Kev tua hluav taws: ua rau, hom thiab qhov tshwm sim

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:54

Ua ntej piav qhia txog qhov ua rau hluav taws kub hnyiab, Kuv xav kom nco ntsoov tias muaj coob tus neeg tuag los ntawm hluav taws kub tswj tsis tau hnub no thiab tag nrho cov zos raug kev txom nyem. Lub caij no yog qhov phem tshaj plaws ntawm noob neej, vim hais tias ntawm cov neeg, tag nrho cov nyob thiab inanimate xwm raug kev txom nyem. Tam sim no, ib yam li yav dhau los, qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem tshwm sim.

Globalism

Hluav taws ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau tag nrho ib puag ncig ib puag ncig peb. Rau lub xeev, kev lag luam thiab tus kheej rau ib tug neeg muaj kev hem thawj rau lub neej. Feem ntau qhov ua rau hluav taws kub yog tus neeg nws tus kheej. Txhua yam teeb meem tuav hluav taws los yog qhov chaw ntawm ignition. Piv txwv li, nrog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, luam yeeb, kev sib tw tsis sib haum, lub qhov cub hluav taws xob lossis hluav taws xob vuam. Kev ua txhaum ntawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis, cov cai tswj hwm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob - qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau ntau tus neeg. Txhua xyoo cov hluav taws kub hnyiab tau nce ntau. Yog koj tsis ua kev tua hluav tawstxheej xwm, tsuas muaj yuav muaj ntxiv.

Nyob hauv peb lub teb chaws, muaj hluav taws kub hnyiab heev, cov laj thawj uas yuav tau tham me ntsis tom qab. Russia poob ntau qhov chaw hauv xyoo 2010. Qhov hluav taws kub hnyiab tau thaj chaw loj ntawm hav zoov. Raws li kev txheeb cais, ntau tshaj 300 txhiab hectares tuag txhua xyoo.

yam ntxwv

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib ua ntej txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau hluav taws kub hav zoov. Muaj ob hom tom kawg. Ntsuag thiab caij.

Thaum thawj zaug, tag nrho cov hav zoov hlawv tawm, lichens, ntoo me, mosses, thiab cov ntoo feem ntau nyob twj ywm, tsuas yog cov tawv ntoo hlawv ntawm lub pob tw (hauv qab, ntawm cov hauv paus hniav).

Thaum hluav taws kub hnyiab feem ntau hlawv tawm sab saud ntawm cov ntoo. Nws yog qhov txaus ntshai heev, raws li qhov hluav taws kub kis mus rau saum cov ntoo los ntawm cov cua uas tsim los ntawm thermal convective tam sim no ntawm hluav taws. Cov cua daj cua dub zoo li no tuaj yeem nqa tau txawm tias cov ntoo kub hnyiab mus deb heev.

Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Nyab Xeeb

Yog av hluav taws hauv hav zoov tua nrog dej los ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom lossis lwm lub thawv thauj khoom, nrog rau kev plowing hav zoov los ntawm kev tsoo cov nplaim taws nrog cov ceg ntoo thiab lub ntiaj teb, ces cov hluav taws kub hnyiab raug tshem tawm los ntawm txoj kev. aviation nrog dej.

muaj kev zam. Lawv coj cov nplaim taws mus rau qhov hluav taws kub, uas yog tsim artificially. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv nws txoj kev sib kis, dav hlau ceev faj kom tsis txhob poob rau hauv cov dej ntws. Ntawd yog, rau hauv huab cua kub los ntawm hluav taws. Yog tias koj tsis ceev faj, lub dav hlau lossis lub dav hlau yuav poob rau hauv qhov hluav taws kub.

Anthropogenic ua rau

Qhov ntawd yog, cov uas cuam tshuam nrog tus neeg. Qhov tseeb, hluav taws kub hav zoov feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm tib neeg. Cov laj thawj yog raws li nram no:

• Kev tuav hluav taws tsis tu ncua. Qhov no suav nrog kev tsis saib xyuas ntawm cov neeg yos hav zoov thiab cov neeg ncig teb chaw uas tsis tso cov khoom sib tw, hluav taws kub thiab luam yeeb pob tw. Qee lub sij hawm txawm tias lub teeb los ntawm lub tsheb muffler txaus los ua rau cov hniav ntawm cov nyom, uas cov nplaim yuav kis mus ntxiv.
• Tsim hluav taws ntawm peat bogs.
• Tsis nco qab lub raj mis hauv hav zoov lossis cov khoom tawg uas tsis tau khaws cia. Lub teeb hla thiab refracts zoo kawg nkaus los ntawm lawv, uas ua rau lub lens nyhuv (lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev teeb tsa hluav taws rau daim ntawv los ntawm lub iav magnifying).
• Kev siv wads (dua, peb tab tom tham txog cov neeg yos hav zoov) los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws kub heev.
• Kev kub nyhiab ua liaj ua teb uas tsis muaj kev tswj hwm (kev hlawv nyom ntawm thaj chaw deb lossis chaw hayfield) thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
• Tsis quav ntsej txog kev nyab xeeb hluav taws. Ib qho piv txwv yooj yim: ib tug txiv neej tab tom tsav tsheb raws hav zoov hauv lub tsheb, nres kom ntim lub tank los ntawm lub kaus poom. Nws muab nws txhais tes nrog ib daim ntaub so ntswg, muab pov rau hauv av, thiab mus ntxiv. Lwm tus neeg tsav tsheb tau tsav los ntawm, leej twg tab tom ua tiav nws cov luam yeeb, thiab pov ib lub luam yeeb tawm ntawm lub qhov rais. Nws tau txais ib daim ntaub so ntswg hauv roj av, thiab hluav taws tshwm sim. Qhov twg txuas mus rau hav zoov.

Cov no yog qhov ua rau hluav taws kub hav zoov. Hmoov tsis zoo, tsis yog txhua tus neeg xav txog qhov tshwm sim. Thiab ntau tus tsuas yog tsis hwm qhov xwm txheej.

Natural factor

Lawv kuj yuav tsum tau hais thaum tham txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm hluav taws kub hav zoov. Feem ntau, ntawm chav kawm, tus neeg yuav liam, tab sis tej yam ntuj tso kuj tshwm sim. Nov yog cov npe ntawm lawv:

• nag xob nag cua qhuav.
• Zippers.
• Tornado.
• Earthquakes.
• cua daj cua dub.
• Tornados.
• Hurricanes.
• - tshwm sim sib xyaw ntawm ib tug peat bog.

thawj qhov tshwm sim yog tsim nyog them rau. Cov cua daj cua dub qhuav yog tsawg, tab sis lawv ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj. Lawv yog cumulonimbus huab nrog nag lossis daus. Uas tsis ncav cuag hauv av, tab sis evaporate. Txhua yam yog nrog los ntawm xob quaj thiab muaj zog hluav taws xob tawm mus rau hauv cov ntoo. Thiab txij li thaum tsis muaj dej noo (thunderstorms qhuav), hluav taws tshwm sim. Hais txog dab tsi yog qhov ua rau hluav taws kub hnyiab, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov tshwm sim no ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim txaus ntshai tshaj plaws. Vim tsis paub tias xob laim npaum li cas los nag xob nag cua qhuav tuaj.

Peat hluav taws

Lawv kuj yuav tsum tau hais. Peat yog ib yam khoom uas tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis tiav decomposition ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob nyob rau hauv uas dhau humidity reigns thiab tsis txaus aeration. Tias yog vim li cas cov khoom no yog cov dej noo tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov roj uas twb muaj lawm.

Dab tsi yog qhov ua rau hluav taws kub hnyiab, tau hais saum toj no. Thiab dab tsi yam provoke lub ignition ntawm peat? Cov tseem ceeb yog:

• Kev ua yuam kevhluav taws.
• Kev sib kis tshwm sim (tshwm sim yog tias qhov kub sab nraud yog siab dua 50 degrees).
• xob laim.

Hluav taws kub tshwj xeeb

Feem ntau, hluav taws kub tshwm sim rau qhov thib ob uas tau hais tseg. Tsis xav tsis thoob, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam ntawm central Russia cov av warms li 52-54 degrees. Thiab txij li peat yog tsim los ntawm hydrogen, carbon thiab oxygen atoms, ignition ntawm qhov kub thiab txias tsis ntev los no. Nws tag nrho pib nrog smoldering, thiab loj hlob mus rau hauv ib tug loj-scale nplaim taws.

Tau kawg, qhov ua rau hav zoov thiab peat hluav taws tuaj yeem zoo ib yam. Tab sis kev teev npe lawv dua tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Nws tsuas yog tsim nyog sau cia tias "kaum swirls" ntawm plua plav thiab tshauv feem ntau yog tsim los saum toj ntawm qhov chaw ntawm peat hluav taws, uas tau thauj mus rau qhov ntev los ntawm cov cua muaj zog thiab thaum kawg ua rau foci tshiab. Nws kuj ua rau kub nyhiab ntau rau tsiaj thiab tib neeg.

Txhais tau

Thaum tham txog cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm hluav taws kub hav zoov, nws tsim nyog xa mus rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Lavxias Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Xwm Ceev. Nws muaj cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb heev. Nws tau hais tias cov xwm txheej no yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb uas txiav txim siab qhov kev hloov pauv thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm cov nyiaj hav zoov thoob plaws hauv peb lub tebchaws. Hauv particular, thaj tsam ntawm Far East thiab Siberia. Nyob ntawd, cov cheeb tsam ntawm cov nroj tsuag tuag thiab qhov chaw hlawv ntau zaus ntau dua li qhov ntim ntawm cov clearings. Tib yam siv rau cov European feem ntawm lub tebchaws, tab sis rau qhov tsawg dua.

Kev txheeb cais yeej txaus ntshai heev thiab ua rau koj xav paub tias dab tsi yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm hluav taws kub hav zoov uatxhua yam ua tau los tiv thaiv lawv. Vim li cas? Vim tias hav zoov npog 22% ntawm tag nrho lub tebchaws! Thiab txhua xyoo hauv Lavxias Federation tsawg kawg yog 10,000 qhov hluav taws kub tau sau npe. Thiab raws li qhov siab tshaj plaws - 35,000. Thiab qhov no tsuas yog nyob rau hauv hav zoov. Thiab lawv npog thaj chaw loj heev - los ntawm 500,000 txog 2,000,000 hectares. Needless hais txog kev puas tsuaj, kwv yees li ntawm 20 billion rubles. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txog li 1/3 ntawm kev poob yog suav nrog kev ua hav zoov (poob ntoo).

About industrial fires

Qhov ua rau hav zoov thiab peat hluav taws tau teev saum toj no. Thaum kawg, thaum kawg ntawm lub ncauj lus, kuv xav luv luv tham txog tib neeg tsim. Tom qab tag nrho, lawv tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txaus ntshai.

Cov no suav nrog hluav taws kub ntawm cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob nuclear, cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob thiab cov chaw uas muaj kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg ntau, hauv cov chaw khaws roj thiab cov roj refineries. Thiab tseem nyob rau hauv weaving factories, qhov twg cov plua plav sau tuaj yeem ignite spontaneously. Qhov tshwm sim yog thoob ntiaj teb, vim hais tias cov paj rwb hlawv yog qhov nyuaj heev rau kev tso tawm, vim tias nws muaj cov pa oxygen ntau, thiab txawm tias txo qis cov paj rwb rau hauv hiav txwv, nws yuav tsis muaj peev xwm tua nws. Nws tseem yuav kub hnyiab tau dej hauv qab.

Cov hluav taws kub li cas thiaj li tshem tau? Los ntawm cov khoom hauv qab no:

• Dej. Tus neeg tua hluav taws ntau tshaj plaws.
• Sand. Siv los tua hluav taws me me.
• Tawm cov hmoov, ua npuas dej, carbon dioxide.

Thaum xaiv yam khoom, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas. Piv txwv li, tus neeg sawv cev foaming nrog dej yog siv los tua cov khoom siv roj. Nwsqhov sib ntxiv yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua, raws li nws tsim cov rwb thaiv tsev tiv thaiv kev nkag ntawm oxygen rau hauv lub tank nrog cov khoom siv roj hlawv. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tuaj yeem tua cov khoom siv roj nrog dej xwb, vim nws ib leeg yuav tsis tsim kev tiv thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm oxygen thiab nws tus kheej ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yuav decompose rau hauv oxygen thiab hydrogen, uas yuav ua rau tawg.

Zoo, hluav taws tsis muaj leej twg. Hauv kev sib txuas nrog ntau qhov hluav taws kub, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj heev nrog cov xwm txheej thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Peb yuav tsum ceev faj. Pom cov luam yeeb kub los yog lub raj mis pw hauv lub hnub, nws yog qhov zoo dua los tshem tawm nws kom txuag tau txoj sia rau koj tus kheej, xwm txheej thiab cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig koj. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov hluav taws kub feem ntau tshwm sim vim tib neeg ua txhaum. Thiab ib tug tuaj yeem ntseeg qhov no raws li txhua yam uas tau hais ua ntej.