Andrey Bitov: biography thiab tej hauj lwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:07

Andrey Bitov - tus kws sau ntawv ntawm rau caum xyoo, yog ib tus tsim ntawm postmodernism hauv Lavxias cov ntaub ntawv. Ntawm nws cov hauj lwm, cov dab neeg nto moo tshaj plaws yog Pushkin's House. Kab lus piav qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm kev sau phau ntawv no, nrog rau phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Andrei Bitov.

Andrey Georgievich Bitov yug hauv 1937 hauv Leningrad. Nws txiv yog ib tug kws kes duab vajtse. Niam yog ib tug kws lij choj. Andrei Bitov pib sau ntawv thaum muaj hnub nyoog kaum cuaj. Nyob rau hauv 1954, yav tom ntej prose sau ntawv kawm tiav los ntawm ib lub tsev kawm ntawv theem nrab. Nws nyob ntawm Fontanka. Nws yog thawj lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau sab qaum teb lub nroog uas feem ntau ntawm cov kev kawm tau qhia ua lus Askiv.

Tom qab tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj kawm tiav, Bitov nkag mus rau Mining Institute. Raws li ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv, nws koom nyob rau hauv lub koom haum sau ntawv coj los ntawm Gleb Semyonov. Nyob rau hauv 1957, Bitov tau sau rau hauv cov tub rog thiab ua haujlwm nyob rau sab qaum teb. Thiab ces nws tau rov qab los ntawm lub koom haum thiab kawm tiav xyoo 1962. Andrey Bitov pib nws txoj hauj lwm los ntawm kev sau paj huam. Thawj prose tej hauj lwm tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim ntawm tus sau Viktor Golyavkin. Bitov cov dab neeg thaum ntxovtau luam tawm tsuas yog nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov nineties. Hauv kev xam phaj ntau, Bitov tau hais ntau zaus tias nws tsis yog tus kws sau ntawv thiab tsis lees txais lub npe no.

Artworks

Ua ntej perestroika, Andrey Bitov luam tawm txog kaum phau ntawv thiab sau cov dab neeg luv luv. Nyob rau hauv 1965 nws tau txais mus rau lub koom haum sau ntawv. "Pushkin House" Andrey Bitov tau luam tawm thawj zaug hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Ua ib tus neeg sawv cev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub xyoo caum, tus kws sau ntawv tau tsa cov teeb meem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm nws lub sijhawm hauv nws cov haujlwm. Nws cov cim feem ntau yog cov neeg tawm tsam lossis cov neeg nrhiav kev tsis pom zoo.

Cov ntawv tshiab saum toj no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv phau ntawv keeb kwm Andrei Bitov. Tom qab cov hauj lwm no tau luam tawm txawv teb chaws, lwm phau ntawv los ntawm tus sau tau txwv tsis pub luam tawm hauv Soviet Union. Qhov kev txwv no tau siv rau xyoo 1986. Nrog perestroika, ntau yam tau hloov pauv hauv nws lub neej. Thaum kawg nws los ua ib tug mus xyuas.

Ntawv Teb, tus kws sau ntawv tau qhia, koom nrog kev sib tham. Bitov paub tsis yog tsuas yog tus kws sau ntawv ntawm cov lus hais, tab sis kuj yog ib tus neeg ua haujlwm ntawm tib neeg txoj cai. Nws kuj yog ib tug ntawm cov founders ntawm Lavxias teb sab cwj mem club. Txij li thaum xyoo 1991, Andrei Bitov tau ua tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm lub koom haum tsis yog tsoomfwv tib neeg txoj cai. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub koom haum tsis raug cai "BaGaZh" raug tsim.

Andrey Bitov cov haujlwm: "Big Ball", "Armenian Lessons", "Lifestyle", "Travel Book", "Lub Neej Hauv Huab Cua","Tshaj tawm", "Doctor's Funeral", "Justified Jealousy". Nws tsim nyog tham txog phau ntawv nto moo tshaj plaws los ntawm Andrey Bitov.

"Pushkin House": keeb kwm ntawm creation

Tus kws sau ntawv tau pib ua haujlwm tshiab hauv xyoo 1964. Nws mus rau ntau tshaj xya xyoo. Andrey Bitov tau txais kev tshoov siab los sau cov haujlwm no los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv loj ntawm cov xyoo ntawd. Lub sijhawm ntawm lub sijhawm hu ua thaw, lub sijhawm ntawm kev sib haum xeeb thiab kev ywj pheej ntawm kev hais lus, tau los txog rau qhov kawg. Tab sis qhov kev ywj pheej no, raws li nws muab tawm, yog illusory. Thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1963, ib tsab xov xwm tau tshwm sim hauv cov ntawv xov xwm tseem ceeb Leningrad nyob rau hauv lub npe "Zoo-Literary Drone". Tus sau ntawm tsab xov xwm no tau tsoo tej hauj lwm ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas kws sau paj lug rau smithereens. Cov kab mob ua neej nyob ntawm tus kws sau ntawv hluas tau hais meej.

Nyob rau hauv cov hnub, cov ntawv zoo li no tsis tau tshwm sim hauv xov xwm ib yam li ntawd, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv "Vecherniy Leningrad". Tom qab ntawd, raws li txoj cai, raug ntes ua raws. Thiab yog li ntawd tau tshwm sim. Tus kws sau paj lug raug ntes sai sai, thiab tom qab ntawd xa mus rau lub tsev kho mob puas siab puas ntsws, thiab tom qab ntawd raug ntiab tawm. Tus kws sau paj huam no yog Joseph Brodsky. Nws yog nws uas tau tshoov siab rau Bitov los sau ib qho tshiab uas tau qhuas nws nyob deb dhau ntawm ciam teb ntawm Soviet Union. Tab sis Pushkin's House tsis yog ib phau ntawv hais txog Brodsky. Nov yog qhov tshiab hais txog lub sijhawm nyuaj, thaum tsuas yog cov neeg muaj zog tshaj plaws tau tswj hwm kom nyob sib haum xeeb nrog lawv lub siab.

Reviews

Andrey Bitov tau thov tias Dostoevsky, Proust thiab Nabokov cuam tshuam nws txoj haujlwm. Raws li rau lub prototype ntawm tus protagonistLos ntawm cov tshiab "Pushkin House", ces lawv yuav hu ua Yuri Dombrovsky (Lavxias teb sab kws sau paj lug thiab prose sau), raws li zoo raws li Mikhail Bakhtin, ib tug kws tshawb fawb uas nws lub npe hu ua, tej zaum, rau txhua txhua xyoo thawj cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm lub kws qhia ntawv ntawm Philology.

Cov neeg thuam muab cov ntawv tshiab "Pushkin's House" rau qhov sib npaug nrog cov haujlwm xws li "Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv rau Fools", "Moscow - Petushki", "Taug kev nrog Pushkin", sau los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Lavxias teb sab postmodernism. Raws li cov neeg thuam, phau ntawv yog ib qho ntawm qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm Kev Thaw. Andrey Bitov yog ib tug laureate ntawm ntau lub xeev khoom plig. Nws tseem sau hnub no, suav nrog paj huam.

Summary

Lub cim tseem ceeb yog tus kws tshawb fawb hluas Lev Odoevtsev. Nws yog peb tiam neeg philologist. Muaj ib zaug, rov qab rau hauv peb caug xyoo, yawg ntawm tus protagonist raug kaw nyob rau hauv ib tsab xov xwm nom tswv. Ntau xyoo dhau los, kev tsim txom pib. Ib tug neeg nyob ze ntawm Odoevtsevs rov qab los ntawm lub yeej. Thiab tsis ntev cov niam txiv nco txog lawv yawg, uas tau nyob hauv tsev lojcuj ntau xyoo. Lub protagonist ntawm qhov tshiab yuav tsum tau paub nrog nws cov txheeb ze, nws yuav nkag siab qhov nws tsis tau paub ua ntej. Xws li kawm paub tias nws txiv ib zaug tso nws txiv tseg.

Cov ntawv tshiab hu ua "Pushkin's House", vim tias tom qab kawm tiav los ntawm Kws Qhia Ntawv ntawm Philology thiab tiv thaiv nws qhov kev tshaj tawm, Odoevtsev tau txais txoj haujlwm ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Lavxias Lavxias. Ntawm no yog cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm tshwm sim.

Tom qab tshaj tawm ntawm "Pushkin House" hauv kev ua haujlwm muaj tswv yim ntawm Bitov, muaj ib ntus. Thiab nws tsis yog txhua yam uas nws twb muaj lawmtsis muaj dab tsi sau txog. Phau ntawv no tau hloov ua qhov tseem ceeb heev uas nws cuam tshuam txog cov dab neeg thiab cov dab neeg uas tau tsim thaum ntxov thiab lig.