Composer Novikov Anatoly Grigorievich: biography, ua hauj lwm thiab nta ntawm creativity

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:56

Composer Anatoly Grigoryevich Novikov yog tus sawv cev zoo nkauj ntawm cov suab paj nruag tshiab, tsim los ntawm 1917 kiv puag ncig. Nws cov txuj ci, lub zog muaj tswv yim tau coj mus rau kev tsim cov suab paj nruag tshiab - zaj nkauj Soviet, qhuas txog kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua tub rog ntawm cov neeg Soviet. Anatoly Novikov mob siab rau nws tag nrho lub neej rau qhov no. Ntau tshaj 600 zaj nkauj tau dhau los ua nws txoj haujlwm, uas tseem nrov niaj hnub no.

pib ntawm tus sau txoj kev taug

Anatoly Grigorievich Novikov, uas nws biography hnub rov qab mus rau lub xyoo pua 19th, los yog lub Kaum Hlis 18 (30), 1896, yug hauv lub nroog ntawm cheeb tsam Ryazan - Skopin.

Nws niam nws txiv, Grigory Osipovich thiab Neonila Nikolaevna, tsis paub ntawv. Nws txiv ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug forge, uas nyob rau sab nraum lub nroog, yog li ntawd tsuas yog phau ntawv uas yav tom ntej composer pom nyob rau hauv nws lub tsev yog How To Shoe Nees.

Tab sis Anatoly thaum yau tsis tau raug tshem tawm ntawm suab paj nruag: yav tsaus ntuj, tsev neeg Novikov nyiam hu nkauj pej xeem, thiab hnub so, kev ua tub rog thiab txhua yam kev ua koob tsheej tau tuav hauv nroog nrog kev koom tes ntawm Zaraisk Infantry. Tub rog. Tab sis dab tsi tub rog parade tshwm sim yam tsis muaj suab paj nruag thiab tub rog cov nkauj? Nov yog txoj kev hlub ntawm yav tom ntej composer rau suab paj nruag, nkauj ntawm pej xeem thiab tub rog-patriotic ntsiab lus yug.

Kev hlub rau suab paj nruag thov kom muaj qhov hluav taws xob, thiab Novikov yuav ib lub balalaika nrog thawj cov nyiaj uas nws khwv tau, sai heev paub qhov kev ua si los ntawm pob ntseg. Tom qab ntawd muaj kev ntshaw rau kev hu nkauj, thiab Anatoly txiav txim siab los kawm suab paj nruag. Xyoo 1912, nws nkag mus rau Ryazan Xib Fwb Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab, kawm tiav xyoo 1916, thiab tam sim ntawd nkag mus rau Moscow Cov Neeg Saib Xyuas.

Tam sim no, tus tub hluas tau qhia lub peev xwm ua suab paj nruag: thaum muaj hnub nyoog 20 xyoo nws tau sau thawj txoj haujlwm hu ua "The Anthem of Liberated Russia". Txawm li cas los xij, ib xyoos tom qab, qhov teeb meem nyiaj txiag nyuaj tau yuam Novikov tawm ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev saib xyuas thiab rov qab mus rau Skopin.

Novikov hauv nws lub tebchaws me me

Rov qab mus rau Skopin, Novikov Anatoly Grigoryevich pib npaj lub tsev kawm suab paj nruag. Ntawm no nws siv cov kev paub ntawm nws cov phooj ywg Moscow. Nws rov hais dua mus rau lub nroog txoj kev kawm nrog kev thov kev pab hauv kev tsim lub tsev kawm suab paj nruag pej xeem tau txaus siab: ib qho ntawm cov chaw xa ntawv tau muab faib rau lub tsev kawm ntawv, ob lub pianos raug xa mus (cov cuab yeej tau pom nyob rau hauv cov tsev ntawm cov tswv av nyob ib puag ncig, uas nws tau thov rau lub tsev kawm ntawv hauv nroog. cov vaj tse raug rhuav tshem), thiab St.cov kws tshaj lij rau kev tsim cov neeg ua haujlwm qhia hauv tsev kawm.

Txawm hais tias lub sijhawm nyuaj tom qab kev hloov pauv, kev kawm ntawm cov menyuam yaus lub tsev kawm suab paj nruag (DMSH) tsis pub dawb, uas, ntawm chav kawm, tseem ceeb heev: kos duab tau nkag mus rau cov menyuam yaus yooj yim tab sis txawj ntse. Cov menyuam yaus lub tsev kawm suab paj nruag yog qhov chaw ntawm kab lis kev cai ntawm lub nroog Skopin, cov neeg txawj ntse hauv zos tau mob siab rau ntsib Novikov txoj kev pib thiab txhawb nqa nws txhua txoj hauv kev.

Lub sijhawm no, Anatoly Grigorievich tau nkag siab meej tias suab paj nruag tau dhau los ua lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub neej rau nws, tab sis tib lub sijhawm nws xav tias nws tsis muaj kev paub thiab xav tau kom tau txais kev kawm suab paj nruag siab dua.

Thiab Moscow dua

Tus kws qhia ntawv yav dhau los ntawm Novikov, tus kws sau nkauj Paskhalov, pom zoo kom tus tub hluas mus kawm hauv Moscow State Conservatory. Xyoo 1921, tus kws sau ntawv hluas tawm mus rau Moscow, qhov chaw uas nws ua tiav kev xeem ntawm lub tsev khaws khoom.

Cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag zoo kawg nkaus ua Novikov cov kws qhia ntawm lub chaw saib xyuas: M. Ivanov-Boretsky, S. Vasilenko, R. Glier, G. Catuara. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev tshawb fawb tsis tau hloov pauv qhov kev xav ntawm kev kawm rau lub neej yav tom ntej: nyob rau hauv 1924, nyob rau hauv tib lub sij hawm nrog cov chav kawm ntawm lub conservatory, Novikov coj lub choir vajvoog ntawm lub club rau tshwj xeeb-lub hom phiaj artillery chav kawm, thiab ces nws raug caw mus rau ib tug kws qhia ntawv. txoj hauj lwm zoo sib xws, tab sis twb nyob hauv lub club ntawm Frunze Academy.

Nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm luv luv Novikov Anatoly ua nto moo raws li ib tug connoisseur ntawm pej xeem song repertoire, choral hu nkauj, instrumentation. Lub Tsev Nruab Nrab ntawm Cov Tub Rog Liab caw nws los ua pawg hu nkauj thiab suab paj nruag.

Ntxiv rau txoj haujlwm no, Anatoly Grigorievich tsim cov tub rog orchestras thiab hu nkauj hauv thaj chaw ntawm Moscow garrison, ua kev sib tham rau cov thawj coj ntawm cov tub rog. Tus kws sau nkauj Anatoly Novikov tau txais cov xwm txheej tsis hais ntawm "tag nrho cov tub rog thawj coj", thiab xyoo 1934 nws tau los ua tus tswv cuab ntawm Pawg Kws Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv ntawm Union of Composers, uas tom qab ntawd nws ua haujlwm rau ntau xyoo.

Txoj kev muaj tswv yim

Tub rog cov ntsiab lus tseem niaj hnub nyob hauv tus kws sau cov haujlwm, thiab nws muaj ntau haiv neeg. Nyob rau hauv nws cov nkauj, Novikov tus composer yeej qhia txog lub neej niaj hnub ntawm cov neeg tiv thaiv ntawm Niam, lawv cov hnub so. Nws tej hauj lwm yog permeated nrog patriotism, comradeship, lawv qhia txog heroes, tub rog kev lig kev cai.

Novikov revives intonations ntawm cov nkauj ntawm peb cov poj koob yawm txwv. Nws coj rov qab mus rau lub neej uas twb yuav luag tsis nco qab lawm cov tub rog qub, Cossack nkauj, nyob rau hauv uas nws txuas ntxiv lub ntsiab lus ntawm patriotism ntawm cov neeg Lavxias teb sab, lub zog ntawm nws tus ntsuj plig. Nyob rau hauv feem ntau ntawm nws tej hauj lwm, Lavxias teb sab suab paj nruas lus dab neeg yog kom meej meej pom: "Huag, yog, koj, Kalinushka", "Blue Dove", "Down the Mother, along the Volga", etc.

Ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm Novikov txoj haujlwm yog qhov qhia meej meej txog kev qhia txog nws cov nkauj. Txawm hais tias cov nkauj uas thaum xub thawj xeeb ua cov nkauj solo tom qab los ua cov suab paj nruag. Peb tuaj yeem hais tias Novikov cov ntawv sau tau zoo rau kev ua haujlwm.

Nws cov nkauj, xws li "Kuv Niam", "Txoj Kev", "Lub Peb Hlis ntawm Cov Tub Rog Communist", "Vasya-Vasilek", thiab lwm yam, tuaj yeem ua ob leeg thiab hu nkauj, ntawm qhov chaw ua yeeb yam thiab ntawm tsheb ciav hlau.

Novikov and films

Anatoly Grigoryevich Novikov, biography uas nws Filmography yog kev cob cog rua nrog kev tsim ntawm Soviet lub hwj chim, lub keeb kwm ntawm lub teb chaws, yog tus composer uas nws tej hauj lwm yooj yim tsis tau dhau los ntawm Soviet xinesmas. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau npe cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm lub sijhawm uas Novikov cov nkauj tsis suab. Nws tsis tshua muaj ib zaj yeeb yaj kiab hais txog kev ua tsov ua rog tsis muaj zaj nkauj "Huag, txoj kev." Txhua yam uas cov tub rog Lavxias tau hnov thiab hnov tau hnov hauv nws.

Ib tug tsis tuaj yeem hais txog zaj nkauj "Smuglyanka", uas tau sau rau xyoo 1940, tab sis qee qhov ntawm nws qhov tawg ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov thawj coj, thiab cov lus sau tsis nco qab.

Nws tau rov kho dua los ntawm tus thawj coj Leonid Bykov, uas tau hnov txog qhov kev xav hauv menyuam yaus los ntawm cov tub rog pem hauv ntej thiab txiav txim siab ua yeeb yaj kiab hais txog cov kws tsav dav hlau, uas "Smuglyanka" tau hnov zoo. Bykov pom qhov npau suav no hauv nws zaj duab xis "Tsuas yog Txiv Neej Laus Mus Sib Tw".

Txij li thaum tso tawm cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm cov ntxaij vab tshaus hauv lub tebchaws, "Smuglyanka" tsim nyog rov qab los rau lub repertoire ntawm ntau tus neeg ua yeeb yam thiab suab paj nruag.

Tus kws sau ntawv cov haujlwm pej xeem

Nyob rau xyoo 1957, tus kws sau nkauj Novikov Anatoly Grigorievich tau raug xaiv los ua tus thawj coj ntawm pawg koom haum koom siab ntawm Composers (SK) ntawm RSFSR thiab tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm pawg thawj coj ntawm USSR SK.

Txij li xyoo 1960, Novikov tau ua Tus Tuav Ntaub Ntawv ntawm Pawg Thawj Coj ntawm Pawg Neeg Tshawb Fawb Republican. Tus kws sau ntawv ua haujlwm hauv txoj haujlwm no txog xyoo 1968.

Los ntawm 1962 txog 1965, Novikov yog tus kws pab tswv yim rau Minister of Culture ntawm USSR. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws dhau los ua tus thawj coj ntawm All-Lavxias Choral Society.

khoom plig thiab lub npe

Anatoly Novikov, uas nws ua haujlwmnrov thiab patriotic uas nws txoj hauj lwm yuav tsis tau overlooked los ntawm lub xeev, nws deservedly sau:

• Stalin nqi zog ntawm qib thib ob;
• Kev Txiav Txim Siab Ntawm Txoj Haujlwm Liab;
• Kev txiav txim ntawm Lenin (ob zaug);
• Kev Txiav Txim Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj;
• hnub qub ntawm Hero ntawm Socialist Labor;

Lub npe ntawm Honour Artist ntawm RSFSR, Cov Neeg Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm RSFSR thiab USSR tau txais txiaj ntsig.

Zoo kawg

Composer Novikov Anatoly Grigorievich tau sau ntau zaj nkauj zoo. Nws yog qhov nthuav tias txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj ib lossis lwm ntu ntawm keeb kwm ntawm peb Niam Txiv, ua haujlwm zoo li lub suab paj nruag monument ntawm kev ua tub rog thiab kev ua haujlwm yeej ntawm cov neeg Lavxias.

Anatoly Grigorievich tuag rau lub Cuaj Hlis 24, 1984. Nws lub ntxa nyob ntawm Novodevichy Cemetery hauv Moscow.

Novikov tus kws sau ntawv yuav nco ntsoov nyob hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm tib neeg raws li tus neeg paub tus ntsuj plig ntawm cov neeg, lawv lub siab nyiam. Ib tug documentary tau yees duab nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm tus zoo composer thiab ib tug ntawv pov thawj raug muab. Nyob rau hauv Skopin, ib tug memorial plaque raug ntsia rau ntawm lub composer lub tsev, ib txoj kev ntawm lub nroog dais nws lub npe.

Hmoov tsis zoo, tam sim no, cov menyuam yaus lub tsev kawm suab paj nruag, tsim los ntawm Novikov hauv nroog Skopin, tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa yav dhau los los ntawm cov thawj coj hauv nroog thiab rub tawm qhov kev nyuaj siab.