Belarus: xwm thiab nws thaj chaw tiv thaiv

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:58

Lub koom pheej ntawm Belarus, nws qhov xwm txheej zoo nkauj heev, yog lub xeev nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Europe thiab ciam teb Poland rau sab hnub poob. Ukraine nyob rau sab qab teb, Latvia thiab Lithuania los ntawm sab qaum teb hnub poob, thiab Russia los ntawm sab qaum teb thiab sab hnub tuaj. Thaj chaw ntawm lub tebchaws yog heev compact thiab yog hais txog 207 txhiab square meters. km. Qhov xwm ntawm Belarus yog nto moo rau nws mesmerizing plains, toj, hav zoov thiab pas dej.

Modern Belarus thiab nws qhov xwm txheej

Thaj chaw ntawm lub tebchaws yuav luag tag nrho nrog cov hydrographic grids ntawm cov dej ntws, pas dej thiab cov kwj deg. Cov kwj dej tiaj tus, ntws hauv cov hav maj, dav dav, yog qhov txawv ntawm lawv qhov sinuosity thiab swampy watersheds, raws li lawv ntws los ntawm swamps los ntawm sab qab teb ntawm lub teb chaws. Ib feem kaum ntawm thaj tsam ntawm cov koom pheej muaj cov hav dej, thiab rau sab qab teb ntawm txoj kab ntawm txoj kab ntawm cov glacier muaj ntau cov kwj dej ntiav ntawm cov duab tsis sib xws. Yog li ntawd, qhov xwm ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Belarus yog nto moo rau ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm tshiab pas dej ntawm ntau yamqhov loj thiab qhov tob - muaj ntau tshaj 10 txhiab ntawm lawv. Feem ntau, cov reservoirs yog tsim rau hauv pab pawg pas dej. Cov nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog Ushachskaya, Braslavskaya thiab Narochanskaya.

Lub teb chaws tseem muaj npe nrov rau nws cov hav zoov, uas tuav 40% ntawm tag nrho thaj chaw. Nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Belarus, xwm abounds nrog alder thiab spruce, nyob rau hauv sab qab teb - nrog ntoo qhib thiab ntoo thuv, thaum nyob rau hauv nws central feem muaj ntau ntawm birch bark, hornbeam thiab oaks. Ntawm lawv koj tuaj yeem pom berries thiab nceb noj tau. Muaj ntau tshwj xeeb blueberries thiab cranberries nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws cov hav zoov. Tsis tas li ntawm no loj hlob viburnum, blueberries, raspberries, lingonberries thiab roob tshauv. Cov cuab tam tseem ceeb yog hav zoov nyiaj txiag ntawm Belarus. Nws muaj ntau dua 9.4 hectares ntawm cog thiab loj hlob txhua xyoo, yog li lub teb chaws hu ua lub teb chaws hav zoov.

Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, 10% ntawm thaj chaw yog nyob los ntawm qhov tsis sib xws ntawm swamps thiab lowlands, overgrown nrog sedge thiab cereals, uas yog ib tug tshwj xeeb ecosystem. Ntuj swamps ntawm qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe yog nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm Western Polissya. Transitional swamps nrog mosses, qus rosemary thiab myrtle bushes, nrog rau cov hav zoov coniferous tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv Central ib feem ntawm Belarus. Nyob rau sab qaum teb, muaj cov bogs uas muaj cov nyom dawb, paj rwb thiab sundew. Tag nrho cov cheeb tsam no ua raws li lub reservoir, pub cov dej ntws thiab softening qhov kub thiab txias hloov nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj no thiab lub caij ntuj sov. Cov tsiaj qus ntawm Belarus nrog nws cov swamps tau dhau los ua qhov chaw zoo rau ntau cov ungulates, cov nas muaj txiaj ntsig thiab kev ua si.

Nyiaj muaj peev xwm ntawm xwmBelarus

Qhov xwm ntawm Belarus nrog nws cov hav zoov sib xyaw, cov nroj tsuag meadow thiab swamps yog qhov chaw zoo rau mos lwj, boars qus, elks, nrog rau cov nyuj nto moo. Kuj tseem muaj cov tsiaj txhu xws li martens, hma, badgers, hma, bears xim av, otters thiab minks. Belarus, nws qhov xwm txheej nyiam ntau hom kab mob, muaj txog 309 lub npe noog. Spoonbills, zoo cormorants, grey geese, mute swans thiab daj herons tau rov qab mus rau zes thaj chaw.

Cov chaw ua si hauv tebchaws thiab thaj chaw tiv thaiv ntawm Republic of Belarus

thaj chaw ntawm koom pheej ntawm Belarus yog ib lub tebchaws ntsuab tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab muaj npe nrov rau nws cov cim tshwj xeeb thiab thaj chaw tshwj xeeb. Belovezhskaya Pushcha yog ib tug colossal array ntawm primeval forests. Nws stretches los ntawm Belarus mus rau Poland los ntawm lub watershed ntawm Pripyat, Neman thiab Western Bug. Nws thaj tsam tag nrho ntawm 150 hectares yog lub tsev muaj txog 55 hom tsiaj loj thiab ntau dua 200 hom noog. Tab sis lub ntsiab inhabitants ntawm Belovezhskaya Pushcha yog European bison (bison), uas yav tas los nyob rau theem ntawm extinction.

Tsis tas li, Berezansky Reserve yog thaj chaw tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb. Nws yog ib tug txheej txheem ntawm ancient ntoo thuv hav zoov, tsa bogs thiab moraine toj. Ntxiv nrog rau ntau hom tsiaj thiab noog, muaj 700 hom nroj tsuag.

Nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm thaj av Gomel, ntawm sab xis ntawm tus dej Pripyat, muaj lub tiaj ua si hauv tebchaws "Pripyatsky". Nws tau los ua nto moo tsis yog rau nws cov neeg nyobNyob rau hauv primeval hav zoov Oak forests, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv ichthyofauna. Cov chaw ua si hauv tebchaws "Braslav Lakes" thiab "Narochansky" kuj tsim nyog mloog.

Tua tsiaj thiab nuv ntses hauv Belarus

Vim cov tsiaj qus ntawm Belarus yog qhov tshwj xeeb, lub tebchaws nyob hauv ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb hauv kev yos hav zoov Europe. Ib puag ncig ntawm primeval swamps thiab hav zoov yog qhov zoo rau ntau tus tsiaj, uas ua rau muaj kev zoo siab hauv kev ua si. Nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws Belarusian, kev yos hav zoov kab lis kev cai tau tsim nyob rau ntau pua xyoo, vim hais tias muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm cov tsiaj ntiaj teb no attracted cov xim ntawm Lavxias teb sab tsars, Polish vaj thiab Kyiv princes. Lub sijhawm tam sim no, Belarus, nws qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb hauv nws txoj kev zoo nkauj, qhib rau kev yos hav zoov txhua xyoo. Txij li thaum muaj tus lej tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntses (carp, eel, bream, pike perch, smelt, asp, perch, burbot, rudd, etc.) nyob hauv cov pas dej thiab cov dej hauv tebchaws, qhov nrov ntawm kev nuv ntses yog loj hlob ntawm no txhua hnub. Cov neeg nyiam nuv ntses thiab cov kws tshaj lij yuav pom cov dej loj xws li Neman, Berezina, Dnieper, Viliya, Sozh, Western Dvina, Western Kab laum, Pripyat thiab Goryn.

Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig hauv Belarus

Cov teb chaws vam meej yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm ntau hom tsiaj thiab tsiaj txhu, thiab kuj yog ib qho chaw nyob rau ntau hom tsiaj tsawg, uas yuav muaj kev puas tsuaj, yog li feem ntau ntawm thaj av tau muab cov xwm txheej tiv thaiv. Tag nrho cov cheeb tsam yog suav nrog hauv cheeb tsam, uas yog tus nqi ntawm ecological rau Central thiab Eastern Europe. Tias yog vim li cas kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv Belarus txuas mus rau 4 lub teb chaws chaw ua si, biosphere cia thiab 84 reserves ntawm Republican tseem ceeb. Tus nqiNws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias muaj 861 natural monuments ntawm lub zos thiab republican tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub teb chaws, uas plays ib tug tshwj xeeb lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv kev txuag ntawm biological ntau yam kev pab cuam.