South Ural Reserve (duab)

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:50

South Ural Reserve yog qhov chaw tsim nyog tuaj xyuas rau txhua tus neeg uas nyiam nyiam cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm Lavxias Federation. Ntxiv mus, nws raug nquahu kom ua qhov no tsis yog rau cov qhua los ntawm nyob ze thiab deb txawv teb chaws, tab sis kuj rau cov neeg nyob hauv peb lub teb chaws lawv tus kheej. Vim li cas? Qhov ntawd yog qee zaum, tau yug los lossis nyob ze qhov chaw zoo, peb tsis nrhiav sijhawm los paub lawv zoo dua.

Koj yuav tsum mus rau South Ural Reserve txhua lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo. Txhua lub sijhawm nws zoo nkauj thiab tshwj xeeb hauv nws txoj kev. Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav zoo, lub caij ntuj sov thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg, koj tuaj yeem so ntawm cov ntoo thiab tshuaj ntsuab, ua pa tshiab, khaws paj, berries lossis nceb, nyob ntawm lub caij nyoog. Tab sis nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, South Ural State Nature Reserve hloov mus rau hauv lub vaj kaj siab tiag tiag rau cov neeg uas nyiam caij ski, ua si snowballs lossis ua tus snowman loj.

Zaj lus no yog qhia txog ib qho chaw zoo nkauj nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm peb lub teb chaws. South Ural Reserve yeej muaj lub koob npe nrov li qhov chaw so nyiam rau cov neeg hauv zos. Tab sis cov qhua tuaj tom qabciam teb, hmoov tsis, tsis txhob tuaj ntawm no ntau zaus, txawm tias cov neeg uas tseem muaj hmoo txaus tuaj xyuas ntawm no, raws li txoj cai, coj mus tsev tsis yog cov duab yeeb yuj nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tseem nco tau zoo kawg.

qhov chaw zoo

Sab Qab Teb Ural Nature Reserve, ib daim duab uas tuaj yeem pom hauv yuav luag txhua phau ntawv qhia tshwj xeeb rau kev zoo nkauj ntawm peb lub tebchaws, nyob ib txhij ntawm thaj chaw ntawm koom pheej ntawm Bashkortostan (90% hauv cheeb tsam Beloretsk) thiab Hauv Chelyabinsk cheeb tsam.

Los ntawm txoj kev, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv lub Katav-Ivanovsky koog tsev kawm ntawv ntawm lub cia nrog thaj tsam ntawm ntau tshaj 24 txhiab hectares, nyob rau hauv lub Chelyabinsk cheeb tsam, lub siab tshaj plaws roob siab thiab picturesque cheeb tsam. Lub Southern Urals nyob.

roob toj ib puag ncig lub tiaj ua si

Lub Xeev Ural Lub Xeev Reserve nyob rau hauv qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws thiab tib lub sijhawm qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm South Urals. Cov ridges Mashak, Nara, Zigalga, Kumardak thiab Yamantau massif tsim lub roob siab tshaj plaws nrog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 1639 m saum toj no hiav txwv theem. Cov saw sab hnub poob ntawm no yog sawv cev los ntawm cov ncov uas yog ib feem ntawm tag nrho cov kab ke ntawm Cov Roob Qhuav (Veselaya, Kruglyaya, Salya, Rosypnaya).

Mashak ridge thiab Yamantau massif kuj tsim cov saw nyuaj tshaj plaws.

Rivers and water systems

Nyob rau hauv lub ciam teb, tus dej system nkag mus rau hauv lub catchment cheeb tsam ntawm tus dej. Dawb. Tag nrho cov hlab ntsha dej ntawm no tuaj yeem raug faib ua cov dej me me, vim tias lawv qhov ntev yog tsawg dua 100 km. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog Me thiab Loj Inzer, Tulmen, Yuryuzan thiab Roar.

Dhau li ntawm no, muaj 13 tus dej ntxiv 10-19 km ntev. Gener altus naj npawb ntawm cov kwj me me thiab cov rivulets nce mus txog 300

Feem ntau ntawm cov dej ntws ntawm cov ciam teb muaj puv puv, thiab lub phiab ntawm tus dej muaj qhov dej ntws siab tshaj plaws. Tulmen. Lub caij ntuj sov-lub caij nplooj zeeg dej qis tshwm sim thaum Lub Rau Hli-Lub Kaum Hli, tab sis tib lub sijhawm nws tau cuam tshuam los ntawm dej nyab tsis tu ncua.

Rivers nyob rau hauv cia khov, raws li txoj cai, thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis. Kev khov feem ntau txuas ntxiv mus txog rau xyoo kaum ob ntawm lub Plaub Hlis.

Tab sis cov dej tsawg kawg tau sau tseg ntawm no thaum Lub Yim Hli.

Keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim cov khoom cia

Kwv yees mus txog rau nruab nrab ntawm XVIII caug xyoo. thaj chaw uas South Ural Reserve nyob tam sim no tau suav tias yog kev tsim kho tsis zoo.

Piv txwv li, saib hauv phau ntawv qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm thaj av, koj tuaj yeem pom tias los ntawm 1795 tsuas yog peb lub zos me tau tsim ntawm no - Berdagulovo, Aripkulovo thiab Ilmyashevo.

Cov neeg no nyob rau XVIII-XIX centuries. Lawv feem ntau koom nrog kev yug tsiaj ib nrab ntawm cov nyuj, qee zaum beekeepers. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias txog rau tam sim no cov ntoo sab tau khaws cia nyob rau hauv lub reserve.

In the XVIII century. Lub thiaj li hu ua mining thiab Hoobkas theem ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Southern Urals pib: hlau-smelting nroj tsuag tau tsim txoj cai nyob rau hauv ciam teb ntawm ciam teb. Loj-loj, qee zaum xav tsis thoob, thiab yog li ntawd kev txiav txim siab tsis zoo pib. Kev tsim cov charcoal kilns kuj xav tau cov peev txheej loj. Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm hlau ore deposits tau ua nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub reserve.

Xyoo 1924, hmoov zoo rau ib puag ncig, cov chaw tsim khoom raug tso tseg, tom qab ntawd kaw, thiab kev txhim khotau txais los ntawm kev lag luam ntoo.

Flora ntawm South Ural Reserve

Hnub no, muaj 698 hom nroj tsuag siab dua, 121 hom fungi, ntau mosses, av algae, lichens nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm lub tiaj ua si ntuj.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias ntau ntawm lawv tau teev nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm Russia, thiab 57 hom yog cov khoom plig tiag tiag ntawm lub sijhawm geological yav dhau los.

Cov hav zoov hauv thaj chaw khaws cia npog 90% ntawm thaj chaw, nrog cov ntoo coniferous (4 hom) thiab tsob ntoo deciduous (10 hom) yog hom ntoo tseem ceeb.

32% ntawm thaj chaw ntawm thaj chaw cia yog nyob los ntawm cov hav zoov tsaus nti coniferous fir-spruce, qhov twg fir thiab Siberian spruce tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj. Lub teeb coniferous hav zoov tau tsim, raws li txoj cai, los ntawm Scotch ntoo thuv thiab nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm thaj chaw ntawm thaj chaw cia, uas, hmoov tsis zoo, raug kev txom nyem tshaj plaws vim kev txiav ntoo tsis raug cai.

Pom nyob rau hauv cov ciam teb thiab me me nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm grey alder, linden cordifolia, Askiv ntoo qhib, maple, winding thiab fluffy birches, ntau yam willows, noog cherry.

South Ural Reserve. Tsiaj thiab noog

Lub chaw cia yog lub tsev rau 50 hom tsiaj, 260 hom tsiaj vertebrates, 20 hom ntses, 189 hom noog, nrog rau 5 hom tsiaj reptiles thiab amphibians.

Mammal fauna feem ntau sawv cev los ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv hav zoov, tab sis kuj muaj ob hom kab mob - American mink thiab muskrat.

Txawm los ntawm ungulates tshwj xeebelk yog ntau. Tus nab npawb ntawm cov tsiaj no tsuas yog 400-700 tus neeg xwb, uas tsis ntau npaum li nws zoo li thaum xub thawj siab ib muag.

Txij lub sijhawm, taug kev hauv hav zoov thiab cov nyom, koj tuaj yeem ntsib cov mos lwj thiab npuaj qus. Sab Qab Teb Ural Reserve yog nyob tsis tu ncua los ntawm 13 hom tsiaj tsiaj qus, suav nrog dais xim av, Siberian weasel, hma, hma, lynx, marten, weasel, ermine, thiab lwm yam.

Tseem muaj ib tug kwj deg uas ploj lawm hauv tebchaws. Tus badger thiab hare tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog ib txwm nyob thiab muaj neeg nyob hauv lub tiaj ua si ntuj.

19 hom nas nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm thaj chaw cia, uas feem ntau yog squirrel, chipmunk, beaver, nas thiab voles. Ib hom tsiaj tsawg heev yog, kab tias, ya squirrel. Insectivores yog sawv cev los ntawm yim hom, feem ntau yog cov hedgehog thiab mole, shrews, thiab lwm yam.

Hnub no, raws nraim 189 hom noog nyob hauv thaj chaw cia. Los ntawm txoj kev, 11 ntawm lawv tau ntev tau teev nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm peb lub teb chaws: peregrine falcon, dub stork, golden eagle, liab-throated goose, serpent eagle, ntau dua pom dav dawb hau, dawb-tailed dav dawb hau, dav dawb hau plas, gyrfalcon, oystercatcher, shrike.

Cov noog fauna feem ntau muaj cov noog hav zoov, feem ntau hazel grouse thiab capercaillie.

Lub luag haujlwm dab tsi ua rau kev txuag ntuj

Cov lus nug no tsim nyog tshwj xeeb, yog li nws tseem tsim nyog muab cov lus teb kom ntxaws ntxiv rau nws. Dab tsi yog qhov xav tauqhov chaw no, yog muaj ib, tau kawg?

Qhov tseeb yog tias Sab Qab Teb Ural Nature Reserve ntawm Russia tau tsim los txhawm rau khaws cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb ntawm Sab Qab Teb Urals hauv lawv daim ntawv ntuj, qub. Qhov no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb ntawm chic spruce thiab fir forests. Tsis tshua muaj hom tsiaj hauv zos thiab fauna, hav dej ntuj, cov zej zog cog alpine - tag nrho cov no yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau cov tiam tom ntej thiab rau txiaj ntsig ntawm peb Leej Niam.

Npaj qhov tseeb

Hais txog lub tiaj ua si ntuj no, ib tus tsis tuaj yeem hais txog qee cov ntaub ntawv nthuav dav.

Piv txwv li, tsis yog txhua tus paub tias tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm qhov cia yog 270 km. Thaj chaw no yog qhov loj heev txawm nyob rau ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation.

Sab hnub poob ntawm qhov cia - sab xis ntawm tus dej. Yamashta, r. Tulmen thiab sab hnub tuaj slopes ntawm lub thiaj li hu ua Dry Roob. Sab qaum teb cordon coincides nrog lub teb chaws ciam teb, uas yog hais txog 40 km.

Lub cia yog nyob rau sab qab teb siab tshaj plaws ntawm Urals. Ntawm no, ntawm nws thaj chaw, kev sib haum xeeb tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg raug tsim txom thiab chaw pw hav zoov rau cov poj niam German tau tsim ib zaug.