Natalya Durova: biography, creativity thiab koj tus kheej lub neej

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:07

Natalia Durova yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hu ua Soviet circus ua yeeb yam thiab tus kws qhia tsiaj. Tab sis nyob rau hauv nws lub neej tsis khoom ntev, nws nrhiav tau ib qho chaw rau lub circus, ntawv nyeem, thiab kev ua si. Kab lus no muab cov ntawv luv luv ntawm Natalya Yurievna Durova.

tsev neeg nto moo

Kev sib tham txog keeb kwm ntawm Natalia Durova yuav tsum pib nrog kev paub txog nws tsev neeg. Natalya yug rau lub Plaub Hlis 13, 1934 nyob rau hauv Moscow, nyob rau hauv ib tsev neeg ntawm circus celebrities Durovs. Tus tsim ntawm Durov Tsiaj Theatre, Vladimir Leonidovich Durov, yog tus yawm txiv ntawm yav tom ntej artist. Nws tuag peb xyoos tom qab yug los ntawm nws tus tub xeeb ntxwv ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Tus kws kos duab nto moo nrog nws tus tsiaj liab yog duab hauv qab no.

Zoo li Vladimir Leonidovich, txhua tus ntawm Natalya cov txheeb ze yog cov neeg ua yeeb yam: yawg, yawg, txiv, txiv ntxawm thiab txiv ntxawm yog cov ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam uas tau mob siab rau tag nrho lub neej rau tsev neeg ua yeeb yam, thiab pog thiab niam yog cov neeg ua yeeb yam. Los ntawm txoj kev, Natalia niam muaj ib tug yawm txiv yawg - tus yawm saub Lavxias teb sab Alexander Borodin.

Circus creativity

Natalia qhov debutDurova nyob rau hauv lub circus arena tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog tsib xyoos - nyob rau hauv 1939 nws coj ib feem me me ntawm nws txiv, Yuri Vladimirovich Durov. Txij li thaum muaj yim xyoo nws yog ib tug tas mus li koom nyob rau hauv nws txiv lub attractions, ua yeeb yam nrog ib tug lynx, ib tug ntxhw thiab ib tug cheetah, thiab los ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm cuaj nws tau teev nyob rau hauv Yuri Vladimirovich phau ntawv ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug intern - qhov no yog yuav ua li cas nws ntev. lub sij hawm circus hauj lwm pib. Duab los ntawm Natalia Durova yog nthuav tawm hauv qab no.

Feem ntau ntawm Natalia qhov kev ua yeeb yam thaum yau tau tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov ua rog - nws txiv tau tsim ib pab tub rog ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam, thiab cov neeg ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam tau koom nrog kev ua yeeb yam rau cov tub rog uas muaj nyob rau pem hauv ntej thiab hauv tsev kho mob.

Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 17 xyoo, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nws cov kev ua ub no, Natalya Yuryevna pib kev kawm deb raws li kws kho tsiaj hauv Timiryazev Moscow Agricultural Academy, thiab tom qab ntawd, los ntawm 1951 txog 1956. kawm puv sijhawm ntawm Gorky Literary Institute. Txawm hais tias daim ntawv puv sijhawm, Natalya ua ke nws txoj kev kawm nrog kev ua haujlwm ua tus kws qhia hauv Main Directorate of Circuses. Xyoo 1956, nrog ob txoj kev kawm qib siab, Natalya Durova rov pib ua yeeb yam hauv tsev neeg ntawm Durov Theatre, uas lub sijhawm ntawd hu ua "Durov's Corner"..

Xyoo 1961, ntawm kev caw ntawm USSR Ministry of Culture, nws tau tsiv mus rau Soyuzgostsirk, qhov chaw uas nws tau tsim tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim cov yeeb yam tshwj xeeb. Yog li, xyoo 1971, nws txawm tau txais ib qho khoom plig los ntawm Ministry of Culture ntawm GDR, rau kev tsim lub ntiaj teb thawj qhov kev nyiam, rau lub sijhawm ntev.tshuav tus tib leeg xwb - "Hiav txwv Lions thiab Walrus".

Tom qab nws txiv tuag hauv 1971 thiab txiv ntxawm hauv 1972, Natalya Durova rov qab los rau tsev neeg, thiab xyoo 1978 tau los ua tus thawj coj thiab tus thawj coj ua yeeb yam, tseem nyob hauv txoj haujlwm no mus txog thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej.

Nyob hauv nws txoj haujlwm, Natalya Yurievna ua raws li cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm nws yawm txiv nyob rau hauv txhua yam - nws sim kawm txog kev xav ntawm tsiaj, nrhiav kev cob qhia raws li kev ntseeg, tsis ntshai. Hauv nws txoj haujlwm, nws tau ua haujlwm nrog ntau tus tsiaj thiab noog, suav nrog liab, ntxhw, hippos, giraffes, cheetahs, lynxes, tsov, walruses, hiav txwv tsov ntxhuav, pelicans thiab parrots, nrog rau cov tsiaj uas tsis muaj leej twg ua ua ntej.: the heron, coat and kinkajou.

Literary works

Ntxiv rau cov kev ua si ncig ua si, Natalia Durova tau koom nrog cov ntawv nyeem. Nws pib sau ntawv nyob rau hauv 1953, nws debut yog lub tragic zaj dab neeg txog lub circus ntxhw "The Death of Old Yambo". Txij thaum ntawd los, Natalya Yuryevna tau sau ntau tshaj peb caug ua hauj lwm txog tsiaj, lub circus, thiab nws cov kev paub raws li ib tug kws qhia - tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog tsim nyob rau hauv ib hom ntawv nyeem ntawm cov me nyuam cov ntaub ntawv. Nws tau ua tus sau tag nrho cov ntawv ua yeeb yam rau Durov Theatre txij li xyoo 1978. Rau kev ua tiav hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov menyuam yaus cov ntaub ntawv, Natalya Durova tau txais txiaj ntsig Arkady Gaidar Badge of Honour.

kev ua si hauv zej zog

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm Natalia Yuryevna ib txwm muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog kev kawm ncaj ncees - zoo li hauvcircus, thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Yog li ntawd, thaum muaj hnub nyoog laus, nws tsis tuaj yeem nyob deb ntawm kev sib raug zoo. Yog li, piv txwv li, nws yog Durova uas yog tus sau lub tswv yim thiab lub ntsiab inspirer ntawm lub creation ntawm lub "Lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Me Nyuam Yaus" - ib qho chaw rau kev ncaj ncees kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm "Durov's Corner". Txog thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej, nws yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub ntiaj teb rau cov me nyuam ntawm lub ntiaj teb lub koom haum, lub Smoktunovsky Charitable Actors Foundation thiab lub Board of Trustees ntawm lub siab dawb paug, Reconciliation thiab Accord Foundation. Tsis tas li ntawd, Natalia Durova yog ib tug kws tshaj lij ntawm International Association of International Spiritual Unity thiab ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Lavxias Academy ntawm Natural Sciences.

Lub neej ntiag tug

Kev mob siab rau tag nrho nws cov hluas rau kev muaj tswv yim, Natalya Durova nco txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus kheej thaum muaj hnub nyoog peb caug. Thaum 32, nws tau los ua tus poj niam thib ob ntawm tus ua yeeb yam Mikhail Bolduman, uas lub sijhawm ntawd twb muaj 68 xyoo lawm. Nyob rau hauv 1967, nkawm niam txiv muaj ib tug tub, uas muaj npe tom qab nws txiv, Mikhail. Tsev neeg lub neej ntawm Natalia thiab Mikhail zoo siab, tab sis, hmoov tsis, tsis kav ntev - tom qab 17 xyoo, kev tuag sib cais cov txij nkawm. Mikhail Bolduman tuag thaum laus hauv 1983 - nws muaj 85 xyoo. Tom qab nws tuag, Natalya Yuryevna tsis txuas nws lub neej nrog leej twg.

Tus kws kos duab tuag rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis 27, 2007 thaum muaj hnub nyoog 73 xyoos. Nws tau faus rau ntawm lub toj ntxas Novodevichy. Natalia Durova tus tub muaj sia nyob nws niam tsuas yog peb xyoos, tau tuag los ntawm qhov txhab perforated thaum muaj hnub nyoog 43.

Awards

Thawj hauv cov npe lojHonors Natalya Yuryevna yog cov khoom plig ua tub rog uas nws tau txais thaum nws tseem yog menyuam yaus - qhov no yog daim paib "Tus Saib Xyuas" hauv xyoo 1945 thiab lub puav pheej "Rau Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo Tshaj Plaws hauv Kev Ua Tsov Rog Loj" hauv xyoo 1946. Xyoo 1971, nws tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm Vladimir Durov khoom plig los ntawm Ministry of Culture ntawm GDR, thiab xyoo 1972 nws tau txais lub npe ntawm Honored Artist ntawm RSFSR. Nyob rau hauv 1982, Natalya Durova los ua tus neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm RSFSR, thiab kuj tau txais Lenin Komsomol nqi zog thiab cov paib ntawm kev hwm "Rau kev ua haujlwm nrog cov pioneers" thiab "Kev Npaj ntawm 12th Festival ntawm cov hluas thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm." Nyob rau hauv 1983, Natalya Yurievna tau txais qhov kev txiav txim ntawm Red Banner of Labor. Nyob rau hauv 1986 nws tau txais lub Order "Rau tej hauj lwm ntawm kev hlub tshua", nyob rau hauv 1987 - lub xeev nqi zog ntawm lub USSR, thiab nyob rau hauv 1989 nws tau los ua tus tswv ntawm lub title ntawm cov neeg Artist ntawm lub USSR thiab lub Honorary puav pheej ntawm lub Soviet Peace Fund. Natalya Durova yog tus tswv ntawm ob qhov kev txiav txim "Rau Merit to the Fatherland" ntawm qib thib ob thiab thib peb, Kev Txiav Txim ntawm Kev Phooj Ywg ntawm Tib Neeg, Zhukov puav pheej thiab lwm yam khoom plig ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb.