Zabaikalsky National Park. Tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv tej thaj chaw

Cov txheej txheem:

Zabaikalsky National Park. Tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv tej thaj chaw
Zabaikalsky National Park. Tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv tej thaj chaw

Video: Zabaikalsky National Park. Tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv tej thaj chaw

Video: Zabaikalsky National Park. Tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv tej thaj chaw
Video: Байкал. Чивыркуйский залив. Ушканьи острова. Байкальская нерпа.Nature of Russia. 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Zabaikalsky State National Park yog lub pearl tiag tiag ntawm Buryatia. Cov toj roob hauv pes tshwj xeeb ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv sab hnub tuaj ntawm Lake Baikal, thaj chaw muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev hem thawj, tau ua rau tsoomfwv RSFSR hauv xyoo 1986 tau tshaj tawm tsab cai ntawm kev tsim lub xeev tiv thaiv chaw ua si hauv cheeb tsam no.

Ntawm no yog lub vaj kaj siab tiag tiag rau cov tsiaj: ntau dua 44 hom tsiaj, 50 - vertebrates, 241 hom noog, 3 hom tsiaj reptiles thiab tib tus naj npawb ntawm amphibians. Ntau tus neeg sawv cev ntawm fauna suav nrog Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm Russia.

Transbaikal National Park
Transbaikal National Park

Lub Chaw Ua Si Hauv Tebchaws yog ib feem ntawm qhov chaw loj, qhov chaw cia ntawm sab qaum teb thiab qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj hu ua Reserve Podlemorie. Nws suav nrog ob lub tiaj ua si ntxiv - Frolikhinsky Reserve thiab Barguzinsky Reserve. Tag nrho peb qhov chaw tiv thaiv yog ib feem ntawm Lake Baikal qhov chaw, uas yog nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm UNESCO.

Park Features

thaj chaw tiv thaiv npogKev kawm, Sredinny, Svyatonossky thiab Barguzinsky ridges thiab nyob rau hauv tag nrho occupies 269 txhiab hectares. 37 txhiab hectares yog thaj chaw dej ntawm Lake Baikal, lub pas dej dej qab zib tob tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.

Feem ntau ntawm cov chaw khaws cia yog nyob los ntawm cov toj roob hauv pes, npog nrog cov tuab tuab ntawm cov ntoo dwarf dwarf ntoo thuv, dwarf ntoo thuv, larch, ntoo thuv thiab cedar taiga.

Zabaykalsky Krai
Zabaykalsky Krai

Ib qhov chaw zoo nkauj tshaj plaws yog Svyatoy Nos ceg av qab teb: Chivyrkuisky isthmus txuas nrog rau sab hnub tuaj ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Lake Baikal. Sab saum toj ntawm Academic Ridge, uas yog tus ciam teb hauv qab dej ntawm sab qaum teb thiab sab qab teb ntawm Baikal Basin, yog sawv cev los ntawm Me Me Ushkany Islands thiab Big Ushkany Island.

Qhov kev tsim no tau hu ua Ushkany Islands archipelago.

Chvyrkuisky Bay

Zabaikalsky National Park yog nto moo rau qhov loj tshaj plaws dej hiav txwv rookery nyob rau hauv Baikal. Qhov no yog qhov kawg ntawm Baikal thiab tsuas yog tus sawv cev ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm pinnipeds. Feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov, cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj muaj nyob rau ntawm Ushkany Islands tuaj, qhov twg lawv cov lej qee zaum ncav cuag 2500 - 3000 tus neeg. Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg, thaum muaj cua daj cua dub, cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj (feem ntau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub) tsiv mus rau Chivyrkuisky Bay. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog lawv lub tsev nyob rau lub caij ntuj no: tau kho thiab so, cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj rov qab mus rau hauv dej qhib, raws li lub bay tau npog nrog dej khov.

Lub bay yog nto moo rau nws cov thermal springs, uas nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm uas yog Serpentine. Nws tshuav nws lub npe rau cov pej xeem ntawm cov nyom nab uas nyob hauv Arangatui swamps. Cov dej kub hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav qee zaum nce mus txog +50-60 degrees. Mineral springs Nechaevsky thiab Kulinye bogs kuj nrov ntawm cov qhua.

Cov ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Chivyrkuisky Bay yog qhov hnyav heev, cov dej hla mus rau thaj av ntev li 25 km. Qhov no feature coj mus rau lub fact tias nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov reservoir tshwm me me sandy bays tiv thaiv los ntawm cua mus txog tsib meters tob. Ib qho tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws yog Ongokon Bay.

National Parks ntawm Buryatia
National Parks ntawm Buryatia

Tsib txoj kev ncig tebchaws ua rau cov qhua tuaj yeem paub nrog cov neeg nyob hauv thaj chaw tiv thaiv, nws cov kev zoo nkauj thiab cov toj roob hauv pes zoo nkauj. Los ntawm qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm lub tiaj ua si - Mount Markovo, nyob rau ntawm Svyatoy Nos ceg av qab teb, ib qho chaw zoo nkauj ntawm thaj chaw qhib.

Islands and park

Qhov xwm ntawm Buryatia muaj ntau haiv neeg thiab zoo nkauj hauv ib qho ntawm nws qhov kev tshwm sim. Yog li, caij nkoj mus ncig ntawm Chivyrkuisky Bay, koj tuaj yeem qhuas cov Islands tuaj tiag tiag, cov ntug dej siab uas tau dhau los ua qhov chaw nkaum rau ntau cov grey thiab herring gulls uas tsim lawv lub zes ntawm no.

Climatic nta ntawm lub tiaj ua si

Lub tiaj ua si nyob hauv Central Baikal thaj chaw huab cua sab hnub tuaj, uas yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm thaj av huab cua nrog sov, qee zaum qhuav lub caij ntuj sov thiab lub caij ntuj no txias. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm Baikal softens huab cua tej yam kev mob nyob rau hauv lub ntug dej hiav txwv ib feem ntawm qhov chaw tiv thaiv. Qhov nruab nrab kub nyob rau lub caij ntuj no yog -19 degrees Celsius, nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov +14 degrees. Cov dej kub hauv lub pas dej tsis nce siab tshaj +14 degrees txawm nyob rau hnub kub tshaj plaws.

Cov peev txheej ntawm cov dej cia

Zabaikalsky NationalLub tiaj ua si yog nplua nuj nyob hauv dej. Ntau tus dej me me ntws ntawm no, cov uas Bolshoy Chivirkuy, Malaya thiab Bolshaya Cheremshana sawv tawm. Cov kwj dej ntawm cov dej no raug kaw, yog li lawv nqa lawv cov dej mus rau Baikal. Tseem muaj cov pas dej ntawm no: qhov loj tshaj ntawm lawv yog Arangatui thiab Me Arangatui, nyob rau ntawm Chivyrkui Isthmus thiab txuas nrog lub bay. Lake Bormashovoe yog me dua thiab paub txog nws cov dej ntxhia.

Transbaikal National Park tsiaj
Transbaikal National Park tsiaj

Ib yam ntawm lub tiaj ua si yog lub xub ntiag ntawm karst pas dej - muaj ntau tshaj nees nkaum ntawm lawv.

Flora ntawm Zabaikalsky National Park

Thaj Chaw Trans-Baikal nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm taiga hav zoov, uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov qauv ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm thaj chaw no. Nws yog vim lub ntsug zonality ntawm Trans-Baikal roob roob. Cov hav zoov feem ntau muaj cov ntoo coniferous: Gmelin larch, Siberian fir, ntoo thuv, cedar thiab dwarf ntoo thuv.

Ib cheeb tsam me yog nyob los ntawm cov hav zoov deciduous, sawv cev feem ntau yog pob zeb thiab dav-leaved birches thiab aspens.

Zabaikalsky National Park yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov txawv txav ntawm roob taiga hav zoov piv rau lawv qhov chaw nyob hauv thaj av Siberian roob. Yog li, nyob rau hauv lub tiaj ua si, tus naj npawb ntawm cedar-larch thiab larch ntoo yog me me - lawv cheeb tsam nyob txog 14 txhiab hectares, thiab lawv nyob rau ntawm madders raws tus dej terraces, thaum nyob rau hauv lwm yam Siberian forests xws li ntoo yog sawv cev nyob rau hauv feem ntau.

Cov nroj tsuag ntawm thaj chaw tiv thaiv muaj ntau haiv neeg,ntau hom nroj tsuag yog endemic thiab relict. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lawv tau nyob hauv toj siab ntawm Ushkany Islands tuaj thiab Dawb Huv Nose.

Transbaikal State National Park
Transbaikal State National Park

Cov no suav nrog xaiv, dwarf ntoo thuv thiab dwarf dwarf zej zog, Teeling's borodinia.

Fauna Diversity

Lub tsev tiag tiag rau sables, hma, wolverines, bears, hma, squirrels, elks, xim av bears, liab-grey voles, hazel grouses, nutcrackers, musk mos lwj, dub-capped marmot thiab ntau lwm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov fauna tau dhau los ua Trans-Baikal National Park. Tsiaj txhu muaj kev nyab xeeb kiag ntawm no.

Ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm amphibians muaj tsawg hom - Siberian qav thiab moor qav. Rau hom tsiaj reptiles kuj pom ntawm no muaj xws li cov nyom nab, agile lizard, cottonmouth thiab viviparous lizard.

Ntawm cov noog, ob qho tib si sedentary thiab vagrant, koj tuaj yeem pom dawb thiab daj wagtails, xim av taub hau chickadees, Muscovites, Dubrovniks, nuthatches, nutcrackers, lapwings, snipes, cherries, ntau terns, grey thiab nyiaj gulls. Qee lub sij hawm hauv lub tiaj ua si koj tuaj yeem pom cov stork dub (nws qhov chaw zes tseem yog qhov tsis paub), eagle golden, dawb-tailed eagle, peregrine falcon thiab osprey.

Lwm tus noog uas tsis tshua muaj uas tau ploj ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Lake Baikal thiab nyob hauv cov neeg tsawg hauv Chivyrkuisky Bay yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws cormorant.

Ntau hom noog npaj lawv lub zes hauv swamps zais ntawm tib neeg lub qhov muag thiab nyob rau feem ntau ntawm Chivyrkui Isthmus. Ntawm no kuj yog qhov tsawg kawg nkausLub ntiaj teb hloov pauv ecosystem - Arangatui swamps, uas nyob hauv elk, capercaillie, muskrats.

tiv thaiv sub-sea cheeb tsam
tiv thaiv sub-sea cheeb tsam

Ntau pab pawg dej ntau tshaj yog cov maum, goldeneye, pintail, whooper swan, teal whistle thiab red-headed pochard.

Tseem muaj cov noog nyob hauv lub tiaj ua si: marsh thiab ntev-eared owls, Ural owl, dav dawb hau plas thiab snowy owl - tsis tshua muaj qhua, pom tsuas yog nyob rau lub caij ntuj no los yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas tib neeg ko taw tsis tshua muaj kauj ruam.

Cov chaw ua si hauv tebchaws Buryatia, suav nrog Zabaikalsky National Park, muaj ntau tus neeg sawv cev ntawm lub ntiaj teb hauv qab dej. Yog li, perch, ide, Siberian greyling, dace, burbot, omul, Baikal sturgeon, pike, roach thiab endemic hom - me me golomyanka.

Zabaikalsky National Park: yuav ua li cas mus txog qhov ntawd

Qhov chaw nyob ze tshaj plaws rau lub tiaj ua si yog lub zos Ust-Barguzin.

Koj tuaj yeem tuaj ntawm no los ntawm av lossis dej. Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm thaj av yog cov kev pabcuam ntawm kev thauj mus los ntawm tus kheej, uas tawm ntawm Irkutsk raws ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Lake Baikal. Los ntawm lub peev ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Buryatia - lub nroog ntawm Ulan-Ude - koj tuaj yeem mus rau qhov chaw ua si los ntawm tsheb tavxij lossis tsheb npav tsis tu ncua.

chivirkuy isthmus
chivirkuy isthmus

Nyob deb ntawm qhov chaw cia yog li 275 km thiab kev taug kev yuav siv sijhawm li 5-6 teev.

Nco ntsoov tias feem ntau ntawm txoj kev yog ntawm txoj kev pob zeb. Rau cov neeg uas nyiam txoj kev dej, los ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj Baikal, thiab los ntawm cov zos ntawm Khuzhir, Nizhneangarsk thiabPrivate flights tawm Listvyanka.

Mus saib lub tiaj ua si no, koj yuav tsis khuv xim nws ib feeb, vim nws tsis yog tsuas yog lub cim ntawm Baikal, tab sis kuj yog lub pas dej hiav txwv tiag tiag ntawm ntuj tsim, uas muaj nplua nuj nyob hauv Trans-Baikal Territory!

Pom zoo: