Kev lag luam Lavxias tau txhim kho sai hauv xyoo pua 17th. Lub sijhawm ntawd, kev lag luam txawv teb chaws tau ntseeg siab mus rau hauv qhov chaw nres nkoj Arkhangelsk. Ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm kev lag luam txawv teb chaws tau ua nyob rau hauv nws. Lub nroog sawv cev rau "lub ntsej muag" ntawm lub tebchaws nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm Western European lub xeev. Arkhangelsk xav tau cov tsev zoo nkauj nrog cov facades zoo nkauj.
Gostiny yards ntawm lub nroog sab qaum teb tsis yog tsuas yog qhov chaw zoo nkauj thiab yooj yim rau cov tub lag luam txawv teb chaws thiab Lavxias, tab sis kuj ua haujlwm tiv thaiv. Niaj hnub no, lawv tau lees paub tias yog qhov tshwj xeeb monuments ntawm Lavxias teb sab pob zeb architecture yos rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 17th.
History of Creation
Nyob rau xyoo 1667, Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich tau tshaj tawm tsab cai hais kom tsim kho lub pob zeb loj hauv Arkhangelsk ntawm thaj tsam ze li ntawm 9 hectares. Cov duab kos duab ntawm lub tsev tsim vaj tsev yog tsim los ntawm cov neeg npaj hauv nroog P. G. Marselis thiab V. Scharf.
Hnub ntawd, lub nroog, rov tsim dua los ntawm ntoo, tsis tu ncua hauv hluav taws. Qhov hluav taws tau rhuav tshem ntau lub tsev thiab cov phab ntsa fortress, yog li lawv txiav txim siab los tsim Gostiny Dvor los ntawm pob zeb. Arkhangelsk, uas muaj keeb kwm nplua nuj, tau txais lub tsev nyuaj rau kev lag luam, lub fortress tiag tiag tau tsim nyob rau hauv nws nrog ob lub tsev qhua: Lavxias teb sab thiab German.
Kare nrog thaj chaw loj hauv nruab nrab tsim lub tsev hais plaub Lavxias thiab German. Lub complex tau nruab nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua tub rog thiab kev tiv thaiv tseem ceeb. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lub tshav puam, txuas nrog phab ntsa, yees thiab lwm cov qauv, ncig los ntawm moats, tig mus rau hauv lub nroog pob zeb muaj zog-fortress.
Kev tsim kho ntawm lub fortress grandiose kav 16 xyoo (1668-1684). Xyoo 1693, Peter kuv tuaj txog hauv Arkhangelsk. Cov neeg nyob hauv lub nroog, uas nws pom thawj zaug, zoo siab rau nws. Lawv qhov kev poob qis yuav pib nyob rau xyoo pua 18th, thaum kev lag luam txawv teb chaws yuav raug xa mus rau St. North Trade Center, ib zaug tsis tau lees paub, yuav pib tawg.
Restoration ntawm Gostiny Dvor
Hauv xyoo 1770, tom qab kev tsim kho tau lees paub tias muaj xwm txheej ceev, nws pib rov tsim kho tam sim. Cov seem uas ploj lawm ntawm Lavxias teb sab farmstead tau dismantled, cib thiab limestone slabs raug xa mus rau kev kho dua tshiab. Lub tsev hais plaub German thiab lub nroog pob zeb-fortress tau xyaum tshem tawm tag nrho. Lub ruins ntawm German farmstead muaj nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua, lawv tau rhuav tshem tag nrho.
Nyob rau hauv lub 70s ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, lub façade ntawm lub tsev tau muab cov classical outlines yam ntxwv ntawm lub architecture ntawm lub era. Nyob rau hauv 1788 tshaj lub hauv paus tshiabib-zaj dab neeg Tshuag Txauv nrog lub turret thiab pem hauv ntej facade sawv. Cov rooj tog ua khoom siv tau muab tso rau hauv chav tsev, thiab qhov cub tau nruab. Thaum lub caij taug kev, ib tug chij fluttered hla lub turret thiab ib lub teeb tau hlawv.
Tshwj tsis yog Lub Nroog Pob Zeb, cov tsev khaws khoom 2 pem teb siab rau cawv thiab ntsev tau tsim. Ib tug pej thuam tau ntxiv rau cov chav cia. Qhov project rau lawv kev tsim kho yog tsim los ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse M. Berezin. Nws npaj yuav txuas ib lub tsev zoo sib xws rau North Tower. Tab sis nyiaj txiag meager thiab tsis muaj cov khoom siv hauv tsev tau yuam tus kws kes duab vajtse ncua kev tsim kho. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1809, nrog kev nyuaj heev, nws muaj peev xwm tsim thawj pem teb ntawm ntsev warehouses tsis muaj ib tug pej thuam.
Tom plam qhov chaw qub nrog cov phab ntsa muaj zog, Arkhangelsk tau txais Gostinye Dvor, tab sis tsis nyob hauv thawj version. Tom qab nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, lub nroog poob feem ntau ntawm Lavxias teb sab tsev hais plaub. Tsuas yog cov tuam tsev nyob rau sab hnub poob, tig mus rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Northern Dvina, tseem nyob ntawm nws.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov vaj tsev tsim vaj tsev nrog cov tsev khaws cia: Lavxias Gostiny Dvor, tus pej thuam nyob rau sab qaum teb, kev sib pauv, cov khw muag khoom thiab cov ntsev ntsev, nyob hauv plawv nroog ze ntawm lub pas dej, saib majestic.
Gostiny dvor thaum lub sijhawm Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Loj
Tom plam nws qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tub rog, lub complex tau hloov kho los ntawm cov neeg hauv nroog kom muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb. Lub nroog tsoom fwv, lub tsev hais plaub, kev lis kev cai raug pauv mus rau nws. Cov khw tau qhib rau ntawm nws qhov chaw. Thaum lub sij hawm Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb, cov cellars ntawm ntsev warehouses tau siv los ua lub foob pob tawg. Cov neeg nyob hauv zos tau tuaj nkaum hauv lawv los ntawm kev tawm tsam huab cua.
Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog xyoo, thaj chaw rau Dawb Hiav Txwv Flotilla thiab chaw sib txuas lus tau muab faib rau hauv cov tsev ntawm cov complex. Cov dej num ntawm chav ua tub rog suav nrog kev sib txuas lus nrog Arctic thiab Kara Hiav Txwv.
Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Gostiny Dvor
Txij xyoo 1981, keeb kwm monument tau raug coj los ntawm lub nroog tsev cia puav pheej ntawm cov lus dab neeg hauv zos. Gostiny Dvors (Arkhangelsk), lossis zoo li, lawv qhov chaw khaws cia, pib maj mam rov qab los. Txoj kev npaj kho dua tshiab suav nrog kev kho dua tshiab ntawm Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Lavxias, tus pej thuam thiab cov tsev nyob rau sab qaum teb, thiab cov tsev khaws khoom ntsev. Tom qab ua tiav kev kho dua tshiab hauv xyoo 2010, Arkhangelsk tau pom ib qho yooj yim version ntawm cov khoom siv vaj tsev zoo nkauj. Gostiny Dvor tam sim no yog lub chaw kab lis kev cai, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev kawm hauv nroog.
Kev nthuav qhia nthuav dav tau tsim nyob rau hauv nws lub tsev, qhia txog cov monuments ntawm cov khoom thiab sab ntsuj plig kab lis kev cai ntawm sab qaum teb. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej niaj hnub nthuav tawm ntau qhov kev nthuav qhia: hais txog kab lis kev cai thiab keeb kwm cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm Pomorie thiab Lavxias sab qaum teb monasteries. Ob chav tau muab rau kev nthuav tawm rau M. V. Lomonosov. Ib qho muaj cov khoom pov thawj txog lub teb chaws me me ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb ci ntsa iab ntawm Russia, qhov thib ob muaj chav kuaj.
Kev ua ub no ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej keeb kwm hauv zos
Gostiny dvor (Arkhangelsk) qhib lawv lub qhov rooj rau ntau tus qhua. Exhibition ntawm cov ncauj lus sib txawv hloov ib leeg. Excursions yog ua nyob ib ncig ntawm ib ncig ntawm lub architectural ensembles thiab nws halls, attracting cov neeg laus thiab cov me nyuam. Muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kab lis kev cai thiab keeb kwmcuab yeej cuab tam ntawm cheeb tsam, tuav lub rooj sib tham scientific thiab tswv yim.
Cov qhua raug caw mus rau jazz thiab classical music concerts. Lawv npaj cov quests zoo siab heev, npaj cov hnub so lus dab neeg, hmo ntuj, cadet balls, master classes thiab lwm yam xwm txheej. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej tuav kev sib tw. Ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb yog muab rau qhov kev sib tw "Young Talents". Cov neeg txawj ntse craftsmen koom nrog pej xeem kos duab crafts los ua nws cov neeg koom.
