Dej khov nab kuab - ???

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:53

Dej… Ntau npaum li cas hauv lo lus no. Tej zaum koj yeej xav kho tus kws sau paj huam li no! Qhov tseeb, dej yog synonymous nrog lub neej. Cov lus no muaj tseeb rau cov neeg nyob ntawm ntug hiav txwv dej hiav txwv, thiab rau cov neeg nyob hauv suab puam. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov dej ntau txhiab xyoo ntawm lub neej ntawm science tau kawm nce thiab nqis. Nws yuav zoo li tsis muaj dab tsi tsis paub, tab sis … cia peb ua raws li qhov yooj yim zoo li qhov ntsuas dej khov.

Txhua tus paub tias qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov dej yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tau xaiv hauv 1742 los ntawm Anders Celsius los tsim nws tus kheej ntsuas kub, tom qab tau txais hauv ntau lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb. Tab sis dej puas ib txwm boil ntawm ib puas degrees thiab khov ntawm xoom? Tsis yog ib txwm. Muaj ntau qhov kev txwv uas tuaj yeem hloov cov lej no. Wb pib in order.

Ua ntej, qhov dej khov ntawm cov dej yog xoom degrees tsuas yog thaumib txwm atmospheric siab, uas yog suav hais tias yog ib tug siab ntawm xya puas thiab rau caum millimeters mercury. Raws li lub siab txo qis, qhov dej khov ntawm cov dej nce ntxiv thiab qhov kub ntawm qhov kub nce. Nrog nce siab, txhua yam yog qhov sib txawv.

Thib ob, cov ntsev ntsev ntau ua rau cov dej "tiv taus" kom txias. Qhov txias txias ntawm cov dej ntsev ntawm hiav txwv thiab dej hiav txwv yog li ntawm ob degrees hauv qab xoom Celsius. Cov dej hiav txwv uas cov dej qab ntsev siab tshaj qhov nruab nrab khov ntawm qhov kub qis dua.

Nyob zoo dej ntuj yog ib yam tshuaj heterogeneous. Yog lawm, tus tsov ntxhuav feem (ntau tshaj cuaj caum cuaj feem pua) ntawm cov dej poob rau ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg, uas tau qhia los ntawm cov mis H2O. Tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov dej hu ua "hnyav" thiab txawm tias "super-heavy" dej hauv cov dej ntuj. Hauv thawj kis, es tsis txhob ntawm ob lub atom hydrogen, cov dej molecule muaj ob lub atom ntawm nws cov deuterium isotope, hauv qhov thib ob, tritium. Raws li ib txwm muaj, cov ntsiab lus ntawm deuterium thiab tritium hauv dej tsawg dhau los ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau tib neeg lossis tsiaj. Tab sis nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv ntshiab, deuterium nthuav tawm tsis muaj zog tshuaj lom zog. Tab sis tritium, ua ib yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, tsuas yog txaus ntshai nyob rau hauv daim ntawv muaj zog. Tab sis, hmoov zoo, nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej nws tsuas pom nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv diffuse.

Tritium thiab deuterium dej muaj lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg uas txawv ntawm "peb" dej. Deuterium dej khov ntawmQhov kub ntawm +3, 81 degrees Celsius (ntawm qhov nruab nrab atmospheric siab), thiab boils ntawm qhov kub ntawm +101,43 degrees. Rau cov dej tritium, cov duab no tsis txawv ntau: qhov chaw khov yog +1.25 thiab qhov kub kub yog +101.6 degrees Celsius.

Cov khoom ntawm cov dej, qhov zoo li cov tshuaj lom neeg yooj yim, tseem tsis tau tshawb pom tag nrho. Cov Japanese Masaru kawm, raws li nws, txawm hais lus nrog dej. Nws ntseeg tias dej teb rau cov suab paj nruag thiab lub zog muaj nyob hauv cov lus. Thiab txawm sau ntawv! Qhov no yog supposedly pom meej tom qab khov dej nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm lub resulting crystals. Interestingly, dej reacts tib txoj kev rau ib daim ntawv nrog cov lus "koj yog ib tug neeg ruam" thiab ua si compositions nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm "hnyav hlau", tab sis cov inscription "ua tsaug" yog txuam nrog ib tug series ntawm tej hauj lwm rau harpsichord "Goldberg. Variations" los ntawm Johann Sebastian Bach.