Croatian lub npe: kev faib tawm, tsim, kev hais lus

Cov txheej txheem:

Croatian lub npe: kev faib tawm, tsim, kev hais lus
Croatian lub npe: kev faib tawm, tsim, kev hais lus

Video: Croatian lub npe: kev faib tawm, tsim, kev hais lus

Video: Croatian lub npe: kev faib tawm, tsim, kev hais lus
Video: Nkauj Ntseeg Tawm Tshiab 2023 | "Vajtswv Lub Siab Zoo Tshaj Plaws" 2024, Tej zaum
Anonim

Croats, Serbs, Bosniaks, Macedonians, Montenegrins - Balkan Slavs, uas ib zaug tsim ib lub teb chaws loj hu ua Yugoslavia. Cov neeg no, sib cais los ntawm ib leeg mus rau ntau lub tebchaws, muaj cov xwm txheej keeb kwm yav dhau los, thaj chaw nyob sib ze, ntau yam hauv kab lis kev cai thiab kev coj noj coj ua. Txawm hais tias muaj kev ntseeg sib txawv, Serbian, Bosnian thiab Croatian lub npe feem ntau nyuaj rau kev paub qhov txawv ntawm kev koom tes.

leej twg yog Croats

Croats yog Slavic pab pawg neeg uas nyob rau hauv lub Balkans nyob ib ncig ntawm lub xyoo pua 7th, tom qab lub vau ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman. Nco ntsoov tias lawv tuaj ntawm Galicia. Hauv lawv cov qauv caj ces, Croats muaj feem xyuam nrog cov Slavs thiab North Germans, lossis Goths. Croatian pab pawg tau muab faib ua dawb, dub thiab liab Croats. Cov neeg dawb yog cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm Galicia (Western Ukraine), cov neeg dub (Czech Croats) tuaj ntawm Moravia thiab Slovenia. Liab Croatia hu ua thaj tsam ntawm Dalmatia niaj hnub no thiab qee qhovthaj chaw nyob ze Albania, Bosnia thiab Herzegovina. Cov neeg feem coob ntawm cov haiv neeg no nyob hauv qhov tam sim no Croatia. Croatian lub xeem kuj muaj feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov qub koom pheej ntawm Yugoslavia, nyob rau hauv Ukraine, lub Czech koom pheej, Romania, Poland, Hungary. Cov pab pawg me ntawm Croats tuaj yeem pom nyob hauv ntau qhov chaw hauv ntiaj teb.

Croatian cov npe
Croatian cov npe

Pre-Christian npe

Ancient pab pawg - cov yawg koob ntawm Croats - yog pagans, zoo li txhua tus Slavs. Lub npe ntawm lub npe ntawm cov Slavs tau muab qhov tseem ceeb heev. Nws tau ntseeg tias lub npe muab rau tus neeg zoo uas nws nqa hauv nws tus kheej. Yog, qhov no yog li cas nws nyob rau niaj hnub no: "Txawm li cas los koj hu lub nkoj, yog li ntawd nws yuav ntab." Croatian lub npe, zoo li cov neeg ntawm lwm haiv neeg, tsuas yog tshwm sim nrog qhov xav tau los sau cov pej xeem. Ib qho kev ntseeg nthuav tau tshwm sim ntawm cov pab pawg neeg pagan hais txog kev sau npe. Heev feem ntau, ib tug mus tas li lub npe tau muab rau ib tug me nyuam thaum nws twb loj hlob tuaj, thiab nws cov cwj pwm zoo thiab inclinations tau meej, ces lawv hu ua nws Slavko (glorious), Goran (txiv neej-roob), Vedrana (funny). Cov ntxhais feem ntau tau muab cov npe ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab paj. Yog li ntawm Croatians, lub npe Cherry, Yagoda, Elka tsis yog qhov txawv. Ua ntej tau txais lub npe ruaj khov, txhawm rau zais tus menyuam los ntawm dab phem, nws tsuas yog hu ua Naida, Momche (tub) lossis muab lub npe ntxim nyiam rau tsiaj, npua, piv txwv li (Goose).

lus nyob rau hauv Croatian lub npe
lus nyob rau hauv Croatian lub npe

Kev ntseeg thiab lub xeem

Qhov yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov npe rau lub npe tau tshwm sim ntawm cov Slavs nrog kev coj los ntawm cov ntseeg Vajtswv, raws li cov ntaub ntawv tau uachurch phau ntawv yug, tuag, pej xeem censuses. Croatian cov npe thiab lub xeem lub npe ua ib lub npe tag nrho ntawm tus neeg. Patronymics, zoo li cov neeg Serbs, tsis tau txais. Qhov tseeb, feem ntau ntawm cov thawj lub npe yog cov hloov npe ntawm cov txiv, uas tom qab pib tau dhau los ntawm genus. Hom lub npe no zoo ib yam li cov neeg nyob sab hnub tuaj Slavs: Petrovich, Markovich, Yakovich.

Cov npe ntawm Croatian lub npe

Cov npe tau los ntawm lub npe ntawm leej txiv lossis txoj haujlwm, nrog rau qhov xaus -ich, tuav thawj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov neeg Serbs, thiab tsuas yog thib ob ntawm Croats. Kev hais lus ntawm Croatian lub xeem, nrog rau cov neeg Serbian ntawm hom no, xyaum tsis txawv, vim lawv muaj ib hom lus - Serbo-Croatian. Kovacevic, Vukovich, Shumanovich - daim ntawv no kuj muaj ntau ntawm Poles thiab Western Ukrainians. Yog li, hauv cov cheeb tsam no, feem ntau cov neeg hauv nroog thiab cov tub lag luam hu lawv tus kheej. Cov neeg Lavxias uas muaj qhov xaus zoo sib xws tsim cov neeg nyiam, tab sis qhov kev ntxhov siab hauv Croatian lub npe, tsis zoo li Lavxias teb sab patronymics, yog nyob rau thawj lub suab nyob rau hauv feem ntau, los yog nyob rau peb ntawm qhov kawg rau cov npe ntev.

pronunciation ntawm Croatian lub npe
pronunciation ntawm Croatian lub npe

Npaj npe nrov

Tsis txawv los ntawm kev coj ncaj ncees, lub npe Horvath coj cov npe ntawm ntau tshaj plaws. Qhov thib ob nrov tshaj plaws Croatian lub xeem nrog xaus yog ich, ntawm uas lub primacy belongs rau Kovacevics. Qhov no yog ua raws li cov npe nrog qhov xaus -a k: Novak, Dvorak, thiab tsim los ntawm lub npe diminutive ntawm leej txiv nrog qhov xaus - ik Yurek, Michalek. Tom ntej no hauv cov npe nrov yog tsev neeg xaus - uk: Tarbuk, Biyuk. Tsawg duapawg - rts, -nts, -ar, -sh (Khvarts, Rybar, Dragos). Muaj cov npe sib txawv uas tshwj xeeb rau qee thaj tsam lossis uas ua rau ob lub hauv paus ua ke (Krivoshia, Belivuk). Kuj tseem muaj Oreshanin, Grachanin, Tsvetanin hauv Croatia. Cov npe uas muaj qhov xaus no muaj txog 5 txhiab tus neeg nyob hauv lub tebchaws.

Croatian npe thiab lub xeem
Croatian npe thiab lub xeem

geography hauv lub xeem

Croatian anthroponymic kws tshwj xeeb tau ua txoj haujlwm loj ntawm kev piav qhia lub npe ntawm lawv thaj av. Kev tshawb fawb ua haujlwm ntawm cov ncauj lus no piav qhia tsis tsuas yog hais tias Croatian lub npe hu li cas, lawv tau tsim li cas thiab lawv txhais li cas. Cov kws paub lus Askiv tau sau thiab txheeb xyuas qhov ntau ntawm lawv cov npe haiv neeg los ntawm cheeb tsam ntawm Croatia thiab dhau mus. Paub txog cov qauv no, nws muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab kwv yees li ntawm thaj chaw twg cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm ib hom lossis lwm qhov keeb kwm. Yog li, feem ntau lub npe Horvath, nws hloov tawm, yog nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm ib tug me me sab qaum teb thaj chaw uas ib zaug koom rau Austria-Hungary, thaj, ib zaug neeg txawv teb chaws hu ua haiv neeg txoj kev.

Muaj ntau tus Croats hauv Gorny Kotar, hauv cov cheeb tsam no tseem muaj cov npe coob tshaj plaws ntawm pawg - k, -ets, -ats, -sh. Nyob rau hauv Slavonia, cov ntaub ntawv -ich, -atz predominate. Dalmatia muaj cov npe hauv cheeb tsam, nrog qhov kawg - itza (Kusturica, Pavlitsa, Cinnamon).

yuav ua li cas hais croatian lub npe
yuav ua li cas hais croatian lub npe

Ntau tus neeg tseem ceeb hauv Croatian tau qhuas cov npe ntawm lawv cov poj koob yawm txwv thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Thawj ntawm lawv yog tus naas ej geography thiab traveler Marco Polo. Tsim lub parachute Faust Vrancic, "Kev xav ntawm ntujPhilosophy" tau muab tso ua ke los ntawm physicist, lej thiab astronomer Rudzher Boskovic, cov txheej txheem ntiv tes tau qhia rau lub ntiaj teb los ntawm Ivan Vucechich. Paub thoob plaws lub teb chaws yog tus kws kes duab vajtse thiab sculptor Juraj Dalmatinets, tus kws kos duab Yuliv Klovich, tus nom tswv Josef Broz Tito, thiab physicist Nikolai Tesla. Nov tsuas yog ib daim ntawv teev npe me me ntawm cov tsev neeg Croatian nto moo uas tau ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txhim kho keeb kwm ntiaj teb.

Pom zoo: