Hauv cov ntaub ntawv, hauv Internet cov peev txheej thiab tsuas yog hais lus txhua hnub, cov lus hais "Post factum" qee zaum pom. Tab sis puas yog txhua leej txhua tus paub tseeb tias nws txhais li cas? Thaum twg thiaj tsim nyog siv nws? Cov kab lus no puas tuaj yeem hloov nrog lwm cov lus? Nyeem ntxiv txog qhov no thiab ntau ntxiv.
Post factum: value
Post factum (nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub suab thib ob) Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language txhais tau tias nws yog phau ntawv qhia tsis tu ncua, ib qho lus qhia. Qhov tseeb, nws txhais tau tias "tom qab ib yam dab tsi tau ua tiav, tshwm sim, tshwm sim."
Nov yog lo lus qiv. Post factum translation los ntawm Latin yog: "tom qab dab tsi tshwm sim".
Nws yog siv rau hauv kev cai lij choj. Los ntawm qhov ntawd, los ntawm txoj kev, cov lus tau dhau mus rau hauv kev hais lus txhua hnub. Nws feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas cuam tshuam nrog kev npaj, tsim ib yam dab tsi tom qab nws twb tau tsim nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag. Ib qho piv txwv zoo: ib tug neeg tau muab daim ntawv tso cai yuav tom qab qhov tseeb. Ntawd yog, nws thawj zaug yuav, thiab tom qab ntawd nws tau tso cai ua li ntawd.
Post factum qhia yog qhov tsim nyog los hloov thiab ntau duacov lus paub peb pob ntseg:
- nce;
- after;
- tom qab txhua yam;
- after;
- rov qab.
Siv ib qho kev qhia
Txawm li cas los xij, ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv raug cai, cov lus tshaj tawm cov lus qhia kuj haum rau cov lus zoo tib yam. Qhov no tau pom meej meej hauv ntau qhov piv txwv:
- Koj puas tau ceeb toom rau kuv ua ntej, thiab tsis yog tom qab qhov tseeb?
- Nws hais rau kuv tias hauv nws hnub kev sib tham yog tom qab qhov tseeb, tsis yog peb hnub ua ntej kev xeem.
- Puas yog kev sib ntaus sib tua tiag tiag txog kev tshaj tawm tom qab qhov tseeb, tsis tiv thaiv nws?
- Peb kawm xov xwm tom qab qhov tseeb, peb tsis tau qhia txog nws ntawm lub rooj sib tham.
- Vim li cas koj piav qhov no tom qab qhov tseeb thaum nws tsis cuam tshuam lawm?
- Nws tawv ncauj txuas ntxiv teb rau txhua qhov kuv thov tom qab qhov tseeb.
- Txawm tias Natasha cov phooj ywg pom txog nws txoj kev koom tes nrog Danil tom qab qhov tseeb.
- Yog, koj tau kuaj, tab sis koj tau ua tom qab qhov tseeb.
- Zoo dua hais tom qab qhov tseeb, tsis yog tam sim no.
- Hmoov tsis zoo, txhua lub tswv yim zoo tuaj tom qab qhov tseeb, tsis yog thaum lawv muaj feem cuam tshuam.
Tsis txhob ruam
Ntau zaus peb tuaj yeem pom cov lus "postscript". Nws tsis yog qhov kev hloov pauv sib npaug tom qab qhov tseeb.
Postscriptum (lat.) - "sau tom qab", "tom qab dab tsi tau hais". Cov kev lig kev cai ntawm kev sau nws los ntawm qhov tob ntawm ntau pua xyoo, thaum tib neeg sib txuas lus ntawmkoj tus kheej los ntawm cov ntawv. Raws li txoj cai, thaum kawg ntawm cov lus nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum "hnub hneev" thiab muab koj lub npe kos npe. Tab sis nws kuj tshwm sim tias ib tug neeg, tau sau ib tsab ntawv tag nrho, nco qab tias nws xav qhia lwm yam rau tus neeg nyob hauv. Tom qab ntawd nws tau txais kev cawmdim los ntawm postscript P. S., uas tuaj yeem txhais tau tias "tom qab kos npe." Yog tus sau tsis nco qab lawm ces P. P. S. (tom qab kos npe) thiab txawm tias P. P. P. S. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov ntawv luv "postscript" tsis yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus "kos npe" nws tus kheej. Yog li lo lus "Masha, Kuv hlub koj. P. S. Vanya" yuav tsis raug.
Ntau P. S. tuaj yeem muab tso ua ntej sau cov ntaub ntawv uas txawv ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntawv tseem ceeb. Piv txwv li, tus sau sau ib zaj dab neeg ntxaws rau ib tug phooj ywg txog kev tu cov txiv apples kom zoo. Tab sis tom qab ntawd nws mam li nco dheev ib yam dab tsi uas tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog kev ua teb. Thiab ces: "P. S. Koj tus miv lub npe yog dab tsi? Kuv tsis nco qab lawm."
Nyob hauv Runet, qhov zoo li qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tag nrho rau kev sau ntawv yog qee zaum siv - "Z. Y." Txawm li cas los xij, txhua yam tau piav qhia yooj yim - Cov tsiaj ntawv Latin P thiab S yog nyob rau ntawm Lavxias teb sab keyboard layout ntawm tib cov yawm sij li Z thiab Y.
Yuav yog dab tsi?
Dab tsi lo lus post factum txhais tau li cas? Nws yooj yim los tsim ib kab lus nrog cov kab lus no yog tias koj paub nws lub ntsiab lus.
Muaj tseeb tiag ntau ntawm koj tau pom thawj lub koom haum xov xwm ntiag tug Soviet nrog lub npe no. Nws muaj nyob nruab nrab ntawm 1989 thiab 1996. IA "Postfactum" hu nws tus kheejtsis yog-tsoom fwv cov ntaub ntawv thiab xov xwm kev pabcuam. Nws cov creators, Vladimir Yakovlev (tseem yog tus tsim ntawm Kommersant) thiab Gleb Pavlovsky (lub neej yav tom ntej editor-in-chief ntawm Vek XX thiab Mir), tom qab hais tias lub npe no originated nyob rau hauv lawv lub siab tsuas yog "nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm cawv insensitivity", vim hais tias nws yog ib qho txawv me ntsis hu rau xov xwm pabcuam.
Txawm hais tias muaj nqe lus no los, niaj hnub no lub npe no tsis yog ib qho hauv ntiaj teb xov xwm thiab xov xwm. Cov ntawv luam tawm hu ua Post factum tuaj yeem pom hauv Pskov, Kharkov, Berezovsky. Qhov kev pab cuam kawg ntawm Xov Tooj Cua Vesti, uas tham txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub lim tiam dhau los, kuj muaj lub npe tib yam.
"Postfactum" kuj yog Lavxias teb sab hloov ntawm lub npe "tom qab" ntawm American science ntawv tseeb series, thoob plaws uas ib tug puv tes ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas sim kom ciaj sia nyob rau hauv lub hnyav post-apocalyptic ntiaj teb no ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej.
