Kerch City Tsev khaws puav pheej… oh tsis yog, lub nroog hero ntawm Kerch nyob rau ntawm Crimean ceg av qab teb thiab txaus siab zaum ntawm ob lub hiav txwv: Azov thiab Dub. Thov kom tus nyeem ntawv zam txim rau qhov tsis txaus siab typo, qhov tseeb yog tias Kerch yog ib lub nroog qub tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, nws muaj ntau dua 26 centuries. Thiab yog vim li cas thiaj muaj ntau yam khoom qub txeeg qub teg hauv nws uas cov neeg ntawm Kerch ntseeg tau tias lawv nyob hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej qhib huab cua thaum ub.
Kuv mam qhia koj txog Kerch
Nymphea, Korchev, Cherkio, Charshi, Vosporo, Panticapaeum, Bosporus yog cov npe nrov tshaj plaws ntawm Kerch. Thiab muaj pes tsawg lub npe lub nroog muaj rau ntau tshaj 2,600 xyoo, tsuas yog nws paub - cov plaub hau grey, txawj ntse, twb pom lub nroog. Hmoov zoo, "tus txiv neej laus" no tsis poob rau hauv kev vwm thiab nco txog txhua yam, cov pov thawj ntawm qhov no yog cov tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Kerch.
Lub xyoo tsim lub nroog tsis paub leej twg, ntseeg tias xyoo 2000 nws muaj 2,600 xyoo. Qhov chaw ntawm lub nroog yog xws li hais tias nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm tag nrho cov kev coj tsis tau tsuas yog rau Rome, tab sis kuj mus rau Kerch: nws yog nyob rau hauv lub crossroads ntawm cov teb chaws Europe, Asia, lub Mediterranean thiab Tuam Tshoj. Nov yog lub nroog 5 chaw nres nkoj!
Thiab nws yog ib qho ntuj tsim zoo li ntawdntau haiv neeg xav kom muaj qhov chaw qab zib thiab sov so. Leej twg tsis nyob ntawm no: cov Greeks thaum ub, thiab cov Scythians nrog cov Sarmatians, thiab cov barbarians, thiab cov Polovtsy, thiab cov Turkic Kaganate. Tom qab ntawd, cov neeg Italians kuj tuaj ntawm no, tawm hauv lawv cov xeeb ntxwv (tseem muaj cov zej zog Italian hauv Kerch, cov neeg sawv cev tau khaws lawv lub npe, kab lis kev cai thiab lus), Huns los ntawm Ancient Tuam Tshoj, Nazi invaders, thiab hauv keeb kwm tsis ntev los no, raws li peb. muaj lub sijhawm los soj ntsuam, tsis yog txhua yam yog du. Lub nroog tsis muaj neeg txawv teb chaws.
Kuv mam qhia koj
Lub hnub nyoog ntawm lub nroog yog venerable thiab yog li ntawd cov qub txeeg qub tes tau pom nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, thiab excavations tau ua los ntawm lub sij hawm mus rau lub sij hawm rau ntau xyoo: Panticapaeum, Mermicium, vaj ntxwv faus mounds, lub fortresses ntawm Kerch thiab Yenikale, a nrhiav tshiab tsis ntev los no - lub rooj vag Bosporus.
Koj tuaj yeem mus saib cov duab kos duab thiab tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Kerch: keeb kwm thiab keeb kwm keeb kwm thiab keeb kwm ntawm Eltigen tsaws, haiv neeg, dej hiav txwv thiab nuv ntses. Thiab tsuas yog taug kev nyob ib ncig ntawm lub nroog muaj nqis heev: koj mus, thiab koj xav tias txoj cai ntawm koj daim tawv nqaij uas koj tab tom taug kev los ntawm keeb kwm muaj sia nyob. Qhov no yog ib qho kev xav tsis txaus ntseeg, zoo li lub zog yog nchuav rau hauv koj, vim tias koj xav tias zoo li ib feem ntawm nws, kev sib koom siab nrog nws. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb thaum koj nce Mount Mithridates.
Muaj lwm qhov chaw hauv Kerch uas txhawb nqa lub zog ntawm ib tug neeg - qhov no yog lub Koom Txoos ntawm Yauhas tus neeg ua kev cai raus dej, uas nyob ze ntawm Mithridates. Ib lub tuam tsev qub tshaj plaws nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb, thiab nws tseem ua haujlwm. Lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj tau muab tso rau hauv lub xyoo pua 1st nrog kev foom koob hmoov ntawm Andrew tus Thawj Hu, thiab ua tiav nyob rau hauv lub 8th. Nws, zoo li lub nroog, rau lub sijhawmntawm nws lub neej, hloov cov tswv, yog ib lub tsev teev ntuj Orthodox, tom qab ntawd ib lub mosque, txij li xyoo 1774 nws yog dua Orthodox. Tib lub pob zeb los ntawm lub xyoo pua 1st tseem nyob hauv lub tuam tsev, thiab hauv qab lub dome muaj frescos uas tau pleev xim los ntawm Theophanes cov thwj tim Greek.
Raws li cua daj cua dub hla lub nroog, npog ib nrab saum ntuj ib zaug
Cov neeg ua haujlwm sib haum xeeb tau nyob hauv Kerch txij thaum ub: lawv tau koom nrog nuv ntses thiab ua liaj ua teb. Panticapaeum yog lub ntsiab granary ntawm ancient Greece. Cov kws tshawb fawb thiab cov kws tshawb fawb tau nyob ntawm no, xws li Difil Bosporite, Smikr, Straton, Anarchis thiab Sfer Bosporus. Metallurgists thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm hlau, cov neeg ua haujlwm nyuaj thiab cov neeg tsav nkoj muaj koob meej nyob thiab ua haujlwm ntawm no. Shipbuilding, zus tau tej cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev, tais diav, kaus poom ntses, thiab xaws yog tsim los ntawm no.
Qhov zoo uas sib sau ua ke cov neeg uas tau nyob hauv Kerch yog lub siab tawv, muaj zog thiab muaj peev xwm zoo kawg nkaus uas tsis txhob tso tseg rau leej twg. Cov yeeb ncuab ntawm Kerch tsis tau coj qhov tseeb no rau hauv tus account, zoo, yog li lawv yuav tsum ua! Los ntawm kev tawm tsam thaum ntxov ntawm cov pab pawg neeg nomadic mus rau xyoo kawg ntawm keeb kwm niaj hnub no, cov neeg ntawm Kerch yeej tsis poob siab. Lawv ib txwm muab ib tug tsim nyog rebuff rau cov yeeb ncuab phem tshaj plaws. Tom qab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub Soviet Union, Kerch lub neej poob rau hauv kev tsaus ntuj nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus, lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws factories nres, thiab nyob rau hauv txoj kev cov tub rog tua ib leeg nyob rau hauv ib tug kaj kaj lug, thiab stray mos txwv ntaus random passers- los ntawm. Kev poob haujlwm thiab kev tsis txaus ntawm cov dej tshiab tau txeeb lub nroog, tab sis tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam cov neeg ntawm Kerch.
Txhua lub sijhawm, ob lub Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog Zaum Ob thiab lub sijhawm tom qab lub sijhawm perestroika, cov neeg ntawm Kerch tuaj yeem khaws lawv cov cuab yeej cuab tam, thiab kev nplua nuj ntawm Kerch lub tsev khaws puav pheej tsis raug kev txom nyem. Lub nroog rightfully bears nws lub npe txaus siabhero, vim li koj paub, tsis muaj chaw ua rau ib tug neeg zoo nkauj.
Muaj ib zaug muaj Mithridates nyob, tus tswv ntawm ob hiav txwv
Ib tus neeg nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm Kerch yog, tau kawg, Mithridates VI Evpator. Nws txiv, King Mithridates V Euergetes, raug tshuaj lom los ntawm cov txheeb ze vim yog kev koom tes. Tsis xav tias tus qub txeeg qub teg ntawm huab tais tuag muaj kev ntshai rov ua dua txoj hmoo ntawm nws txiv. Nws zoo heev uas nws hloov mus ua kev ntxhov siab, thiab Mithridates VI tau pib ua kom lub cev tawv nrog txhua yam tshuaj lom uas muaj nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Nws pib haus lawv hauv qhov me me, maj mam nce cov koob tshuaj txhawm rau txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob lom. Tsis txhob sim qhov kev dag no, tsis muaj leej twg ua tiav!
Mithridates Evpator tsis yog tsuas yog ib tus tub rog tawv xwb, tab sis kuj yog tus sau zoo nkauj: nws tau sau cov pob zeb zoo nkauj zoo nkauj thoob ntiaj teb. Qee tus ntawm lawv tau khaws cia hauv Kerch Archaeological Tsev khaws puav pheej-Reserve, tab sis thaum Tsov Rog Crimean lawv raug coj mus rau Tebchaws Askiv, thiab los ntawm qhov ntawd lawv tsis tau rov qab los rau lawv lub tebchaws. Nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm tus huab tais loj, lawv tis lub roob uas lub nroog ntawm Panticapaeum nyob, qhov chaw uas nws tuag, thiab muab lub npe rau lwm lub nroog Crimean - Evpatoria.
Thiab Demeter nyob ze
Kerch tau nyob tsis yog los ntawm cov vajntxwv uas muaj koob meej nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj yog los ntawm qee tus vajtswv. Ib tug vajtswv poj niam uas muaj zog ntawm Olympus - Demeter - poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog Kerch thiab muab cov av uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub nroog nrog fertility, uas cov inhabitants tau ua tsaug rau xws li ib tug khoom plig thiab txaus siab rau lub siab nyiam ntawm xws li ib tug tseem ceeb. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 1 AD, tau tsim ib tug zoo nkauj burial crypt, nyob rau hauv uas ib tug neeg nyob hauv lub nroog raug faus.
In 1895qhov crypt no tau pom los ntawm kev sib tsoo. Qhia, nws tsis tau plundered, thiab tag nrho cov nplua nuj decorations, qhov seem thiab sarcophagus ntawm ib tug poj niam noble, nrog rau cov frescoes nrog lub ntsej muag ntawm Demeter, tau zoo kawg nkaus khaws cia los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm lub discovery. Tab sis sai li sai tau thaum lub crypt tau qhib thiab kev tshawb fawb pib sab hauv, qhov seem ntawm tus poj niam tig mus rau hauv plua plav, thiab los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog huab cua, cov frescoes pib sai sai tig daj ntseg, thiab cov duab pib ploj mus. Yog li ntawd, xyoo 1908, cov frescoes tau luam tawm raws nraim kom qhov no masterpiece yuav tsis ploj tag.
Hnub no, tus thawj crypt raug kaw rau pej xeem, tab sis ntawm ko taw ntawm Mount Mithridates, xyoo 1998, ib daim qauv ntawm cov crypt no tau tsim. Cov qauv thev naus laus zis ntawm crypt ntawm Demeter belongs rau Kerch Archaeological Tsev khaws puav pheej, thiab txhua tus tuaj yeem qhuas nws.
Muaj tsaws rau Kamysh-Burun, tau tsaws rau Adzhimushkay
Muaj cov tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Kerch, los ntawm kev mus saib uas cov ntshav khiav txias. Cov no yog Starokaraninsky thiab Adzhimushkaysky quarries. Lawv ua si tawm lub sijhawm tragic tshaj plaws ntawm cov tub rog keeb kwm. Lub Starokarantinsky quarries yog nto moo rau qhov tseeb hais tias cov tub ntxhais hluas partisans, uas yog Volodya Dubinin, khaws cia tiv thaiv rau ib nrab xyoo. Nyob rau hauv Adzhimushkay quarries, cov partisans tuav txoj kab rau 170 hnub, thiab ua ke nrog lawv, cov pej xeem nrog cov me nyuam tau nqis los rau hauv av garrison. Lawv tsis nkaum ntawm cov neeg German nyob ntawd, tab sis tau tawm tsam!
yeej paub zoo tias poj niam thiab me nyuam nyob ntawd.
“Qhov no tsis tau muaj dua li. Tsis nco qab!
Nco lub siab kom sai li sai tau, Yuav ua li cas cov me nyuam tsis taus, Cling rau niam tuag"
13,000 tus neeg tau nqis mus rau hauv tub ceev xwm, thiab tsuas yog 48 tus neeg tseem ciaj sia. Nyob rau nruab nrab lub Tsib Hlis-Lub Rau Hli, cov paj liab liab tawg rau hauv av ib ncig ntawm cov chaw txua txiag zeb - "lub iab nco txog lub ntiaj teb." Lawv tsis sown rau lub hom phiaj, lawv loj hlob lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Ib qho kev pom zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum koj tawm ntawm cov chaw txua txiag zeb uas koj tau mus ncig thiab mloog tag nrho zaj dab neeg.
koob meej nkag mus yam tsis muaj kev zam
Txhua yam tau hais txog kev ua tub rog lub koob meej ntawm Kerch tau ntev. Thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, tag nrho lub nroog tau sawv tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab. Nws nyuaj siab, zoo li lub sijhawm kawg. Peb vam tias nws yog lub sijhawm kawg. Kev sib ntaus sib tua uas tsis muaj ntshav tau rov tshwm sim dua tom qab ntau pua xyoo ntawm Mount Mithridates.
Cov neeg tuaj saib lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Kerch nyob rau hnub uantej Hnub Yeej, Tsib Hlis 8, muaj sijhawm los koom nrog lub teeb taws. Qhov kev lig kev cai no tau mus rau ntau xyoo lawm, thiab, tsis muaj exaggeration, tag nrho cov inhabitants ntawm lub nroog koom nyob rau hauv nws. Thiab lawv tsis npaj siab yuav tso tseg txoj kev lig kev cai no.
Ib tug neeg dej loj loj uas muaj teeb ci ntsa iab nce cov kauj ruam mus rau Mount Mithridates, tom qab ntawd qhov kev ua yeeb yam tau mob siab rau kev sib ntaus sib tua rau Kerch tos lawv saum lub roob. Txhua xyoo, cov neeg saib tau nthuav tawm zaj dab neeg tshiab raws li cov xwm txheej tiag tiag. Tom qab kev ua yeeb yam, txhua tus neeg saib yuav muaj kev lom zemfoob pob hluav taws. Thiab nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 9, Hnub Yeej, thaum 22 teev tsaus ntuj, kev ua tub rog tiag tiag ua kev zoo siab thunders, zoo li hauv txhua lub nroog hero.
Keep the sun bright hais lus
Oddly txaus, Kerch tsis yog qhov chaw ncig tebchaws classic: tsis muaj tsib lub hnub qub tag nrho cov tsev so nyob ntawm no, kev ncig xyuas tsis tau tsim. Nws yog lub nroog chaw nres nkoj industrial. Tab sis qhov no tsis txhais hais tias cov qhua tsis txais tos ntawm no. Zoo siab kawg li! Kechans yog cov neeg tos txais qhua, lawv muaj ib yam dab tsi los qhia thiab tham txog. Muaj ntau qhov chaw uas koj yuav tsum tau mus xyuas, ntau cov dab neeg uas tsim nyog mloog. Ntawm no yog cov ntug hiav txwv huv huv thiab huv si uas cov neeg ncig tebchaws tsis thawb lawv lub luj tshib.
Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb "Hmo ntuj ntawm Tsev khaws puav pheej" hauv Kerch, 2 lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau qhib kom deb li deb: Lapidarium thiab fortress "Kerch". Tab sis muaj ntau lub tsev khaws puav pheej hauv nroog, thiab nws tus kheej yog lub tsev khaws puav pheej nyob!
