Tauride Palace: tus kws kes duab vajtse, piav qhia thiab nthuav qhov tseeb

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Tauride Palace: tus kws kes duab vajtse, piav qhia thiab nthuav qhov tseeb
Tauride Palace: tus kws kes duab vajtse, piav qhia thiab nthuav qhov tseeb

Video: Tauride Palace: tus kws kes duab vajtse, piav qhia thiab nthuav qhov tseeb

Video: Tauride Palace: tus kws kes duab vajtse, piav qhia thiab nthuav qhov tseeb
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St. Petersburg yog qhov txawv ntawm lwm lub nroog Lavxias ua ntej kev hloov pauv. Tau tshwm sim ntau tom qab ntawm tib qhov chaw loj, nws pheej loj hlob thiab txhim kho nyob rau hauv kev tswj hwm nruj ntawm huab tais thiab cov huab tais ntawm tus kheej, muaj nyiaj txaus thiab tsis muaj kev ywj pheej. Qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb no ua rau muaj qhov xav tsis thoob. Lub qub peev ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws yog lub npe hu rau nws cov tsev zoo nkauj thiab castles, ib co ntawm cov uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th, nyob rau hauv thawj puas xyoo ntawm lub nroog keeb kwm.

Tauride Palace kws kes duab vajtse
Tauride Palace kws kes duab vajtse

Ib tug ntawm txoj cai yuav ib txwm yog Taurida Palace hauv St. Petersburg (tus kws kes duab vajtse I. E. Starov). Nws txoj kev tsim kho pib nyob rau hauv lub npe nrov 1783 (xyoo ntawm lub annexation ntawm lub Crimea), thiab nws siv li ntawm rau xyoo. Nws tus kws sau ntawv yog ib tus thawj kws tshwj xeeb ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv vaj tsev ntawm Lavxias teb sab classicism.

Biography ntawm ib qho khoom vaj tsev zoo heev

Hnub no, ntau tus neeg nyiam ua vaj tse yooj yim, tsis paub zoo txog qhov kev sib tw ntawm cov ncauj lus, tsis txhob nco qab saib Tauridepalace, uas yog tus kws kes duab vajtse ntawm no nto moo monument. Thiab qhov no yog Ivan Yegorovich Starov, tus kws kos duab nyiam ntawm Tub Vaj Ntxwv Potemkin-Tauride. Los ntawm keeb kwm, nws yog ib tug zoo tib yam - nws txiv tau ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj ua ib tug disacon.

Qhov no, txawm li cas los xij, tsis tau tiv thaiv tus tub hluas uas muaj txuj ci tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev mus kawm hauv gymnasium ntawm Moscow University hauv thawj xyoo ntawm nws lub neej, thiab ib xyoos tom qab nws raug xa mus rau gymnasium ntawm St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences raws li txoj haujlwm yav tom ntej ntawm tus kws kos duab.

Lub peev xwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov nugget thiab kev pab los ntawm qee cov neeg saib xyuas niaj hnub no tau tso cai rau tus neeg qhia nws tus kheej kom ua tiav cov kev kawm tiav, ua tiav nws kev xyaum ua haujlwm txawv teb chaws, thiab dhau los ua tus kws tshaj lij puv ntoob, ob qho tib si sab hauv. self-contemplation thiab lwm yam kev cai. Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, nws tau kawm tiav.

I. E. Starov qhov kev pab cuam rau kev txhim kho ntawm Lavxias teb sab architecture

Ntawm nws rov qab los tom qab kev ua haujlwm txawv teb chaws mus rau lub peev ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws, I. E. Starov tau paub nws tus kheej sai sai hauv kev kawm txuj ci. Nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, nws pib muaj architectural tej yaam num, nrog rau lub tsev ntawm cadet gentry corps thiab lwm lub tsev. Thiab ntawm chav kawm, Tauride Palace thiab tus kws kes duab vajtse I. Starov txuas mus ib txhis hauv keeb kwm ntawm peb lub teb chaws. Nov yog ib qho ntawm nws lub ntsiab creation.

Tauride Palace uas yog tus kws kes duab vajtse
Tauride Palace uas yog tus kws kes duab vajtse

Ntxiv rau, ntawm qhov kev tawm tswv yim ntawm suav Potemkin, Starov tau siv zog ntau los txhim kho thiab txhim kho thaj av yav qab teb ntxiv. Nyob rau hauv 1790 nws tsim ib lub tsev npajthaj chaw ntawm lub nroog Nikolaev nyob ze ntawm lub shipyard thiab lub pier, nruab nrab ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm tus dej ntws Ingul thiab Southern Bug. Lub nroog txoj kev npaj sawv tawm nrog cov kab ncaj thiab cov quarters zoo nkauj tsis tu ncua. Tus kws kes duab vajtse tuag xyoo 1808

I. E. Starov raug suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm cov kws tsim vaj tsev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Russia ntawm lub xyoo pua kaum yim, uas tau tso lub cim loj ntawm keeb kwm ntawm lub tebchaws.

Keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim ntawm Tauride Palace

Lub Tauride Palace hauv St. Petersburg (tus kws kes duab vajtse I. E. Starov) tau txais nws lub npe vim li cas. Thaum lub sij hawm thawj Lavxias teb sab-Turkish tsov rog, Crimea (thaum ub Taurida) tau suav nrog Russia thawj zaug. Nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim, tsim ib lub tsev luxurious.

Thaj chaw rau kev tsim kho vaj tse tau faib rau sab laug ntawm lub nroog Neva River ntawm Shpalernaya Street ntawm lub nroog. Tom ntej no mus rau lub tsev nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho yog lub Smolny Monastery. Thaum xub thawj, lub tsev tsis tau hu ua lub palace. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, cov qauv ntawm hom no tsuas yog hu ua tsev. Lub tsev ntawm Shpalernaya Street tau muab lub npe hu ua Lub Tsev Saib Xyuas Nees, thiab nws tau tsim rau lub tsev ntiag tug ntawm tus thawj coj ci ntsa iab, tus tub huabtais suav Potemkin, uas yog tus nyiam ntawm Empress Catherine II. Txawm li cas los xij, tus tswv ntawm tag nrho cov khoom muaj nqis no nws tus kheej, vim kev mus ncig tsis tu ncua, yuav luag tsis tau mus xyuas Tauride Palace. Thiab nws tsis tau nyob ntev tom qab kev tsim kho vaj tse tiav lawm.

Lub Tsev Saib Xyuas Neeg Nees raws li kev xav txog lub sijhawm

Lub tsev ntawm Tauride Palace (Russia, St.centuries.

Tauride Palace keeb kwm
Tauride Palace keeb kwm

Txij li rau caum xyoo ntawm lub xyoo pua kaum yim, cov kws tsim vaj tsev hauv tsev, kawm cov qauv European, ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm cov neeg muaj koob meej, tab sis tsis yog qhov yooj yim ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm classicism. Qhov no tau yooj yim los ntawm tus kheej nyiam ntawm Empress Catherine II. Classicism nyob rau hauv Russia raug them nrog thawj kev nthuav qhia, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm ob qho tib si los ntawm kev nthuav dav ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm Russia, thiab los ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm lub neej thiab lub xeev (kev lag luam, pej xeem, kev nom kev tswv), thiab, ntawm chav kawm, los ntawm lub neej. muaj tswv yim muaj peev xwm thiab ci tus kheej ntawm ntau tiam neeg ntawm cov kws txawj ntse.

Lub tsev loj ntawm Tauride Palace

Lub tuam tsev tsim vaj tsev ntawm Tauride Palace (tus kws tsim vaj tsev Starov) muaj ob lub tsev loj uas npog nrog lub dome thiab ob sab tis nrog cov vaj tsev zoo nkauj nyob rau ntawm ob sab. Los ntawm sab ntawm lub ntsiab facade, nws yog qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tsis sib xws nrog kev tsim ntawm cov tsev zoo nkauj ntawm cov khoom kim heev Rococo thiab Baroque eras. Lub Taurida Palace tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug U-puab thiab muab ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov qauv, tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm uas yog kwv yees li 66 txhiab square meters. Lub facade ntawm lub tsev stretches rau 260 meters thiab muaj ib tug rau-kem dawb portico nyob rau hauv ib tug classical style. Sab saum toj lub tsev loj, uas nce kaum ob metres saum av, yog ib lub nruas nrog lub dome ntab hla tag nrho cov qauv.

Sab vaj tsev ntawm Tsev Neeg Saib Xyuas Neeg

Los ntawm ob sab mus rau lub tsev ntawm Tauride Palace (tus kws kes duab vajtse Starov) ib-zaj dab neeg ntau qhov chaw zoo nkauj, uas sib sau ua ke lub tsev nrogoutbuildings.

Hauv cov chav sab, ntxiv rau cov chav nyob niaj hnub thiab chav ua haujlwm, tseem muaj ib feem ntawm cov chav uas muaj kev ua koob tsheej: chav nyob me me, ntau hom kev seev cev, chav ua yeeb yam zoo nkauj, thiab lwm yam.

tauride palace hauv Saint Petersburg keeb kwm
tauride palace hauv Saint Petersburg keeb kwm

Rau rau pem hauv ntej lub tshav puam, cov tsev sab nrauv yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv me me nrog plaub-kem porticos. Nyob rau sab nraud ntawm Shpalernaya Street, nyob rau hauv uas lub palace sawv, sab vaj tse tsim me me symmetrical retractable ntsiab, nyob ze uas ib-zaj dab neeg ceg ntawm lub palace sawv. Qhov kawg ntawm cov ntsiab lus no yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog rau-columned Ionic Greek porticos thiab yog sab projections ntawm lub tsev loj ntawm lub palace ntawm lub tiaj ua si. Lub ntsiab portico ntawm lub palace highlights nkag mus rau lub ntsiab vestibule.

Modern view of the monument of architecture

Modern Taurida Palace kws kes duab vajtse Starov tiag tiag txawv ntawm qhov qub qub. Nws tom qab kev tsim kho dua tshiab yog hom hnyav dua thiab majestic, tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov tsev ntawm Roman ancient. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv nws cov tsos tsis muaj ncaj qha imitation ntawm Western European architectural monuments ntawm classics, thiab theem ntawm tag nrho cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub tsev qhia tau hais tias cov xwm ntawm classical Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai..

Tus thawj saib ntawm Tauride Palace

Thiab txawm li cas los xij, txawm hais tias dhau los ntawm peb puas thiab tsib caug xyoo dhau los, cov tuam tsev sab hauv sab hauv tau ntsib ntau qhov kev hloov pauv, txawm tias tam sim no lub palace tuaj yeem yooj yim.xav txog kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm chav tsev thiab chav. Lub qub version ntawm Tauride Palace (1783-1789) yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws.

Lub xeev qub ntawm sab hauv ntawm lub palace tuaj yeem xav txog tom qab kawm cov dab neeg ntawm cov neeg nto moo niaj hnub. Tshwj xeeb, tus kws sau paj huam zoo nkauj Derzhavin, tau mus xyuas lub tsev no, xav tsis thoob los ntawm nws txoj kev zoo nkauj nplua nuj thiab tso nws txoj kev xav txog nws hauv nws cov paj huam.

Tseem tshuav hais txog lub palace nyob rau hauv memoirs thiab lwm yam contemporaries.

Ib puag ncig ntawm kev tsim ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse Starov

Zoo nkauj thiab solemn yog tam sim ntawd ib puag ncig ntawm Tauride Palace kws kes duab vajtse Starov. Ncaj nraim nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub ntsiab facade nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo caum nteg ib tug nyob ntsiag to me me chaw nres nkoj ntawm ib tug spherical duab ntawm tus dej. Neva nrog lub pier txhim khu kev qha (kua hauv xyoo 1860s rau cov laj thawj kev). Cov nkoj zoo nkauj heev ntawm cov tswv thiab cov qhua tuaj txog tom ntej ntawm lub vaj tse tau moored nyob ze nws thiab moored. Cov vaj tsev vaj tsev ntawm lub tsev Tauride Palace suav nrog lub npe hu ua vaj tswv lub tsev.

tauride palace nyob rau hauv Petersburg kws kes duab vajtse
tauride palace nyob rau hauv Petersburg kws kes duab vajtse

Tam sim no, tom qab lub tsev, tus tswv vaj V. Gould tau cog thiab loj hlob Tauride Garden. Ntawm nws thaj chaw muaj ntau lub toj roob hauv pes muaj yeeb yuj, me me me me reservoirs, ntws raws, ntoo txuas hniav, paj txaj loj, tsev cog khoom, tsev cog khoom rau cov nroj tsuag kab txawv, thiab lwm yam.

Catherine's Hall thiab lwm qhov chaw sab hauv

Nkauj thiabib chav system-forming nyob rau hauv lub tsev tsim nyob rau hauv lub quarter kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th. Tauride Palace, qhov zoo nkauj Catherine's Hall tau dhau los ua qhov kev nyiam ntawm tag nrho cov complex. Tus qhua tuaj yeem nkag mus rau nws tsuas yog los ntawm chav tsev me me nrog lub Greek colonnade. Kev nkag los ntawm sab nraud ntawm chav tsev tau tshwj xeeb dai kom zoo nkauj nrog lub rooj vag Triumphal, nrog cov ncej loj ntawm cov khoom kim heev jasper thiab cov granite ruaj khov ntxiv rau lub sijhawm solemnity.

Catherine's Hall yog Ameslikas hu ua Belokolonny nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev sib txawv. Tus kws kes duab vajtse I. E. Starov tau txiav txim siab muab cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev ntawm Hellenic era hauv nws lub hauv paus. Thaum lub caij so luxurious, nws tau tsim kom tau txais txog tsib txhiab tus qhua.

Interior of Catherine's Hall of the Palace

Feem ntau, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias sab nraud nruj, sab laug yam tsis muaj décor thiab marble duab puab, lub palace txaus siab rau nws sab hauv - nws cov chav tau zoo heev hauv cov duab thiab qhov siab, muaj kev kho kom zoo nkauj. Nyob rau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub tsev nteg lub rotunda ntawm ib tug me me lub caij ntuj no vaj nrog ob peb kab. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm nws yog ib tug pej thuam ntawm Empress Catherine II (sculpture los ntawm F. Shubin). Zoo nkauj kab txawv nroj tsuag loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub vaj.

Hauv Tauride Palace, ntxiv rau Catherine Hall thiab lub vaj lub caij ntuj no, koj tuaj yeem pom Suav zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj Divan Hall, kos duab kos duab thiab chav Gobelin. Cov kws tshaj lij ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd tau koom nrog kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm thaj chaw. Thaum pib, thaum lub neej ntawm Empress, muaj ib qho zoo kawg nkaus sau ntawm paintings thiab pej thuam.

Lavxias teb sab architectuas ua lub Tauride Palace
Lavxias teb sab architectuas ua lub Tauride Palace

Tus kws tsim vaj tsev Lavxias uas tsim lub Tauride Palace, hauv nws qhov zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj, tau qhia txog qib zuj zus ntawm lub xeev muaj yeej ntawm Lavxias, nthuav nws cov ciam teb. Tab sis qhov no nyob deb ntawm lub tsev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd.

Txoj hmoo ntawm lub palace

Lub neej ntawm Tauride Palace nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg tsis xaus nrog lub xyoo pua kaum yim ib leeg. Nws keeb kwm tag nrho qhia txog kev loj hlob ntau pua xyoo hauv lub tebchaws. Tom qab kev tuag ntawm Catherine lub Great nyob rau hauv 1796, nws tus tub Paul tus thawj tau nce lub zwm txwv. Extravagant thiab ceev-tempered, nws kuj ntxub nws niam thiab nws entourage. Qhov nyiam ntawm Empress, suav Potemkin, yog ib tus thawj ntawm cov yeeb ncuab ntawm tus kav tshiab. Txij li thaum Potemkin nws tus kheej twb tuag los ntawm lub sij hawm no, Pavel pib tawm tsam nrog nws cov keeb kwm. Qhov zoo kawg nkaus Tauride Palace tau muab rau cov tub rog - barracks tau tsim ntawm no.

Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus huab tais huab tais Lavxias tom ntej hauv thawj xyoo ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, lub palace tau rov tsim dua tshiab thiab hloov mus ua ib qho chaw nyob hauv lub xeev ntawm lub hwj chim imperial tsev. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, lub Taurida Palace tau tshaj tawm tias lub tsev ntawm lub Xeev Duma.

Post-revolutionary era thiab modernity

1917 tsis txwv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Tauride Palace. Cov keeb kwm tom qab lub Ob Hlis Revolution thiab overthrow ntawm Romanovs coj mus rau lub fact tias lub Provisional tsoom fwv ntawm Alexander Kerensky ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub palace. Cov Bolsheviks hloov nws. Txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1917, Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm Tebchaws Meskas tau ua haujlwm hauv Tauride Palace. Thaum kawg, lub Ib Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1918,ntawm no All-Russian Constituent Assembly tau sib sau ua ke rau lub sijhawm luv.

Nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm, ntau lub Soviet thiab tog lub cev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub palace.

Tauride Palace attractions
Tauride Palace attractions

Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st, cov rooj sib tham thoob ntiaj teb kev lag luam thiab lwm lub rooj sib tham tau tsim kho dua tshiab, tab sis tseem nyob hauv qhov zoo, Tauride Palace. Lub Chaw Haujlwm General ntawm Lub Rooj Sib Tham Sib Tham Sib Koom Tes ntawm Lub Tebchaws Commonwe alth (CIS) kuj tseem ua haujlwm ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub palace.

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