Qhov kev cog lus yog dab tsi? Cov neeg lag luam, los tswj lawv cov dej num, feem ntau siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Thiab nws yog daim ntawv cog lus pom zoo uas yog ib qho ntawm cov txhais tau tias. Yooj yim muab, daim ntawv cog lus no ua tiav qee qhov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb ntawm ob tog thaum lub sijhawm ua lag luam. Peb yuav tshawb nrhiav cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntxiv hauv qab no.
Lub tswv yim ntawm kev ruaj khov
Thawj kauj ruam yog kom nkag siab lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus hauv kev kawm. Hauv cov ntsiab lus yooj yim, qhov kev cog lus ruaj khov yog qhov kev lees paub los ntawm tus muag khoom rau tus neeg yuav khoom los muag cov khoom ntawm qee yam kev mob uas tus neeg muag khoom tau teeb tsa. Cov lus nug tshwm sim: "Yuav ua li cas txawv ntawm kev tshaj tawm zoo tib yam." Qhov txawv yog qhov tseeb nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias ib tug ruaj khov kev pom zoo uas muaj cov kev cai tshwj xeeb thiab tshwj xeeb uas tsim nyog, raws li tus neeg muab khoom, los txhawb kev txaus siab rau koj cov khoom. Piv txwv li, ib qho nqi ntawm cov khoom, ncua sij hawm ntawm kev xa khoom thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv tsim nyog thiab yam.
Tsis tas li, daim ntawv cog lus muab siv uakev tiv thaiv hauv kev faib khoom lag luam ntawm cov tuam txhab muaj txiaj ntsig.
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Cov hom kev muab yog: kev ruaj khov thiab kev pub dawb. Thawj yog cov ntaub ntawv uas qhia txog kev pib muag ib yam khoom los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom mus rau ib tus neeg yuav khoom tshwj xeeb. Cov nqe lus ntawm daim ntawv cog lus ruaj khov sib txawv thiab nyob ntawm qhov kev thov rau cov khoom. Xav tau ntau dua - lub sijhawm luv dua.
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thaum tus neeg yuav khoom pom zoo, nws xa cov lus teb rau hauv kev sau ntawv lossis tus neeg muag khoom, qhov twg nws tus kheej tau qhia, thiab tos cov lus teb. Yog tias tus neeg muag khoom pom zoo nrog cov nqe lus uas tau muab tso rau tom ntej, qhov kev lees paub tau txais nrog sau ntawv ceeb toom ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom. Nyob rau hauv ib qho xwm txheej uas tus neeg muag khoom tsis pom zoo, tsab ntawv ceeb toom raug xa mus rau tus neeg yuav khoom tias tus neeg muag khoom tsis muaj kev lav phib xaub ntawm qhov kev lees paub, lossis daim ntawv cog lus rov hais dua suav nrog txhua qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
Qhov tsis muaj lus teb los ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom hauv ib lub sijhawm yog sib npaug rau qhov tsis lees paub thiab tso tus neeg muag khoom los ntawm cov luag haujlwm ntawm qhov kev thov. Cov khoom tuaj yeem muab rau lwm tus neeg yuav khoom tsuas yog tom qab tsis lees paub qhov dhau los thiab tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ntsiab lus qub.
Kev lag luam yuav raug txiav txim siab tsuas yog tom qab tus neeg yuav khoom pom zoo thiab lees paub qhov kev pom zoo los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom tus neeg muag khoom.
Kev pub dawb yog ib daim ntawv uas muab rau tib yam khoom rau ntau tus neeg yuav khoom lossis cov neeg siv khoom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus muag khoom tsis raug khi los ntawm qhov kev thov thiab lub sijhawm kawg ntawm kev muab lus teb tsis tau teem tseg.
Tab sis tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias koj yuav tsum tsis txhob muab ntau yam zoo sib xwscov ntaub ntawv. Kev xav ntawm kev xav muag cov khoom sai li sai tau yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau leej twg.
Kev pom zoo ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom kev lag luam tau lees paub los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom hais txog cov xwm txheej. Nrog kev pom zoo ntawm tus neeg muag khoom, cov ntaub ntawv raug lees txais thiab xa ntawv ceeb toom rau tus neeg yuav khoom. Daim ntawv cog lus xaus thiab ob tog yuav tsum ua kom tiav tag nrho cov xwm txheej. Ua ntej qhov xaus ntawm daim ntawv cog lus, tus neeg muag khoom muaj cai thim qhov kev thov, yog tias daim ntawv cog lus tsis qhia tias nws tsis tau txais.
A firm offer. Qauv sau ntawv
Tsab ntawv thov yog sau ob qho tib si ntawm kev pib ntawm tus neeg muag khoom thiab teb rau qhov kev thov. Daim ntawv tuaj yeem kos tau ob qho tib si thaum sib tham ntawm ob tog, thiab hauv xov tooj.
Kev xaus ntawm kev sib pauv yog suav tias yog kev lees paub ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab tag nrho cov xwm txheej tau teev tseg. Kev sib txuas lus ntawm ob tog hauv daim ntawv cog lus tuaj yeem tshwm sim txog thaum txiav txim siab zaum kawg.
Tus qauv ntawm qhov kev thov yog sib npaug rau cov qauv uas tau lees txais hauv kev lag luam style.
Cov xwm txheej hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov kev thov
Qhov kev thov yuav tsum ua raws li cov hauv qab no:
- Qhia meej thiab meej ntawm cov nqe lus ntawm kev sib pauv thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm tus neeg muag khoom.
- Yuav tsum muaj ib nqe lus ntawm lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus muag khoom rau tus neeg yuav khoom.
- Cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum muaj: cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev hloov pauv, lub npe thiab tus nqi ntawm cov khoom, cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm ob tog thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv tsim nyog.
- Yuav tsum muaj tus neeg nyob.
- Nws tso cai rau npe hu rau kev yuav khoom ntawm tus nqi tshwj xeeb thiab ruaj khov(Nws muaj peev xwm hais tias tus nqi yuav qhia tau tias "nyob ntawm lub khw").
- Qhia txog txoj cai tshwj xeeb, yog tias nws siv hauv kev tsim daim ntawv cog lus.
Ntse
Txhua qhov kev thov muaj nws tus kheej nuances:
- Tsuas yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab cov xwm txheej yuav tsum muaj nyob hauv cov ntsiab lus.
- Txij thaum tus neeg yuav khoom tau txais qhov kev thov, nws koom nrog tus neeg muag khoom.
- Yog tias tau txais tsab ntawv ceeb toom ntawm kev tshem tawm ua ntej lossis raws sijhawm nrog qhov kev thov, qhov kawg suav tias tsis tau txais.
- Yog tias qhov kev thov tsis qhia qee yam xwm txheej, ces tus neeg nyob tsis tuaj yeem thim cov ntaub ntawv ua ntej hnub kawg rau kev lees paub.
Txais kev thov
Acceptance - teb kom lees txais qhov kev lees paub los ntawm tus neeg tau txais daim ntawv:
- Cov lus teb tsuas tuaj yeem ua tiav thiab tsis nug.
- Kev ntsiag to tsis tuaj yeem lees paub tias yog qhov kev lees paub, tshwj tsis yog thaum nws tau piav qhia los ntawm txoj cai lij choj lossis cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib raug zoo dhau los ntawm ob tog rau daim ntawv cog lus.
- Kev lees txais tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm txhua qhov kev ua haujlwm tau teev tseg hauv daim ntawv cog lus (kev xa khoom ntawm cov khoom, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev pabcuam, kev them nyiaj, thiab lwm yam), nyob rau lub sijhawm tsim los rau kev lees paub, yog tias qhov no tsis cuam tshuam cov lus qhia hauv muab thiab cov cai uas cuam tshuam.
sijhawm siv tau
Lub sijhawm siv tau - lub sijhawm uas tus neeg tau txais daim ntawv yuav tsum lees paub lossis tsis lees paub.
Feem ntau ntawm cov ntawv cog lus no tsis tuaj yeem thim rov qab thiab muaj sijhawm tsawg. ATlub sijhawm teev tseg, tus neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum tau teb, thiab tus neeg muag khoom tsis muaj cai thim qhov kev thov. Yog tias tsis tau txais cov lus teb, qhov kev sib pauv yuav raug txiav txim siab tsis tiav. Tseem muaj kev tshem tawm. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog tib yam, tab sis qhov txawv yog tias tus neeg muag khoom muaj cai thim cov ntaub ntawv raws sijhawm.
Lub sijhawm siv tau feem ntau yog tswj hwm los ntawm txoj cai lij choj nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas qhov kev lag luam cuam tshuam txog vaj tse. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem muab lub sijhawm tas peb caug hnub thaum tau txais ib daim av.
piv txwv
Ib lub tuam txhab tshaj tawm nws cov khoom. Nws yog cov lus teb rau kev tshaj tawm uas yuav yog qhov kev thov (public). Yog li ntawd, tus neeg muag khoom yuav tsis kam lees cov neeg yuav khoom thiab tsis tsim daim ntawv cog lus.
Ib lub tuam txhab xa nyiaj ntsuab rau lwm tus. Qhov thib ob them rau nws. Kev xa khoom yog ua tiav. Kev xa khoom yog kho los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm lossis daim ntawv xa nyiaj. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib tug nyiaj ntsuab account yog ib tug TO ntaub ntawv, kev them nyiaj yog ib tug lees paub (kev lees paub).
Ib qho piv txwv yooj yim ntawm qhov kev cog lus ruaj khov yog qhov qiv nyiaj uas tau pom zoo los ntawm lub txhab nyiaj thiab muab rau tus neeg siv khoom. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev tso cai, kev ua lag luam yog ua, cov haujlwm tsim nyog tau ua.
Lub koom haum raug cai tau txais daim ntawv cog lus kos npe los ntawm ob tog (kev pom zoo muab khoom). Hnub kawg rau kev lees txais yog ib lub lim tiam. Xws li kev pom zoo yog qhov kev thov. Yog hais tias ib lub koom haum raug cai kos npe rau qhov project no thiab xa daim ntawv ceeb toom kev pom zoo, ces qhov no yog qhov kev lees paub. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tsis kam, ib qho kev ceeb toom tsim nyog raug xa mus, los yog hu ua "silence" tshwm sim. Kev kos npedaim ntawv cog lus uas tau hloov kho yuav raug kho raws li qhov kev tawm tsam, uas lwm tus neeg tuaj yeem lees txais lossis tsis lees txais.
