Ceev, thaj yeeb, nyob ntsiag to, coj tus cwj pwm - qhov no yog lub npe muab los ntawm cov kws qhia lus rau lo lus "Chuvash", raws li ib qho ntawm cov haiv neeg Volga hu nws tus kheej. Chuvash lub xeem tau ntev tau sib xyaw nrog cov neeg Lavxias thiab Ukrainian, lossis tej zaum nws yog lwm haiv neeg uas qiv qee yam ntawm lawv los ntawm Chuvash? Cov keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm cov neeg no yog qhov nthuav heev, zoo li yog lub hauv paus ntawm lawv cov npe nominal. Nws yog lub ntsiab lus no uas peb yuav tau xyuam xim rau hnub no, xav paub ntau ntxiv txog cov npe thiab cov npe ntawm Chuvash, nrog rau keeb kwm ntawm lawv keeb kwm.
Chuvash yog leej twg?
Ib zaug dhau los, xav tias nyob rau xyoo pua 7-8th, ib qho ntawm cov hordes ntawm Bulgar pab pawg tau tsiv mus rau sab hnub tuaj, mus txog thaj tsam nruab nrab ntawm Volga thiab Kama, thiab nyob ntawm no, sib xyaw nrog Finno. - Cov pab pawg neeg Ugric. Tom qab ntawd, lub nceeg vaj ntawm Volga-Bulgarian tau tsim nyob ntawm no, cov pej xeem uas yog Turkic-hais lus pab pawg neeg ntawm Bulgarians, Estelle thiab Bersula. Cov Chuvash txiav txim siab lawv tus kheej cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm Bulgars, Suvars thiab Savirs. Kev koom ua ke hauv Volga Bulgaria ntawm cov ntseeg, Muslim, pagan kab lis kev cai tau pom nwskev xav hauv cov npe. Feem ntau Slavic Chuvash cov npe thiab lub xeem muaj nyob nrog cov Muslim, txawm hais tias lawv cov neeg nqa khoom yog tib haiv neeg.
Chuvash nyob qhov twg thiab ua li cas?
Yuav luag ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov Chuvash nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm Chuvash niaj hnub koom pheej, uas yog ib feem ntawm Lavxias Federation. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov npe Chuvash tuaj yeem pom thoob plaws hauv Russia. Ntau tus Chuvash nyob hauv Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan. Lub ntsiab kev ntseeg ntawm cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv niaj hnub ntawm Bulgars yog Orthodox Christianity, tab sis ntau ntawm lawv tseem nyob Muslim los yog pe hawm ib txwm pagan kev ntseeg. Cov lus Chuvash yog ib ceg tshwj xeeb ntawm pawg lus Turkic.
pagan npe
Txog rau thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, kev ntseeg tseem ceeb ntawm Volga Bulgars yog paganism, uas tseem ceeb heev tau muab rau npe menyuam yug tshiab. Chuvash lub npe, xws li, tsis muaj nyob rau hauv cov hnub. Qhov no tsis yog ib qho peculiarity ntawm Turkic lus, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm naming yog yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg feem coob nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Cov npe Pagan qhia txog lub zog thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov xwm txheej, cov yam ntxwv uas cov niam txiv xav muab rau lawv tus menyuam. Lub npe Chuvash ua ntej-Christian yog los ntawm keeb kwm ob qho tib si rau lawv hom lus thiab qiv los ntawm lwm pab pawg lus. Tom qab ntawd, tom qab kev saws me nyuam ntawm cov ntseeg Vajtswv, ntau lub npe hloov mus rau Slavic, Lavxias teb sab, thiab tau ntxiv nrog cov npe. Tsis ntev los no, cov pej xeem ntawm Chuvash koom pheej muajzam rau zoo nkauj pre-Christian lub teb chaws npe. Feem ntau yog:
- Ilem (pi - rau ib tug ntxhais) - "kev zoo nkauj".
- Miluk yog ib tug neeg muaj tswvyim.
- Narspi yog ib tug ntxhais zoo nkauj.
- Alekhan yog tus tiv thaiv.
- Tahtaman is tenacious.
Transformed Chuvash surnames
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv lub neej pagan yog lub npe, kom paub meej tias leej twg yog lawv tham txog, lub npe menyuam yaus tau ntxiv rau tus neeg: zwm rau xeem, tsev neeg: leej twg? - Ilemov, Alekhanov, Nikiforov, thiab lwm yam. Muaj kev ntseeg ntawm cov neeg hais tias ib tug me nyuam yuav muaj zog thiab noj qab nyob zoo yog hais tias nws tau muab lub npe denoting lub npe ntawm ib tug tsiaj, tsob ntoo los yog noog. Ntxiv qhov xaus "-ov" tsim lub npe thib ob. Cov npe nruab nrab no feem ntau txhais ua Lavxias, tsim cov npe Lavxias tshiab, zoo ib yam hauv lub ntsiab lus rau Chuvash sawv daws yuav. Piv txwv:
Yuman (oak) - Yumanov, Dubov; Kurak (rook) - Kurakov, Grachev; Kashkar (hma) - Kashkarov, Volkov; Kartash (ruff) - Kartashov, Ershov. Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm Chuvash cov npe ntawm hom no piav qhia qhov tseeb tias nyob rau hauv tib genus tej zaum yuav muaj cov txheeb ze ntawm Kartashovs nyob ib sab ntawm Ershovs, Yumanovs nrog Dubovs, thiab lwm yam.
Christianity and surnames
Tom qab kev saws me nyuam ntawm Orthodoxy thaum lub sij hawm ua kev cai raus dej, Chuvash tau txais ib lub npe Orthodox tshiab thiab lub xeem, uas feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm leej txiv lub npe thiab tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug patronymic: leej txiv - Nikita Ivanov, tus tub. Foma Nikitin, tub xeeb ntxwv Alexei Fomin. Xws li lub npe qhia tsis meej pem hauv kev ua haujlwm,Tom qab ntawd tsoomfwv Lavxias tau tshaj tawm txoj cai lij choj uas yuav tsum hnav lub xeem lub npe, uas yuav raug xa mus rau cov menyuam yaus ntawm leej txiv. Tom qab ntawd cov npe pib tshwm sim, hloov pauv nrog kev pab los ntawm qhov xaus, los ntawm lub npe menyuam yaus, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm, tus cwj pwm zoo thiab qhov tsos. Feem ntau ib tug neeg muaj ob lub npe - ib tug qub pagan nyob rau hauv lub neej niaj hnub, thiab ib tug tshiab, nrog rau lub xeem, rau official ntaub ntawv.
Chuvash lossis Lavxias lub npe?
Ntawm Chuvash thiab Russians, feem ntau ntawm cov npe yog tsim los ntawm qhov kawg "-ov" lossis "-ova" rau cov poj niam. Cov lus tsim no tau txais ntawm cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm Chuvash - Bulgarians. Tom qab kev koom ua ke ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Volga Bulgars mus rau hauv lub xeev Lavxias, muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev coj noj coj ua ntawm cov neeg sib txawv. Ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv tebchaws Lavxias tau tuaj ua haujlwm hauv Chuvashia, coj kev coj noj coj ua ntawm thaj av no. Nyob rau hauv lem, cov Chuvash tau los ua cov ntseeg, hloov lawv lub npe thiab Chuvash surnames mus rau Lavxias teb sab txoj kev. Cov npe ntawm cov npe, nrog cov qauv tsim rau Russians thiab Chuvashs, nrog rau cov Bulgarians, muaj 70% ntawm cov npe pib nrog "-ov" thiab "-ev". Lawv tau tsim los ntawm cov npe ntawm cov txiv los yog los ntawm txoj haujlwm. Ib feem tseem ceeb kuj yog ua los ntawm cov npe nrog qhov xaus "-n" lossis "-yaykin". Cov npe Chuvash yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev siv petting-diminutive declension. Yog li cov Mishaikins, Vanyutkins, Kolyunins. Abaskins, Chindyaykins, Samardeykins - kuj los ntawm cheeb tsam Chuvash.
Cov npe nrov tshaj plaws Chuvash: daim ntawv teev cov tsiaj ntawv
Nws yog qhov nyuaj heev kom paub qhov txawv ntawm lub xeem uas lub xeem yog cov hauv paus hniav Chuvash. keeb kwmcov xwm txheej, lub sij hawm thaum lub xeem lub xeem yuav raug hloov ntawm lub siab nyiam, coj mus rau qhov tseeb hais tias tam sim no 99% ntawm cov Chuvash muaj Christian lub npe thiab lub xeem lub npe. Thiab feem ntau yog Ivanov, Petrov, Mikhailov. Cov npe luv luv hauv qab no suav nrog cov npe nrov tshaj plaws, uas, raws li cov lus qhia, muaj keeb kwm Bulgar. Qhov no, deb ntawm kev ua tiav, yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv lawv lub npe.
- Abashev.
- Abdulov.
- Agishev.
- Aksakov.
- pob zeb diamond.
- Babichev.
- Bazhov.
- Bazarov.
- Baklanov.
- Baranov.
- Velyaminov.
- Vedernikov.
- Garshin.
- Glinsky.
- Davydov..
- Teeb.
- Zyuzin.
- Karamzin.
- Karmyshev.
- Karacheev.
- Mosolov.
- Muratov.
- Stroganov.
- Suvorov.
- Temirov.
- Tenishev.
- Chekmarev.
- Chemesov.
YAdashev.
YAnichkov.
YArseniev.
Yermolov
YZhdanov.
Yakushin Yakushin
Yaushev Yaushev
