Kab no yog tsev neeg Mustache thiab tsuas yog tus sawv cev ntawm genus Rosalia nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov teb chaws Europe. Cov genus no yog qhov qub, nws tau nqis los rau peb lub sijhawm los ntawm yav dhau los nyob deb, tau muaj sia nyob ntau lub sijhawm geological. Alpine barbel yog ib tug loj heev thiab amazingly zoo nkauj kab. Nws tau piav qhia meej hauv kab lus.
Zoo
Kab no zoo nkauj heev. Nws muaj qhov loj me: qhov ntev ntawm 15 mus rau 40 hli, lub cev nws tus kheej yog xim dub, tab sis npog rau sab saum toj nrog xiav, xiav lossis grey-xiav plaub hau, uas zoo li elegant heev. Lub dorsum yog cim nrog ib qho chaw dub nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub sab sauv paj, nws ob sab muaj ib tug blunt hniav thiab ib tug ntse tubercle ntawm ob sab ntawm lub disc. Lub tiaj tus elytra yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ib qho kev hloov pauv tsaus nti (muaj cov barbels tsis muaj nws): nyob rau hauv nruab nrab muaj ib tug dav band thiab ib qho chaw ntawm txhua ntug. Cov kab no muaj cov kav hlau txais xov ntev heev: nyob rau hauv cov txiv neej lawv yog ob zaug ntev li tus nyuj, thiab nyob rau hauv cov poj niam lawv luv dua, lawv mus dhau lub elytra nrog tsuas yog ob ntu; lawv muaj xim xiav, nrog cov kab txaij hla ntawm cov tawv dub tuab.
Habitat
Tus txiv neej no zoo nkauj heev. Hauv Tebchaws Europe, nws tuaj yeem pom thoob plaws thaj chaw, los ntawm Alps thiab Pyrenees mus rau yav qab teb ciam teb ntawm Switzerland, nrog rau hauv Moldova, Belarus thiab Ukrainian Carpathians. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau lees paub tias alpine barbel nyob hauv Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, qaum teb Iran, thiab hauv qee lub tebchaws ntawm Transcaucasus. Nyob rau hauv Russia, nws qhov chaw nyob npog Voronezh, Rostov, Samara, Chelyabinsk, Belgorod cheeb tsam, Krasnodar thiab Stavropol Territories, raws li zoo raws li Bashkortostan, Chechnya, Ingushetia, Karachay-Cherkessia, lub Kabardino-Balkarian koom pheej thiab Crimea.
Alpine barbel nyiam dav-leaved thiab sib xyaw hav zoov, uas loj hlob beech, elm thiab hornbeam nroj tsuag. Nws nyob hauv toj siab ntawm qhov siab txog li 1500 meters saum toj no hiav txwv theem.
Kev ua neej
Cov neeg laus barbels tawm ntawm ntoo tom qab lub caij ntuj no thaum nruab nrab Lub Rau Hli. Lawv ya mus txog rau lub Cuaj Hlis, ces lawv pib nrhiav qhov chaw nyob ntsiag to, thiab lub Kaum Hli lawv rov qab mus rau hauv cov tawv ntoo rau lub caij ntuj no.
Y Lawv noj tsob ntoo kua txiv, gnawing qhov hauv lub cev ntawm beeches, elms, poplars, maples, hornbeams, txiv ntseej, txiv ntseej, pears, willows, lindens, hawthorns thiab lwm yam hardwoods. Rau lub neej, cov ntoo qub raug xaiv, feem ntau nrog cov ntoo uas rotting lossis puas los ntawm hluav taws, Frost, nceb. Lawv nyiam qhov chaw qhib, qhov kaj zoo uas tau sov los ntawm lub hnub los ntawm txhua sab. Nyob rau hauv huab cua huab cua lawv nkaum, thiab nyob rau hauv cov huab cua ntshiab lawv nquag khiav los ntawm cov ntoo thiab ya. Los ntawm txoj kev, cov beauties -zoo heev flyers thiab fighters: yog hais tias ib tug neeg tawm tsam lawv, lawv rov qab nquag nrog lawv lub puab tsaig muaj zog.
Lub barbel yog kab loj nrog cov xim ci thiab ntxim nyiam. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev zais nws tus kheej zoo kawg nkaus. Hauv qhov xwm txheej, nws nyuaj rau pom cov kab no thaum nws zaum ntsiag to ntawm tsob ntoo beech, sib koom ua ke nrog cov tawv ntoo grey. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov pob dub ntawm lub cev pab nws "so" ntawm qhov pom ntawm lub teeb thiab thaj chaw ntawm tus duab ntxoov ntxoo.
Alpine barbel yog ib tus neeg nyob ib leeg, tab sis qee zaum cov kab no sib sau ua ke hauv cov swarms loj. Cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tsis tuaj yeem teb cov lus nug ntawm qhov tseeb tias qhov no tshwm sim thiab vim li cas lawv xav tau.
Reproduction
Tom qab mating, tus poj niam nteg nws qe nyob rau hauv bark tawg thiab crevices ntawm lub pob tw ntawm cov ntoo qub ntawm qhov siab ntawm peb mus rau rau meters. Cov larvae tshwm hauv li ob lub lis piam yog tias huab cua zoo pab tau. Yog hais tias lub caij ntuj sov yog los nag thiab huab cua, ces tus larvae tuaj yeem loj hlob hauv ib hlis. Lawv loj (txog 40 hli ntev thiab 8 hli dav), fleshy, dawb nyob rau hauv cov xim nrog txiv kab ntxwv cim ntawm lub pronotum. Tom qab yug me nyuam, lawv tam sim ntawd "ntsia" tob rau hauv lub cev. Nyob ntawd nws gnaws tawm ib "lub txaj" rau nws tus kheej, qhov chaw nws hloov mus ua chrysalis.
Los ntawm tus menyuam dev mus rau ib tug neeg laus, kev hloov pauv tsuas yog nyob rau xyoo peb lossis plaub xyoos xwb, thaum tus kab menyuam yaus tawm ntawm tsob ntoo. Qhov no yog li cas lub alpine barbel, los yog alpine lumberjack, yug.
Kev ruaj ntseg
Txawm tias nws thaj chaw faib dav dav, nws yog nyob rau ntawm verge ntawmextinction ntawm alpine barbel. Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm ntau lub tebchaws, suav nrog Russia, muaj cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg tias kab no, raws li hom tsiaj tsis tshua muaj, yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev kev tiv thaiv. Nyob rau lub verge ntawm extinction, nws nyob rau hauv lub Czech koom pheej, Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary, lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Poland. Nws tus lej tau poob qis hauv kaum xyoo tsis ntev los no hauv Belarus, Azerbaijan thiab Armenia, thiab Ukraine. Nws twb yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua kom tau raws li qhov zoo nkauj ci kab hauv Moravia thiab Balkans.
Yog vim li cas qhov no yog qhov yooj yim heev: kev txiav ntoo loj heev thiab tsis muaj kev tswj hwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog deciduous thiab sib xyaw, nrog rau kev tsis lees paub ntawm cov kab, vim Alpine barbel yog ib qho khoom pov thawj ntawm cov neeg sau khoom uas them ob peb puas euros rau nws.
Lub zej zog thoob ntiaj teb tseem tab tom ua haujlwm los khaws cov kab ci ntsa iab thiab zoo kawg nkaus hauv qhov xwm txheej - nws tau teev nyob rau hauv European Red List, nrog rau cov npe liab ntawm International Union rau Kev Tiv Thaiv Xwm, tiv thaiv ntau yam reserves.
Npaj qhov tseeb
Alpine barbel tau dhau los ua lub cim ntawm Danube-Ipoli National Park hauv Hungary.
Tus kab ntxuav nws lub elytra nrog nws cov ceg nraub qaum thaum ua suab nrov nrov zoo li tickled.
Nyob rau lub caij sib yuav, barbels maj mam hu nkauj nrog cov poj niam thiab ua suab nrov rau cov neeg sib tw.
Cov saum toj no piav qhia yuav ua li cas Alpine barbel (Rosalia alpina) ib txwm zoo li. Tab sis qee zaum hauv qhov xwm txheej muaj kab ntawm lwm cov xim: ntshiab dub tsis muaj lub hau xiav lossis liab dawb. Tej zaum tus kws tshawb fawb Swedish Carl Linnaeus, uas tau piav qhia thawj zaug, tau ntsibQhov tseeb ntawm cov kab liab liab, yog li nws hu ua hom "Rosalia alpine".
Tam sim no koj paub tias alpine barbel yog dab tsi, zoo li cas, nws nyob qhov twg thiab yug me nyuam.
