Kalinkin choj hauv St. Petersburg: duab, piav qhia, keeb kwm

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:07

Tsuas muaj peb tus choj hauv St. Petersburg hu ua Kalinkin: Malo-Kalinkin, Staro-Kalinkin thiab Novo-Kalinkin.

Lub Staro-Kalinkin Choj tuaj yeem hu ua qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws architectural monument ntawm lub nroog St. Petersburg, stretching hla lub Fontanka nyob rau hauv Central District ntawm lub nroog thiab txuas lub Nameless thiab Kolomensky Islands.

Cov kab lus muab qee cov ntaub ntawv hais txog tus choj Kalinkin: duab, piav qhia, keeb kwm thiab nta.

Qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm lub npe choj

Lub npe ntawm txhua tus choj Kalinka los ntawm Finnish lub npe ntawm lub zos, nyob rau hauv qis dua ntawm tus dej Fontanka - Kallina. Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm lub nroog St. Petersburg, lub npe ntawm lub zos twb remade nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab yam thiab los ua lub npe hu ua Kalinkina. Thiab ntawm daim ntawv qhia qub nws tau raug xaiv ua Callina lossis Kaljula.

Ntawm no yog cov npe ntawm cov choj tuaj.

Keeb Kwm Ntawm Peb Tus Choj

Tam sim no, cov choj ntawm St. Petersburg yog qhov tshwj xeeb thiab tshwj xeeb kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub nroog cov tsos thiab keeb kwm monuments. Thiab muaj ntau ntau hauv nroog.

Qhov qub tshaj plaws ntawm peb tus choj Kalinka hauv St. Petersburg yogStaro-Kalinkin, ua rau xyoo 1733 (tsim los ntawm Gerard I. I. thiab Sukhtelen P. K.). Thaum xub thawj, nws yog ntoo thiab txij li thaum 1737 nws yog ib tug drawbridge. Nyob rau xyoo 1893, cov ntoo ntu tau hloov los ntawm ib qho khoom ruaj khov, ua los ntawm pob zeb. Qhov chaw ntawm tus choj yog thaj chaw ntawm Admir alteysky koog tsev kawm ntawv, thiab, raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, nws txuas rau Bezymyanny thiab Kolomensky Islands tuaj.

Malo-Kalinkin choj (hauv lwm lo lus, Malo-Kalinkinsky) tau tsim xyoo 1783 (engineer I. N. Borisov). Nws txuas Pokrovsky thiab Kolomna Islands, khiav hla Griboyedov Canal. Kev tswj hwm, nws tseem nyob hauv cheeb tsam Admir alteisky.

Tus tub yau tshaj plaws Novo-Kalinkin choj yog thawj zaug tsim hla Obvodny Canal. Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo ntawm Staro-Petergofsky Avenue yuav luag tam sim ntawd tom qab kev tsim kho ntawm tus kwj dej nws tus kheej (1836). Tus sau ntawm qhov project ntawm peb-ntev ntoo hla yog engineer Bazin P. P.

History ntawm Staro-Kalinkin Choj

Nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg (daim duab qhia nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm), tus choj no yog ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau cim keeb kwm thiab architectural sights. Raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, thaum chiv keeb muaj ib tug choj ntoo ntau yam.

dhau los ua tus choj (1785-1788) tau dhau los ua tus choj thib xya hla Fontanka. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv tau ua raws li tus qauv tsim ntawm tus kws kos duab-engineer J. R. Perrone. Cov kev txuas ntawm qhov nruab nrab tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov saw txuas nrog rau cov pavilion yees.

Xyoo 1890, tsoomfwv lub nroog tau pom zoochoj reconstruction project. Nws tau tsim los ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse M. I. Ryllo. Qhov project khaws cov yees, tab sis deprived tus choj ntawm cov khoom zoo nkauj: obelisks nrog dai lanterns, sidewalk railings, built-in granite rooj zaum. Lub sijhawm tom ntej, raws li txoj haujlwm no, Kalinkin choj tau rov tsim dua xyoo 1892-1893. Qhov kev tsim kho dua tshiab no kuj tau txuas nrog lub zeem muag tshiab ntawm kev tso lem rau trams. Yog li ntawd, qhov ntev ntawm cov ntoo tau hloov los ntawm pob zeb. Obelisks, lub rooj ntev zaum thiab parapet tau ploj lawm, thiab tsuas yog cov pej thuam xwb thiaj dim.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias tom qab ua tiav kev tsim kho hauv xyoo 19th, cov tib lub yees tau muaj sia nyob ntawm 2 tus choj - Chernyshev (nyob rau sab sauv ntawm tus dej) thiab Staro-Kalinkin tau piav qhia hauv tsab xov xwm.

kho dua tshiab tshiab

Raws li kev tsim kho xyoo 1907-1908, tus choj tau nthuav dav dua. Granite vaults tau txuas rau nws ob sab saum toj thiab hauv qab.

Xyoo 1965, pab pawg Lenmostotrest tau thov kom rov kho qhov qub keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm Kalinkin choj, uas tau txais kev txhawb nqa, thiab tus kws tsim vaj tsev I. N. Benois tau tsim ib txoj haujlwm tshiab. Ua tsaug rau qhov kev kho dua tshiab no, tus choj tau txais qhov zoo li ze li sai tau rau tus choj qub. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm, yuav luag tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub qub décor tau rov qab los. Xyoo 1969, raws li lwm qhov project (tus kws tsim vaj tsev Ivanov V. M.), gilding tau rov qab los ntawm cov ntsiab lus hlau ntawm décor (pob ntawm obelisks thiab yees). Xyoo 1986-1987. teeb tau teeb tsa rau ntawm cov yees thiab cov plaques nco txog, nrog rau cov hnub pib thiab ua tiav ntawm kev tsim kho tau qhia rau lawv.ua haujlwm.

Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kev tsim kho tshiab tsis ntev los no, Staro-Kalinkin Choj tau muab nws qhov zoo li qub - qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th.

Kev piav qhia

Tus choj nyob raws tus axis ntawm Staro-Petergofsky Prospekt. Nws qhov ntev yog 65.6 meters, dav - 30 meters. Sab nrauv pob zeb vaults lined nrog granite blocks yog piav qhia los ntawm lub thawv nkhaus. Tus dej nruab nrab txhawb nqa yog daim duab peb sab profiled nrog cov dej khov. Ntauwd ntawm daim ntawv classic, ua los ntawm granite thiab ua tiav nrog domes, tau tsa saum lawv.

Ua los ntawm cov hlau seem ruaj ntawm granite bollards, railings ntawm tus choj tsis txawv ntawm cov railings ntsia ntawm Fontanka embankment.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias tam sim no zoo li tus choj tau txais los ntawm cov duab los ntawm K. Knappe "Kalinkin Choj" (ntxiv cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no).

Qee qhov keeb kwm nthuav dav

Daim duab ntawm tus choj Kalinkin hauv St. Petersburg tuaj yeem pom hauv Hermitage hauv cov duab kos los ntawm tus kws kos duab K. Knappe. Nws yog ua tsaug rau lub canvas no uas nws muaj peev xwm mus nrhiav tau ib tug muaj tseeb hnub ntawm nws kev tsim kho. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau pom tias txoj kev taug kev tau sib cais los ntawm granite thaiv los ntawm txoj kev, thiab ntawm qhov nkag mus rau tus choj ntawm plaub sab muaj granite obelisks nrog dai teeb. Tsis tas li ntawm parapets yog cov rooj zaum, kuj ua los ntawm granite. Tag nrho cov no tau txiav txim los ntawm daim duab.

Muaj lwm yam keeb kwm nthuav dav nyob ze ntawm tus choj. Qhov no yog ib lub tsev (2, Staro-Petergofsky Ave.), uas txij li thaum 1836 tau nyob hauv Naval Tsev Kho Mob (thawjnyob rau hauv Russia), uas tau tsim los ntawm Peter kuv rov qab rau hauv 1715.