Colossal squid: piav qhia, qhov loj me, duab

Cov txheej txheem:

Colossal squid: piav qhia, qhov loj me, duab
Colossal squid: piav qhia, qhov loj me, duab

Video: Colossal squid: piav qhia, qhov loj me, duab

Video: Colossal squid: piav qhia, qhov loj me, duab
Video: Inside the killer whale matriarchy - Darren Croft 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Thawj qhov hais txog qhov no tsuas yog tus neeg sawv cev ntawm genus Mesonychoteuthis hnub rov qab mus rau thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Tus naas ej zoologist G. K. Robson piav txog ib tug colossal squid, uas nws hnyav mus txog ib nrab ib tuj. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom ntej, tsis muaj ntaub ntawv hais txog nws, thiab tus tsiaj loj heev yuav luag tsis nco qab lawm. Tab sis xyoo 1970, cov larvae ntawm lub hiav txwv tob no tau pom, thiab 9 xyoo tom qab, pom ib tug neeg laus ntev tshaj li ib 'meter' ntev. Thawj thawj zaug uas lub ntiaj teb tau kawm txog qhov muaj nyob ntawm cov mollusks xyoo 1856. Tom qab tus kws tshawb fawb Stenstrup txiav txim siab los sib piv qhov luaj li cas ntawm tus beak pom nyob rau hauv dej hiav txwv nrog qhov loj ntawm ib tug dog dig squid. Qhov tshwm sim yog qhov xav tsis thoob - raws li cov ntaub ntawv tau txais, nws tau pom tias mollusk yuav tsum tsuas yog loj.

colossal squid
colossal squid

Kev piav qhia

Cov squid colossal muaj lub cev elongated torpedo-puab. Qhov ntev ntawm nws mantle ncav cuag peb meters, thiab ua ke nrog tentacles - tag nrho kaum. Qhov hnyav ntawm cov neeg sawv cev loj tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem yog 500 kilograms. Txawm li cas losmuaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov mollusks loj dua 20 meters ntev thiab hnyav tshaj ib tuj, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv no tsis tau sau tseg.

Lub mantle yog qhov dav, qhov kawg peb ntawm nws qhov ntev yog ua tiav los ntawm qhov nqaim ntse, nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm cov muaj zog, tuab, dav hlau fins. Lawv tsim yuav luag ib nrab ntawm qhov ntev ntawm lub cev ntawm lub mollusk thiab, thaum unfolded, tsim ib tug zoo li lub plawv. Lub mantle yog mos, txog 5-6 cm tuab. Funnel thiab occipital pob txha mos yog tuab, luv, me ntsis nkhaus, tsis muaj tubercles nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus.

Amazing ob lub qhov muag muaj ib colossal squid. Daim duab hauv qab no tso cai rau koj los saib xyuas lawv zoo. Muaj ob lub photophores, lawv loj heev - lawv txoj kab uas hla mus txog 27 centimeters. Tsis paub tus tsiaj nyob hauv ntiaj teb no muaj qhov muag loj heev.

colossal squid yees duab
colossal squid yees duab

Cov tentacles tau nruab nrog ob kab ntawm cov kab sib txuas ntawm cov sibntsib, ob kab ntawm cov hooks nyob nruab nrab, thiab me me lateral suckers. Cov squid kuj muaj zog ntev cuab caj npab, loj ntawm lub hauv paus nrog ib tug dav daim nyias nyias thiab nyias xaus. Ntawm lub tentacles-grabs, los yog nyob rau hauv lawv nruab nrab ib feem, muaj ob peb khub ntawm hood-zoo li tus hooks, thiab lawv sab qis yog nruab nrog suction khob.

Tus squid lub ntsiab riam phom yog nws tawv, haib chitinous beak.

Nyob zoo

Giant mollusk muaj nyob hauv cov dej Antarctic, qhov twg nws tuaj yeem ua pawg ntawm ntau tus neeg. Nyob rau sab qaum teb, lawv cov lej tsawg dua, thiab lawv yos hav zoovfeem ntau ib leeg. Squids kuj tau pom tawm ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm South Africa, New Zealand thiab South America.

Tus Antarctic colossal squid, uas nws daim duab tau muab tso rau ntawm no, pom ntawm qhov tob ntawm 2-4 txhiab meters thiab xyaum tsis ntab mus rau saum npoo. Qhov no ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev kawm nws tus cwj pwm hauv tej yam ntuj tso.

Qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw hypothetical ntawm mollusk tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov ntsuas kub ntawm cov dej. Yog li, qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev sib ntsib nrog nws yog ua tau ntawm cov dej kub ntawm -0.9 txog 0 ºС. Txij lub Kaum Ob Hlis mus txog Lub Peb Hlis lawv tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv siab Antarctic latitudes.

colossal squid piav qhia
colossal squid piav qhia

Sizes

Kev sib deev dimorphism yog qhov txawv me ntsis - poj niam colossal squid loj dua li txiv neej. Mollusc seem ntawm ob leeg poj niam tau pom nyob rau hauv lub plab ntawm phev whales. Qhov ntev ntawm lawv lub cev yog 80-250 centimeters, thiab lawv qhov hnyav nce mus txog 250 kilograms. Cov squid loj tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm raug ntes los ntawm New Zealand cov neeg nuv ntses hauv xyoo 2007 hauv dej hiav txwv Antarctic. Qhov ntev ntawm nws lub mantle yog 3 m, tag nrho ntev yog 10 m, thiab nws hnyav yog 495 kg.

Peculiarities ntawm kev noj haus thiab kev yug me nyuam

Tau kawg, me ntsis paub txog lub neej ntawm cov clams loj, tab sis cov kws tshawb fawb tau txheeb xyuas lawv lub peev xwm tshwj xeeb. Lawv lub cev muaj cov ammonium chloride ntau, uas yuav pab txo qis lub ntiajteb txawj nqus, uas muab cov squid nruab nrab buoyancy. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, lawv tuaj yeem txiav los ntawm kab dej, xyaum tsis tau txav mus los. Yog li, cov tsiaj nyeg muaj lub sijhawm los zais lawv tus kheej thiab tos lawv cov tsiaj. Ua luam dej thiabkaw cov tsiaj lawv lob nrog tentacles thiab rhuav nws sib nrug nrog hooks.

nws yog ib colossal squid
nws yog ib colossal squid

Cov neeg loj heev pub rau cov luminous anchovies, mesopelagic ntses, thiab Antarctic toothfish. Txawm li cas los xij, cannibalism tsis raug txiav tawm hauv lawv hom. Cov neeg laus molluscs tuaj yeem noj kib thiab cov neeg tsis paub qab hau ntawm lawv tus kheej hom.

Cov neeg laus dhau los ua thaum qhov ntev ntawm lub mantle yog tsawg kawg yog 1 meter, thiab qhov hnyav yog ntau tshaj 25 kg. Kev yug me nyuam tshwm sim thaum lub caij ntuj no los yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav.

yeeb ncuab

Txawm hais tias nws qhov loj me, cov squid colossal piav saum toj no muaj nws cov yeeb ncuab. Thawj ntawm lawv yog cov phev whale. Nws tuaj yeem tshawb pom los ntawm qhov pom qhov seem ntawm colossal squids hauv lawv lub plab. Cov menyuam yaus me tuaj yeem noj albatrosses thiab Antarctic toothfish.

Ntawm, tus yeeb ncuab tshwj xeeb ntawm lub hiav txwv tob yog txiv neej. Tender squid nqaij yog siv los npaj ntau yam tais diav. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj ua cov tais diav calamari tawm ntawm qhov loj, ces txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub nplhaib txiav los ntawm nws yuav muab piv rau txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub tsheb laij teb.

Antarctic colossal squid yees duab
Antarctic colossal squid yees duab

Kev ua phem rau tus neeg

Giant squids, los yog lawv qhov kev tawm tsam rau tib neeg, tau sau txog ntau yam kev kos duab. Cov nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog cov haujlwm ntawm Jules Verne.

Tab sis hauv lub neej kuj muaj cov xwm txheej thaum cov squid colossal tawm tsam nkoj. Yog li, ib qho ntawm cov thawj coj tau tshwm sim nrog cov neeg tsav nkoj Fabkis thaum lub sijhawmthoob ntiaj teb haiv neeg.

Raws li ib tug ntawm lawv cov yachtsmen Olivier de Kersoisson, ib tug clam tau tuav lawv lub yacht los ntawm stern cia li ob peb teev tom qab lawv tawm Brittany. Cov neeg tsav nkoj tau hais tias lub hiav txwv tob tob qhwv nws cov tentacles tuab dua li tib neeg txhais ceg ncig lub nkoj thiab pib rub lub nkoj mus rau hauv hiav txwv. Nrog ob lub tentacles, nws thaiv lub nkoj lub rudder. Tab sis hmoov zoo, cov yachtsmen tsis tas yuav tawm tsam nws. Thaum lub yacht nres, tus clam loosened nws tuav thiab ploj mus rau hauv qhov tob ntawm dej hiav txwv.

Raws li cov neeg tsav nkoj tom qab hais tias, qhov ntev ntawm lub cev ntawm cov squid siab tshaj 8 meters, thiab yog tias tus tsiaj hloov mus ua nruj dua, nws yuav muaj peev xwm ua rau tuag taus thiab poob dej hauv lub nkoj.

Me nyuam yaus paub

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, cov kws tshawb fawb tau sau txog 250 tus neeg ntawm ib tug neeg ntsib ib colossal squid, tab sis tsuas yog ob peb tus tswj kom pom tus loj loj no ciaj sia. Cov kws tshawb fawb lawv tus kheej tsis muaj lub sijhawm zoo li no. Lawv tsuas yog yuav tsum kawm cov seem uas tau rov qab los ntawm lub plab ntawm marine predators thiab lub cev ntxhua khaub ncaws los yog ntses tawm los ntawm cov neeg tsav nkoj.

colossal squid loj yees duab
colossal squid loj yees duab

Txawm hais tias me ntsis paub, cov squid colossal yog incomparable rau lwm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm nws cov chav kawm. Dimensions, cov duab ntawm nws muaj peev xwm amaze leej twg. Hauv hiav txwv dej tob, raws li qee cov lus ceeb toom, ncav cuag qhov ntev ntawm 20 meters thiab hnyav txog li ib tuj.

Ntau xyoo cov neeg loj no nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb tseem tsis paub. Nws yog qhov ua tau tsawg heev, txij li lub neej expectancy ntawm ntau twb kawm hom squid yog dhau ib xyoos xwb.

Pom zoo: