Koj tuaj yeem hnov cov dab neeg ntawm historians thiab architects txog Lavxias teb sab pob zeb architecture. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntawm tag nrho cov lus qhia, Vladimir-Suzdal architecture stands. Qhov no tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob, txij li ntau cov kab lis kev cai monuments uas tuaj yeem pom hauv peb lub sijhawm tau khaws cia hauv cov chaw no. Cov dawb pob zeb monuments ntawm Vladimir thiab Suzdal impress thiab amaze lub tswv yim ntawm ntau tiam neeg. Kab lus yuav tham txog ntau yam khoom ntawm qhov kev coj ua vaj tsev no, peb yuav paub txog lawv keeb kwm, tsos thiab ntau ntxiv.
Dab tsi cuam tshuam rau qhov kev taw qhia no?
Rau pib, nws tsim nyog tham txog lo lus "dawb pob zeb monuments ntawm Vladimir thiab Suzdal". Oddly txaus, qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog lub npe ntawm tag nrho cov architectural khoomcov chaw qhia. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev npe ntawm UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Lo lus no hais tam sim ntawd mus rau 8 ancient monuments ntawm architecture. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam Vladimir. Yuav kom nkag siab tias qhov tshwj xeeb style ntawm architecture tau tsim li cas, nws tsim nyog tig mus rau keeb kwm.
Vladimir-Suzdal Principality yog ib lub sijhawm tseem ceeb ntawm kev nom kev tswv thiab kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Russia. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub XII-XIII centuries. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias cov kev taw qhia ntawm architecture uas tsim nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawd nws yog tshwj xeeb. Qhov no muaj tseeb, raws li nws coj los ua ke cov kab ke zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Lavxias thiab Byzantine architecture, koom ua ke hauv ntau yam khoom zoo.
nto moo monuments ntawm qhov kev taw qhia
Yog li, nws paub meej tias lub pob zeb dawb ntawm Vladimir thiab Suzdal zoo li cas. Cov npe tag nrho ntawm cov chaw nyiam suav nrog yim qhov chaw, ntawm lawv hauv qab no:
- Assumption Cathedral.
- Church of Intercession on the Nerl.
- Church of Boris thiab Gleb.
- Ancient Suzdal Kremlin.
- Dmitrievsky Cathedral.
- Golden Gate.
- The Spaso-Evfimiev Monastery.
- Palace ntawm Andrei Bogolyubsky.
Txhua ntawm cov npe architectural monuments muaj nws tus yam ntxwv. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam kab lis kev cai thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm lub xeev. Tam sim no cia peb saib ze ze ntawm lawv ib co.
Church of Boris thiab Gleb
Yog li, ua ntej peb tham txog yam khoom zoo no. Nws yog ib lub tsev architectural uas zoo kawg nkaus qhia cov yam ntxwv ntawm xws licov lus qhia, zoo li lub pob zeb dawb monuments ntawm Vladimir thiab Suzdal. Lub cheeb tsam Vladimir boasts ntau yam khoom nthuav, tab sis nws yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv ib tug nthuav dav.
Lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Boris thiab Gleb yog lub tsev pob zeb dawb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov chaw no, uas hnub rov qab mus rau 1152. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov hnub thaum tus poj huab tais Lavxias teb sab Yuri Dolgoruky kav. Tag nrho nws cov kab yog yooj yim heev, nws muaj ntau yam hniav ntsiab uas zoo heev txwv. Raws li ntau qhov chaw, lub tsev teev ntuj tau raug puas tsuaj thaum lub sij hawm Mongol ntxeem tau, tab sis tom qab ntawd tau rov qab los hauv 1239. Thaum lub sijhawm nws nyob, lub tuam tsev raug rhuav tshem ntau dua ib zaug, ib zaug ntxiv nws tshwm sim hauv XVI-XVII centuries. Ntau ntawm nws cov khoom tau raug rhuav tshem thiab rov tsim dua. Nws yog nthuav tias ntau archaeological excavations tau nqa tawm ntawm no. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tswj xyuas kom pom ntau yam khoom, suav nrog lub pob zeb dawb sarcophagus, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov décor uas yav tas los adorned cov phab ntsa ntawm pawg ntseeg, thiab ntau ntxiv.
Assumption Cathedral
Ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm qhov kev hloov no yog Assumption Cathedral. Zoo li lwm yam dawb-pob zeb monuments ntawm Vladimir thiab Suzdal, nws hnub rov qab mus rau lub sij hawm ntawm pre-Mongol ntxeem tau. Lub tsev teev ntuj tseem amazes cov qhua nrog nws grandeur thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm simplicity. Raws li ntau qhov chaw, rau lub sijhawm ntev lub tsev teev ntuj yog lub hauv paus rau kev pe hawm nyob rau hauv cov chaw no. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm tau tshwm sim ntawm no, piv txwv li, tib neeg tau sib yuav hauv lub tuam tsev.kav ntau Moscow thiab Vladimir princes. Ntawm qhov txaus siab yog qhov tseeb tias lub tsev teev ntuj muaj frescoes los ntawm Andrei Rublev, lawv cov khoom tawg tau muaj sia nyob rau hnub no. Lub tuam tsev hnub rov qab mus rau 1158, thiab nyob rau hauv 1161 nws cov phab ntsa twb tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog tshwj xeeb murals. Lub Assumption Cathedral tau nthuav dav heev tom qab hluav taws kub thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 12th.
Church of Intercession on the Nerl
Nco ntsoov qhia txog lub hlaws ntawm cov pob zeb dawb. Koj tuaj yeem hnov txog nws nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw, nws yog ib txwm nrov heev ntawm tourists. Ntawm chav kawm, tag nrho cov dawb pob zeb monuments ntawm Vladimir thiab Suzdal muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb ntxim nyiam, tab sis qhov chaw no amazes nrog nws silence thiab tranquility. Yog li, cia peb mus rau qhov kev piav qhia ntawm cov khoom. Lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Intercession ntawm lub Nerl, nrog rau lwm yam architectural qauv peb tab tom xav txog, yog nyob rau hauv lub Vladimir cheeb tsam. Yuav kom meej meej, nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm Bogolyubovo. Muaj ntau qhov laj thawj vim li cas lub tuam tsev kab lis kev cai tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv li, nws qhov chaw nyob yog txawv txawv. Yav dhau los, lub tsev teev ntuj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas tus dej Nerl ntws mus rau hauv lub Klyazma. Yog li, nws tau pom zoo los ntawm dej. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab cov dej ntws tau hloov pauv loj heev. Kev tsim kho ntawm lub tuam tsev pib nyob rau hauv 1165 nyob rau hauv Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky, uas txiav txim siab los tsim nws kom perpetuate lub cim xeeb ntawm nws tus tub tuag.
Suzdal Kremlin
cheeb tsam no nto moo tsis yog rau cov tuam tsev xwb. Pob zeb dawbcov monuments ntawm Vladimir thiab Suzdal, cov lus piav qhia uas yuav nyeem tau nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no, kuj muaj xws li ib tug zoo kawg nkaus khoom xws li lub Suzdal Kremlin. Nws yog lwm qhov piv txwv classic ntawm qhov sib txawv no. Lub Kremlin yog qhov qub tshaj plaws ntawm lub nroog, uas, raws li ntau tus kws tshawb fawb, tau tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo pua 10th. Nws tam sim ntawd paub meej tias cov khoom muaj keeb kwm nplua nuj, uas tsim nyog tham txog ntau yam ntxiv. Thaum pib, ib lub fortress tau tsa ntawm no, earthen ramparts nyob ib ncig ntawm nws. Nyob rau ntawm lawv, nyob rau hauv lem, muaj phab ntsa, raws li zoo raws li yees. Los ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th, lub tsev pib muaj zog ntau dua. Lub sijhawm ntawd, ib lub phab ntsa ntoo tshiab loj nrog lub rooj vag thiab 15 tus yees tau tshwm sim ntawm no. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau ntawm cov tuam tsev tsis ncav cuag peb lub sijhawm; lawv tau raug puas tsuaj los ntawm hluav taws kub uas tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo pua 18th. Earthen fortifications thiab qee lub tsev teev ntuj uas yog ib feem ntawm cov tuam tsev tsim vaj tsev tau raug khaws cia.
Qhov chaw no yeej ib txwm nyiam cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi. Txhua txhua hnub koj tuaj yeem pom cov neeg tuaj saib ntawm no, vim muaj coob tus xav pom xws li cov khoom qub qub ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam. Yog li, peb tau tshuaj xyuas cov pob zeb dawb ntawm Vladimir thiab Suzdal. Russia muaj ntau qhov chaw sib txawv, tab sis cov chaw no yuav nyiam txhua tus.
