Dab tsi, tab sis Russia tsis tau txais kev zoo nkauj ntawm ntuj! Thiab ib qho ntawm nws qhov chaw tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws yog Polistovsky Reserve, ib daim duab uas tau nthuav tawm hauv kab lus no. Tab sis nws yog qhov zoo dua, ntawm chav kawm, tsis txwv koj tus kheej kom saib cov duab, tab sis kom pom cov khoom ntawm lub vaj kaj siab nrog koj tus kheej ob lub qhov muag. Qhov chaw zoo kawg no yuav tham ntxiv.
Geographic yam ntxwv
Lub Polistovsky Reserve nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab hinterland thiab npog thaj tsam ntawm yuav luag peb caug-yim txhiab hectares nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm Valdai Upland hauv cheeb tsam Pskov (Bezhanitsky koog tsev kawm ntawv). Tus dej Polist ntws los ntawm nws thaj chaw, tom qab uas nws muaj npe. Nyob rau sab hnub tuaj, nws ciam teb rau lwm thaj chaw tiv thaiv xwm txheej - Lub Xeev Rdeisky Reserve, hauv Nizhny Novgorod Thaj Chaw.
Yog tias peb tham txog kev faib zonal, ces Polistovsky Reserve yog taiga thiab coniferous-deciduous hav zoov. Kev nyab xeeb ntawm no yog temperate continental, characterized los ntawm me me, pos huab winters. Nquag pos huab thiab cov av noo siab yog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov noqhov chaw. Thiab tseem muaj thaj av nyuaj heev nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm sod-podzolic, peat bog thiab sod-gley loamy av.
History of Creation
Polistovsky State Reserve tseem hluas. Nws tau raug sau npe tsuas yog hauv xyoo 1994. Tab sis kev yos hav zoov cia, nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub reserves tau tsim, muaj nyob rau ntawm no txij li thaum lub xya caum-seventh xyoo. Thiab lawv tau pib kawm Polistovsky swamps txawm tias ua ntej - xyoo 1909. Tus kws tshaj lij Vladimir Nikolaevich Sukachev tau saib xyuas cov haujlwm tshawb fawb.
thaj chaw ntawm cov ciam teb tau ntev dhau los ua "cov av cog lus" rau cov kws tshawb fawb hauv tsev thiab cov kws tshawb fawb bog uas tau tshawb nrhiav thiab pom cov khoom tshwj xeeb rau lawv cov ntawv pov thawj thiab cov kws kho mob ua haujlwm rau nws. Xyoo 1992, cov tub ntxhais kawm botanist ntawm Moscow State University tau ua qhov kev tshawb fawb floristic loj tshaj plaws ntawm no, piav qhia txog cov nroj tsuag (272 hom) ntawm Lavxias teb sab bogs.
Lub Polistovsky Nature Reserve yog qhov chaw txuag xwm txheej loj tshaj plaws ntawm tsoomfwv tseem ceeb. Hais txog kev nplua nuj thiab ntau haiv neeg ntawm swamps, nws tsis muaj qhov sib npaug tsis yog nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob ntawm Lavxias Federation, tab sis thoob plaws Europe.
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev cia
Lub Polistovo-Lovatskaya bog system, nyob rau hauv uas lub chaw cia nyob, tau tsim txog kaum txhiab xyoo dhau los thiab, piv rau lwm tus zoo li nws, yog khaws cia zoo heev. Tau txais ntawm no, ib tug neeg zoo li tau pauv mus rau lub sijhawm qub thiab muaj lub sijhawm los pom cov xwm txheej zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws lub yeeb koob. Txij li thaum xyoo xya caum peb, cov chaw no tau nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm ib qhov project thoob ntiaj teb"Thelma", uas suav nrog cov dej ntws hauv cov npe ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv.
Polistovsky Nature Reserve yog qhov tseem ceeb tsis yog ntawm kev ncig xyuas xwb, uas tau nquag txhim kho ntawm no tsis ntev los no, tab sis kuj (feem ntau) ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev kawm. Rau cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm biology thiab cov kws tshawb fawb swamp, koj yuav tsis pom qhov pom kev zoo dua.
Ecosystem uniqueness
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Polistovo-Lovatskaya bog system? Vim li cas nws thiaj hlub tau ib yam li txiv apple ntawm qhov muag? Nws yog txhua yam hais txog tej yam yees siv ntawm cov bogs tsa, uas nyob txog yim caum feem pua ntawm cov cia.
Kaum tsib thaj av ntub dej tau sib sau ua ke rau hauv ib lub cev loj ntawm cov dej, ua raws li lub ntuj lim. Tag nrho cov pa phem (chlorine, hlau, radionuclides, thiab lwm yam) yog absorbed los ntawm peat, thiab qhov tshwm sim yog cov purest, yuav luag distilled dej. Nws pub rau Neva River, Lake Ilmen, Gulf of Finland thiab lwm qhov dej hauv cheeb tsam.
Ntxiv rau, cov bog tsa ceg ua kom huv huv huab cua, tshem tawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide ntau dhau nrog kev pab ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Cov tom kawg nqus cov teeb meem, uas nws thiaj li dhau los ua ib feem ntawm peat deposits.
Flora ntawm Polistovsky Reserve
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm thaj chaw tiv thaiv tsim cov xwm txheej zoo tshaj plaws rau marsh algae, lub ntiaj teb uas nplua nuj thiab ntau haiv neeg ntawm no. Nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Polistovsky Reserve, kuj muaj txog xya pua hom ntawm ntau yam nroj tsuag -feem ntau ntawm cov khoom yog nyob los ntawm coniferous-deciduous forests.
txheej herbaceous yog sawv cev los ntawm mosses, oak anemone, pob zeb berry, heather, paj rwb, cassandra, yuav ntau-flowered, thiab lwm yam. Spruce, ntoo qhib, tshauv, elm, linden, maple, hazel, dwarf birch predominate ntawm hom ntoo. Qhov zoo rau thaj chaw no yog cloudberries, cranberries, sundew, nrog rau cov orchid uas adorns lub zos meadows.
Lub Polistovsky Reserve kuj yog ib lub tsev khaws khoom ntawm cov nroj tsuag tsis tshua muaj npe hauv Phau Ntawv Liab. Ntawm lawv yog marsh gammaria, Siberian iris, B altic palmate cag, kev sib tw sphagnum, marsh sphagnum thiab ntau lwm tus.
Fauna: tsiaj ntawm Polistovsky Reserve
Cov fauna ntawm Polistovsky Reserve kuj suav nrog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Phau Ntawv Liab. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntau ntawm lawv ntawm cov noog. Yog li, piv txwv li, Central Lavxias teb sab ptarmigan, osprey, black-throated diver, grey crane, dawb-tailed eagle thiab golden dav dawb hau nyob ntawm no yog nyob rau hauv kev hem thawj ntawm kev ploj tuag. Curlew (cov pej xeem coob tshaj plaws nyob hauv Europe), yav qab teb golden plover, grey shrike, thiab lwm yam kuj zes ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cia.
Lub amphibious "cov pej xeem" yog xam los ntawm tsuas yog peb hom tsiaj - cov nquab, hom qav thiab moor qav. Ntawm cov tsiaj reptiles, ib tug yuav nco qab cov viviparous lizard, spindle thiab cov viper.
Tab sis cov tsiaj nyeg ntawm Polistovsky Reserve yog sawv cev dav dav: tsawg ya squirrel, mink thiab yav tsaus ntuj liab; ntau tshaj elk, lynx,roe mos lwj, hma, npua qus, dais, thiab lwm yam - peb caug-rau hom nyob rau hauv tag nrho.
Raws cov pas dej swampy, lawv tsis nplua nuj nyob hauv qab dej. Feem ntau cov tsiaj nyeg yog pike thiab perch. Thiab hauv Lake Polisto koj tuaj yeem ntsib pike perch, burbot, bream, roach, sabrefish thiab ide.
Tourist nam
Lub Polistovsky Reserve, ntawm chav kawm, yog ceev faj tiv thaiv los ntawm tib neeg lub hwj chim, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau qhov xwm txheej. Hauv qee qhov chaw, cov neeg sab nrauv raug txwv nruj kom nkag mus. Tab sis cov neeg mus ncig tebchaws tseem nyob ntawm no.
Tsis ntev los no, ntau thiab ntau zaus koj tuaj yeem nrhiav kev tshaj tawm los ntawm cov koom haum ncig tebchaws tshaj tawm thaj chaw tiv thaiv. Cov qhua raug ntxias los ntawm kev tsaus ntuj, xws li kas fes, dej ntawm pas dej thiab dej ntws, ecological paths, hiking thiab dej txoj kev, paub nrog beavers, xaiv cranberries thiab ntau lwm yam uas yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub niaj hnub urbanized ntiaj teb no, tsis tsuas yog los ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm view. ntawm ib tug kws tshawb fawb, tab sis kuj yog ib tug neeg nyob hauv nroog. nkees ntawm bustle ntawm metropolis.
