Tus kws sau ntawv Sergei Vladimirovich Mikhalkov: biography, tej hauj lwm thiab paj huam rau cov me nyuam

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:06

Undoubtedly, Sergei Vladimirovich Mikhalkov, txawm nyob rau hauv lub zenith ntawm nws ua hauj lwm, tau txais txoj cai hu ua yawg suab ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv. Qhov tsuas yog qhov tseeb tias nws yog tus sau ntawm ob Soviet (1943, 1977) thiab tom qab Lavxias teb sab (2001) zaj nkauj ib zaug ua pov thawj tias yuav tsum tau ua kom nws lub npe nyob hauv Guinness Phau Ntawv Cov Ntaub Ntawv. Nws paub tsis tsuas yog ib tug kws sau paj huam, tab sis kuj yog ib tug playwright, screenwriter thiab fabulist.

Mikhalkov Sergey Vladimirovich, nws phau ntawv keeb kwm luv luv muaj ntau yam nthuav thiab zoo kawg li, los ntawm tsev neeg Lavxias thaum ub. Nws pedigree yog tshwj xeeb. Leej Txiv - Vladimir Alexandrovich Mikhalkov - yog ib tug kawm tiav ntawm txoj cai kws qhia ntawv ntawm Moscow State University. Nws yog ib tug txiv neej kev ntseeg thiab npaj txhij txhua lub sijhawm los tiv thaiv nws haiv neeg Fatherland.

Tus kws sau paj huam niam, Olga Mikhailovna Glebova, yog tus ntxhais ntawm lub nroog marshal ntawm nobility.

Biography

Sergey Vladimirovich Mikhalkov yug rau lub Peb Hlis 13, 1913 hauv Lavxias.peev.

Qhov kev ntshaw rau kev txheeb xyuas tau tshwm sim thaum nws thaum yau. Twb tau thaum muaj cuaj xyoos, tus sau yav tom ntej ntawm Soviet anthem pib sau paj huam thiab sau rau hauv ntawv. Leej txiv txhawb nqa nws tus tub txoj haujlwm thiab txawm qhia nws tej hauj lwm rau tus kws sau paj huam A. Bezymensky.

Tsis ntev cov tsev neeg Mikhalkov tsiv ntawm Moscow mus rau Pyatigorsk. Tus kws sau paj huam txiv tau muab ib qho chaw hauv Terselkredsoyuz. Sergey Vladimirovich Mikhalkov nws tus kheej tau hais tias qhov kev txav mus rau qhov chaw nyob tshiab kuj tau txuas nrog qhov tseeb tias Vladimir Alexandrovich tsis xav "ua rau lub qhov muag" ntawm cov tub ceev xwm Soviet ib zaug ntxiv. Tom qab Pyatigorsk, tus kws sau paj huam thiab nws tsev neeg nyob rau qee lub sijhawm hauv Georgievsk.

pib ntawm txoj kev muaj tswv yim

Mikhalkov tau luam tawm nws thawj phau ntawv hauv xyoo 1928 hauv Rostov luam tawm ib tsab On the Rise.

Zaj paj huam hu ua "Txoj Kev". Tsis ntev no tus kws sau paj lug tau los ua ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Terek Association of Proletarian Writers (TAPP) thiab nws cov ntawv nyeem tau tshaj tawm hauv Pyatigorsk cov ntawv xov xwm Terek.

xyooj hluas

Xyoo 1930, tom qab kawm ntawv, Sergei Vladimirovich Mikhalkov rov qab mus rau Moscow. Nws tau txais ib txoj hauj lwm ua ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib lub zos weaving thiab finishing factories. Tom qab ntawd nws sim nws tus kheej ua tus saib xyuas me me ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav geological ntoj ke mus kawm ntawm Leningrad Geodetic Institute hauv Altai. Ces tus kws sau paj lug pib mus xyuas lub Volga thiab sab hnub tuaj Kazakhstan. Tom qab ib co sij hawm, nws twb yog ib tug freelancer nyob rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm cov ntawv department."Xov xwm". Yog li ntawd, thaum nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm tus kheej-realization, Sergei Vladimirovich Mikhalkov, uas nws tej hauj lwm twb paub los ntawm yuav luag txhua txhua Soviet schoolboy, mam li nco dheev pib paub hais tias nws tiag tiag txoj hauj lwm yog versification.

Kev lees paub thiab koob meej

Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, tus kws sau paj lug Moscow tau paub rau ntau tus neeg nyeem Soviet. Thiab tag nrho vim hais tias Mikhalkov cov hauj lwm tau pib tsis tu ncua tso rau ntawm nplooj ntawv xov xwm hauv nroog thiab cov ntawv xov xwm, thiab lawv kuj tau tshaj tawm hauv xov tooj cua.

Yog li, Pioneer magazine, Komsomolskaya Pravda thiab Izvestia cov ntawv xov xwm yog thawj zaug luam tawm nws cov paj huam tsis txawj tuag: "Koj muaj dab tsi?", "Txiv ntxawm Styopa", "Peb Citizen", "Stubborn Foma" thiab lwm yam. Qhov no yog dab tsi Sergey Vladimirovich Mikhalkov los ua nto moo rau. Nws paub sau paj huam rau me nyuam zoo li tsis muaj lwm tus.

Nyob rau lub sijhawm xyoo 1935 txog 1937, tus kws sau paj lug yog ib tug menyuam kawm ntawv ntawm M. Gorky Literary Institute. Tom qab ntawd nws tau los ua ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Pawg Neeg Sau Ntawv thiab raug yuam kom tawm ntawm nws tus txiv laus.

Xyoo 1936, nyob rau hauv cov yeeb yam "Library "Spark", qhov chaw uas nws yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub koom haum ntawm cov tub ntxhais sau ntawv, nws debut collection "Poems for Children" raug tso tawm. Lawm, tom qab ntawd, txhua tus menyuam yaus ntawm lub tebchaws ntawm Soviets pom tias leej twg yog Sergei Vladimirovich Mikhalkov. "Cov paj huam rau cov me nyuam" nws tig tawm mus ua capacious, dynamic thiab qhia. Lawv tus nqi nteg nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias lub hauv paus ntawm cov me nyuam txoj kev loj hlob tau nthuav tawm "tsis ncaj", tab sis tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, suav nrog kev xav ntawm tus menyuam.

Zaj dab neeg nto moo "Lub Peb Tus Npua" (1936) kuj yog los ntawm Peru, yawg suab ntawm Lavxias cov ntaub ntawv.

Sergey Vladimirovich nkag mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm cov me nyuam cov ntaub ntawv kev ntseeg siab thiab yeej. Nws txoj kev ncig ntawm cov phau ntawv tsis ntev los no nyob rau hauv tsis muaj txoj kev tsis zoo rau kev ncig ntawm Chukovsky thiab Marshak eminent. Cov neeg ua yeeb yam hauv Soviet nto moo Rina Zelenaya thiab Igor Ilyinsky ua Mikhalkov cov haujlwm hauv xov tooj cua zoo siab.

Tus kws sau paj lug txij thaum pib ntawm nws txoj hauj lwm tau koom nrog kev txhais lus ntawm menyuam yaus cov paj huam, uas zoo ib yam li cov khoom qub.

Xyoo 1939, Sergei Vladimirovich rau kev ua haujlwm "Svetlana" luam tawm ua ntej hauv cov ntawv xov xwm "Izvestia" tau txais tej zaum qhov khoom plig siab tshaj - Kev Txiav Txim ntawm Lenin. Ib xyoos tom qab, nws tau txais khoom plig Stalin. Mikhalkov Sergey Vladimirovich tuaj yeem kov yeej dua. Cov paj huam rau cov menyuam yaus, uas nws tau sau, yog rau saj txawm tias cov thawj coj hauv Soviet. Ces tus kws sau paj lug yuav rov tau txais Stalin nqi zog, tab sis lub sij hawm no rau kev sau tsab ntawv rau zaj duab xis "Front-line Friends".

Thaum kawg ntawm 30s, Mikhalkov tau koom nrog cov tub rog Soviet thiab koom nrog kev ywj pheej ntawm Western Ukraine. Tag nrho lub sij hawm ntawm kev sib ntaus tawm tsam fascism, nws ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug tsov rog correspondent.

nkauj kho siab

Sergey Vladimirovich hauv xyoo 1943, koom tes nrog cov neeg sau xov xwm Georgy El-Registan, tuaj nrog cov lus ntawm USSR anthem, uas yog thawj zaug ua si rau lub xyoo tshiab Eve. Tom qab 34 xyoo, nws yuav sau qhov thib ob tsab ntawm "lub ntsiab song" ntawm lub teb chaws ntawm lub Soviets, thiab twb nyob rau hauv 2001 nws yuav nthuav cov ntawv nyeem ntawm Lavxias teb sab anthem.

Fabler

Ib tus kws tshaj lij ntawm Lavxias cov ntaub ntawv A. Tolstoy tau hais rau Mikhalkov lub tswv yim sim nws tus kheej ua ib tug fabulist.

Thiab twb yog thawj cov haujlwm ntawm Sergei Vladimirovich tuaj rau nws nyiam. "Pravda" thawj zaug luam tawm zaj dab neeg "Tus Hma liab thiab tus Beaver", thiab tom qab me ntsis - "Lub Hare nyob rau hauv lub Hop", "Ob tug phooj ywg" thiab "Tam sim no Kho". Mikhalkov sau tag nrho txog ob puas zaj dab neeg.

Sergey Vladimirovich tau qhia nws lub peev xwm sau ntawv ua yeeb yam rau menyuam yaus ua yeeb yam. Los ntawm tus cwj mem ntawm maestro tuaj xws li nto moo tej hauj lwm xws li "Tshwj xeeb Assignment" (1945), "Red Tie" (1946), "Kuv xav mus tsev" (1949). Tsis tas li ntawd, Mikhalkov yog tus sau ntau cov ntawv rau cov yeeb yaj kiab animated.

Regalia

Muaj peev xwm sau tau lub regalia ntawm ib tug naas ej menyuam sau ntawv ntev heev. Raws li twb tau hais tseg lawm, nws tau txais txiaj ntsig Orders of Lenin, Stalin Prize. Nyob rau hauv 1973 nws twb muab tsub lub title ntawm Hero ntawm Socialist Labor. Sergei Vladimirovich tau rov ua ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm ntawm lub Xeev nqi zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws sau paj huam muaj Order of the October Revolution, Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree, Order of Friendship of People, Order of Honor, Order of the Red Banner of Labor thiab ntau yam khoom plig.

Lub neej ntiag tug

Xyoo 1936, cov tub ntxhais hluas Mikhalkov tau koom nrog tus ntxhais xeeb ntxwv ntawm tus kws kos duab nto moo Vasily Surikov, Natalya Petrovna Konchalovskaya, uas yog 10 xyoo laus dua nws xaiv.

Ua ntej ntsib nws, nws twb muaj qee qhov kev paub ntawm tsev neeg lub neej:Yav dhau los, tus kws sau paj huam yog tus poj niam ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas kev txawj ntse Alexei Bogdanov. Yuav nws, Konchalovskaya yug tau ib tug ntxhais, Ekaterina, uas tom qab tau txais los ntawm Sergei Vladimirovich. Tus kws sau paj huam thiab Natalya Petrovna tau zoo siab ua ke rau lub sijhawm ntev, tau nyob rau 53 xyoo. Ua ntej, lawv tus tub Andrei yug los, thiab tom qab ntawd lawv tus tub Nikita. Cov me nyuam ntawm Sergei Vladimirovich Mikhalkov los ua neeg nto moo los ntawm kev xaiv ib tug directing hauj lwm. Tus ntxhais Ekaterina tau los ua tus poj niam ntawm tus kws sau ntawv nto moo Julian Semenov.

Tus kws sau paj lug tau tas sim neej thaum lub Yim Hli 27, 2009, tau nyob tau 96 xyoo. Cov kws kho mob hais tias Mikhalkov muaj pulmonary edema. Patriarch ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv tau faus rau ntawm lub toj ntxas Novodevichy ntawm lub peev.