Dzhemilev Mustafa: biography ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm Crimean Tatars

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:52

Qhov xwm txheej geopolitical ntawm peb lub ntiaj teb feem ntau, yog tias tsis tas li, tseem nruj. Kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev cuam tshuam thiab kev lag luam, thoob plaws thaj chaw thiab cov pej xeem - qee zaum kev ua nom ua tswv tsis pab, thiab cov teeb meem zoo li no pib daws nrog kev pab ntawm riam phom.

Tus phab ej ntawm tsab xov xwm no yog tus thawj coj ntawm Crimean Tatars, Mustafa Dzhemilev, uas, vim yog qhov xwm txheej hauv Ukraine, yuav luag ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov xwm txheej uas tshwm sim thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 2014 hauv Crimea.

Mustafa Dzhemilev tau yug los rau hauv tsev neeg ntawm cov neeg muaj zog tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam thiab tawm tsam Soviet thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 13, 1943, ntawm qhov siab ntawm Great Patriotic War, hauv lub zos me me ntawm Bozkoy. Lub upbringing yog kev cai dab qhuas, nyob rau hauv raws li nruj kev cai thiab kev lig kev cai ntawm lub Tatars. Niam hu ua Mahfure, leej txiv - Abdulcemil. Mustafa Dzhemilev tau txais los ntawm nws niam nws txiv hlub nws haiv neeg thiab tsis nyiam rau Soviet tsoom fwv txij thaum yau.

Nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 1944, tsev neeg Dzhemilev raug ntiab tawm ntawm Crimea, sai li sai tau cov ceg av qab teb tau dim los ntawm cov tub rog Soviet los ntawm Nazi invaders. Lub nroog me ntawm Gulistan hauv Uzbekistan tau dhau los ua lub tsev tshiab rau tsev neeg Dzhemilev.

Kawm thiab tshem tawm hauv tsev kawm qib siab

Tom qab kawm tiav tsev kawm ntawv hauv nroog Gulistan, Mustafa Dzhemilev tau ua haujlwm ntawm lub tuam txhab dav hlau hauvTashkent raws li ib tug turner. Tom qab ntawd nws hloov nws qhov tshwj xeeb mus rau tus kws kho qhov muag thiab tus kws kho hluav taws xob.

Xyoo 1962, Mustafa Dzhemilev tau thov rau Tashkent Institute of Irrigation thiab Melioration of Agriculture thiab, tau dhau qhov kev xeem nkag, nkag mus. Peb xyoos tom qab, nws raug ntiab tawm mus rau sau ib tsab xov xwm hais txog Turkic kab lis kev cai nyob rau hauv lub Crimea, qhov twg cov thawj coj ntawm lub koom haum pom kev thuam ntawm Soviet hwj chim thiab Turkic nationalism. Txawm hais tias, raws li ib tug version, Dzhemilev, ua ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv, pib mus koom lub Union ntawm Crimean Tatar hluas, thiab tom qab lub "kev sib tham" nrog tus rector, nws tsuas ntshai ntawm qhov tshwm sim thiab tsis mus kawm ntawv. raug ntiab tawm vim kev kawm tsis tiav.

Thawj Qhov Kev Pom Zoo

Thawj zaug Mustafa tsaws hauv tsev kaw neeg yog xyoo 1966. Nyob rau hauv lub Tsib Hlis ntawm lub xyoo no, nws raug sau tseg rau hauv cov tub rog, thiab ntawm no dua muaj ob versions: txawm nws tsis kam mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Soviet pab tub rog, los yog nws tsuas tsis quav ntsej cov summons thiab hu mus rau lub tub rog npe thiab enlistment chaw ua hauj lwm. Rau evading kev pab cuam, nws raug txim mus rau 1.5 xyoo nyob rau hauv tsev lojcuj. Nws raug tso tawm ntawm kev saib xyuas thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg lig 1967. Rov qab mus ua haujlwm tom qab nws raug kaw hauv tsev loj cuj.

Human rights activist Mustafa Dzhemilev

Nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo caum, nws tau los ua ib tug ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm lub Initiative pab pawg neeg rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm tib neeg txoj cai nyob rau hauv lub USSR, uas feem ntau muaj xws li dissidents, yav dhau los los yog yav tom ntej nom tswv raug kaw, thiab Soviet txawj ntse. Tom qab ntawd nws raug ntes rau kev faib cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis lees paub lub tebchaws Soviet thiab kev coj noj coj ua ntawm USSR. Nyob rau hauv Lub ib hlis ntuj 1970, nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Tashkent, qhov twg Mustafa Dzhemilev tseem nyob,ib lub rooj sib hais tau raug kaw thaum qhov kev txiav txim tau hais tias: peb xyoos nyob rau hauv tsev lojcuj.

Tso tawm ntxov, pib ua haujlwm ua tus kws tshaj lij. Ob xyoos tom qab, nws tau raug coj mus kaw dua, lub sijhawm no rau kev khiav tawm ntawm kev cob qhia tub rog. Thaum nws nyob hauv tsev lojcuj, nws tau tawm tsam kev tawm tsam Soviet ntawm cov neeg raug kaw, uas tau pib ua txhaum cai tshiab. Hauv kev tawm tsam, Mustafa Dzhemilev, uas nws phau ntawv keeb kwm los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd pib tag nrho ntawm kev hloov pauv thiab theem, tshaj tawm kev tshaib kev nqhis. Nws raug yuam kom noj los ntawm ib lub raj, raws li kev tshaib kev nqhis tau kav kaum lub hlis.

Lub Plaub Hlis 1976, lub tsev hais plaub hauv nroog Omsk tau txiav txim rau Mustafa rau ob xyoos thiab ib nrab nyob rau hauv tsev lojcuj. Incidentally, ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg txoj cai activist, Academician Sakharov, muaj kev nco txog qhov kev sim no. Tom qab nws tso tawm (lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1977) nws tseem nyob hauv Tashkent.

Nyob rau hauv lub lig seventies, nws tau raug txim dua rau kev ua txhaum cai ntawm kev saib xyuas, lub sij hawm no xa mus tob rau hauv Siberia - mus rau Yakutia. Lub tsev hais plaub tau txiav txim siab: plaub xyoos raug kaw. Thaum nws ua nws kab lus, nws ntsib nws tus poj niam los ntawm cov ntawv. Tom qab ib pliag, nws los cuag nws. Lawv tau sib yuav nyob ntawd, hauv Yakutia. Newlyweds siv plaub xyoos ntawm exile tes ntawm tes thiab, rov qab los ntawm Siberia, sab laug rau Crimea. Muaj tseeb tiag, ob peb hnub tom qab ntawd, Mustafa thiab nws tus poj niam raug coj tawm ntawm ceg av qab teb thiab xa mus rau Uzbekistan, mus rau lawv qhov chaw nyob mus tas li.

Xyoo 1983 nws raug coj mus kaw zaum thib tsib hauv nws lub neej. Lawv liam nws ntawm kev sau thiab faib cov ntaub ntawv uas thuam tsoomfwv Soviet,thiab kuj tau muaj npe ntawm cov provocateurs uas tau npaj kev tawm tsam hauv Crimea. Hauv Tashkent, nws raug txim rau peb xyoos nyob rau hauv tsev lojcuj. Thaum kawg ntawm 1986, nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm Uptar (Magadan Cheeb Tsam), Mustafa raug ncua kev txiav txim ntawm peb lub xyoos nyob rau hauv tsev lojcuj thiab tso tawm nyob rau hauv lub tsev hais plaub. Perestroika pib, thiab lawv pib saib cov anti-Soviet los ntawm lawv cov ntiv tes. Mustafa Dzhemilev tau tawm mus rau Tashkent, qhov chaw nws qhib siab los sau cov neeg txhawb nqa los tsim kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke tag nrho ntawm Crimean Tatars.

Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav xyoo 1987, lub rooj sib tham ntawm All-Union Initiative Pawg ntawm Crimean Tatar National Movement tau muaj nyob rau hauv Tashkent, qhov twg Mustafa Dzhemilev tau raug xaiv los ua ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Central Initiative Group.

Rov qab mus rau Crimea

Xyoo 1989 muaj qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb tshwm sim rau Dzhemilev - nws rov qab mus rau Crimea. Ua ke nrog nws tsev neeg, nws nyob hauv Bakhchisarai. Nyob rau hauv 1991, thawj Kurultai yog convened - lub Congress ntawm lub Crimean Tatars, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm lub tseem ceeb lub koom haum ntawm lub Kurultai raug xaiv - lub Mejlis ntawm lub Crimean Tatar neeg, uas mus txog rau thaum 2013 yog thawj coj ntawm Mustafa. Nws coj kev sib cav sib ceg nrog cov thawj coj ntawm Crimean Tatars uas tawm tsam Kyiv.

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, thaum rov qab mus rau Crimea, Mustafa Dzhemilev tau koom tes nrog kev nom kev tswv thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm Crimea, thiab tom qab ntawm Ukraine tag nrho.

kev ua nom ua tswv

Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-nineties, Mustafa Dzhemilev pib active nom tswv kev ua si tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub Crimea, tab sis kuj thoob plaws Ukraine. Tau los ua ze rau Cov Neeg Rukh ntawm Ukraine, nws raug xaiv los ntawm nws musVerkhovna Rada ntawm Ukraine nyob rau hauv 1998. Plaub xyoos tom qab, nws tau khiav mus rau Peb lub koom haum Ukraine. Xyoo 2006, nws kuj tau los ua tswv cuab ntawm Rada.

Mustafa ntawm Rada cov rooj sib tham tau qhia nws tus kheej tsis yog tsuas yog ib tus neeg mob siab rau Russophobe (uas yog qhov nkag siab zoo), tab sis kuj yog tus txhawb nqa ntawm kev tsis lees paub ntawm Armenian genocide. Lub sij hawm no hais txog peb mus rau thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, thaum Armenia nyob rau hauv txoj cai ntawm tus quab ntawm Turkish. Xyoo 1915, kev tua neeg coob ntawm cov neeg Armenian tau tshwm sim thiab cov neeg sau keeb kwm tseem tab tom sib cav yuav ua li cas kho qhov tseeb - raws li kev ntxuav ntawm cov pej xeem lossis ua tsov rog ntawm cov neeg Armenian rau kev ywj pheej, thaum lub sij hawm hnyav raug kev txom nyem. Mustafa yog qhov kev xaiv thib ob.

Nws yog lub taub hau ntawm Mejlis mus txog rau thaum xaus ntawm 2013, muab nws lub luag haujlwm rau Refat Chubarov.

pib ntawm "Crimean ntsoog"

Tus thawj coj ntawm Crimean Tatars, Mustafa Dzhemilev, tau hais tawm tsam Russia qhov kev ua thaum lub sijhawm "Crimean ntsoog" thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 2014. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis, nws txawm hais tias yog cov tub rog Lavxias nkag mus rau hauv ceg av qab teb, lawv yuav tau txais Chechnya thib ob. Nyob rau tib hnub, nws tau sib tham hauv xov tooj nrog Putin, uas yuav tham txog ntau yam hauv qab no. Mustafa Dzhemilev lub rooj sib tham nrog Vladimir Putin tau npaj, tab sis tsis muaj qhov chaw.

Kuj nyob rau lub Peb Hlis 2014, Mustafa ntsib nrog NATO cov neeg sawv cev, hais kom lawv xa cov tub rog saib xyuas kev thaj yeeb rau Crimea. Tom qab tsis kam, nws mus rau Qaib Cov Txwv, qhov chaw uas nws hais kom tsoom fwv Turkish los thaiv Crimea los ntawm hiav txwv. Tab sis txawm nyob ntawm no nws yuav tsis kam.

YDzhemilevKev nkag mus rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm Russia yog txwv tsis pub, thiab txij li Crimea kuj yog ib feem ntawm Russia, Mustafa yuav tsis tshwm sim rau xyoo 2019. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau kev mus ntsib.

Lub Yim Hli, Ukrainian Thawj Tswj Hwm Petro Poroshenko tau muaj lub tswv yim los tsim "kev tswj hwm lub koom pheej ntawm Crimea", muab ib feem ntawm cheeb tsam Kherson nyob rau hauv nws, thiab hloov kev coj noj coj ua nyob rau hauv Dzhemilev. Thaum Lub Ob Hlis, Mustafa tau hu rau Poroshenko los qhia txog kev thaiv tag nrho ntawm Crimea, cuam tshuam cov dej ntws, hluav taws xob, thiab roj. Nws kuj yog Mustafa uas yog ib qho ntawm cov neeg txhawb nqa ntawm kev thaiv kev lag luam tiav ntawm ceg av qab teb.

Lub Ib Hlis 21, lub tsev hais plaub ntawm lub nroog Simferopol tau ntes Mustafa nyob rau hauv qhov tsis tuaj yeem vim ua rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub xeev lub hwj chim thiab kev ua phem.

Ntxhais hmoob

Mustafa ntsib nws tus poj niam hauv Yakutia thaum nws raug ntiab tawm mus. Nws lub npe yog Safinanr thiab nws yog lub taub hau ntawm Pab Koomtes ntawm Crimean Tatar Women.

Tus tub hlob ntawm Mustafa Dzhemilev yog Eldar. Tus yau hu ua Hyser thiab tau nto moo rau kev tua nws tus phooj ywg uas ua haujlwm ntawm nws lub tsev. Khaiser tau raug txim thiab raug kaw, txawm hais tias kev tiv thaiv tau hais kom lees paub Khaiser ua neeg vwm thiab muab nws tso rau hauv tsev kho mob puas hlwb. Qhov tseeb nthuav yog hais tias tus tub tau ua txhaum txoj cai twb nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Russia, qhov twg nws txiv raug txwv tsis pub nkag mus. Nyob rau hauv kev sib tham nrog Putin, Mustafa tau kov txog qhov teeb meem no, uas Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Russia tau cog lus tias yuav tso Khaiser ntawm qhov xwm txheej tias txhua yam nyob hauv Crimea thiab Crimean Tatars, uas Mustafa Dzhemilev tsis yog thawj coj, tab sis yog lub cim, yuav tsis ua tej yam provocative ua uas yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv Crimea. Nco qab tiaskev sib tham tau tshwm sim rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 2014.

Mustafa tus ntxhais xeeb ntxwv tau dai nws tus kheej thaum muaj kaum xyoo. Tus kws lij choj lub chaw ua haujlwm tsim cov laj thawj.

Kev sib tham nrog Thawj Tswj Hwm

Raws li Mustafa, nws tham nrog Vladimir Vladimirovich li ib nrab teev. Lub sijhawm no, peb tau tham txog qhov xwm txheej hauv Crimea, qhov twg txhua tus tau qhia lawv txoj haujlwm thiab lawv qhov kev xav ntawm qhov xwm txheej. Ob leeg Putin thiab Dzhemilev tsis xav kom muaj kev kub ntxhov nyob rau hauv Crimea, yog li nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nrhiav qee txoj hauv kev tawm ntawm qhov xwm txheej, uas tau cua sov txhua hnub ntau dua. Putin, raws li ib tug tej zaum yuav hais, ua ib tug knight txoj kev txav - nws muab Mustafa tso nws tus tub mus, tab sis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub mob uas yuav muaj kev thaj yeeb nyob rau hauv Crimea thaum lub sij hawm lub referendum. Dzhemilev tau cog lus tias nws yuav ua txhua yam uas nyob ntawm nws. Thaum xub thawj, cov nom tswv xav ntsib, tab sis kev sib tham hauv xov tooj qhia tias tsis muaj dab tsi tham ntxiv. Lub rooj sib tham raug muab tso tseg.

Hnub no

Hnub no, Mustafa yog ib tus kws tshaj lij tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Ukraine. Kev ntxub ntxaug rau Russia yog tshwm sim tsis yog los ntawm kev nruj ntawm Lavxias Federation thiab Ukraine, tab sis kuj los ntawm kev npau taws rau kev poob ntawm Crimea, Mustafa lub teb chaws.

Tus nom tswv tau txais ntau qhov kev txiav txim thiab khoom plig, uas tau muab rau nws rau kev ntxhov siab thiab kev tshaj tawm los ntawm tsoomfwv ntawm ntau lub tebchaws sab hnub poob. Nyob rau hauv nws kev xam phaj, Mustafa prophesies txoj hmoo ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees rau Russia, piv lub annexation ntawm Crimea nrog lub txeeb ntawm Poland thiab Austria los ntawm German pab tub rog ua ntej Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II.

In xaus

MustafaDzhemilev, zoo li txhua yam kev nom kev tswv, pej xeem thiab ideological thawj coj, yog ib tug complex daim duab. Thiab nyob ntawm seb sab twg koj yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb, koj yuav tsum tau saib tib lub sijhawm sib txawv. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb soj ntsuam cov biography ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm lub Crimean Tatars, Ukrainian politician, qub Soviet dissident Mustafa Dzhemilev.