Muaj ntau qhov kev txhim kho txij li thaum pib ntawm daim cartridge. Muaj cov cartridges nrog kev ua haujlwm sib txawv thiab tsis muaj. Qhov kev tshwm sim no kuj tau coj mus rau kev tsim phom. Cov ntawv thov yog classic: tub rog, tub rog tej yam kev mob, yos hav zoov, tiv thaiv tus kheej.
Cov hauv qab no yog cov kev hloov kho kev yos hav zoov uas nrov tshaj plaws. Cartridges muaj nyob rau hauv ib ntu nrog cov lus piav qhia.
Hloov kho 7, 62
Hnub no, cov neeg yos hav zoov hauv tsev muaj peb hom cartridges nrog calibration ntawm 7.62 hli. Raws li koj paub, lub caliber yog qhov kev ncua deb uas cais cov protrusions nyob rau hauv lub rifled qhov ntawm lub chim.
Cov ntau yam muaj raws li hauv qab no:
- 7, 62x39. Feature - tsho lub mos txwv.
- 7, 62x51. Specificity - expansive mos txwv.
- 7, 62x53. Cov mos txwv yog kis las.
Lawv txhua tus muaj qhov sib txawv rau txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov mos txwv divergence thaum tua ntawm 300 m. Nws spectrum: 6-12.5 cm.
Nco ntsoov, tsis ntev los no hom 7, 62x53 tau txais lub npe 7, 62x54. Nws yog tus qauv lees paub txawv teb chaws thiab.
Cov qauv no tau siv dav hauv cov riam phom xws li "Tiger", "KO-44" thiab "SV-40". Tag nrho cov noyos hav zoov carbines.
Hauv kev sib xyaw riam phom cim MTs thiab IZH, lawv tuaj yeem siv tau raws li qhov tseem ceeb - txoj kab uas hla ntawm rab phom phom channel yuav tsum yog 7, 925 hli.
Thaum yuav riam phom, koj yuav tsum tsom rau qhov no.
Tso cai rab phom thiab riam phom
Puas 7, 62x54 hloov los ntawm lwm hom? Nws yog ua tau yog tias hom mos txwv yog nthuav. Thiab lawv cov khoom tseem ceeb muaj txoj kab uas hla ntawm 7.92 lossis 7.83 hli. Lwm qhov tseem ceeb nuance yog qhov parameter ntawm threaded txoj kab uas hla - 7, 925 mm.
Qhov teeb meem tom ntej no txhawj xeeb txog rab phom. Puas muaj peev xwm coj nws los ntawm kev hloov kho 7, 62x39 thiab 7, 62x51 rau version 7, 62x54 hnyav 13 grams? Cov hmoov phom los ntawm lawv kub hnyiab tawm sai dua rau 7, 62x54. Thiab yog tias koj siv rab phom los ntawm lawv, ces muaj kev pheej hmoo siab uas thaum raug rho tawm haujlwm, lub siab yuav nce mus rau qhov tseem ceeb.
7, 62x51 yog haum rau cov riam phom uas tau tsim rau nws. Muab cov mos txwv sib txawv rau hauv nws rooj plaub tsis yog kev txawj ntse. Yog vim li cas nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub chim rifled channel. Rau version 7, 62x51, nws yog 7.83 mm.
Hauv riam phom rau version 7, 62x39, qhov ntsuas ntawm txoj kab uas hla yog 7, 925 mm, zoo li hauv 7, 62x54. Lawv muaj cov kab uas zoo sib xws ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov mos txwv. Thiab txhawm rau txo qhov ua rau tuag taus ntawm 7, 62x54, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los siv cov mos txwv tsis nthuav dav rau 7, 62x39.
Schemes
Thaum kov ntawm cov qauv ntawm daim cartridge 7, 62, nws yuav tsum tau xav txog cov qauv ntawm nws cov kev hloov kho. Yog li, cov txheej txheem hauv qab no tau piav qhia hauv qab no:
7, 62x39
7, 62x51
7, 62x54
Cov qauv ntawm daim cartridge 7, 62, lossis qhov sib txawv, nws muaj qee qhov sib xws. Lawv interchangeability yog ua tau nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob. Qee cov craftsmen txawj kho calibers. Tab sis tseem, cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom siv cov qauv uas zoo tshaj plaws rau ib qho riam phom tshwj xeeb.
Hloov kho nrog 12 ntsuas
Cov kev hloov pauv li no tau hwm los ntawm cov neeg yos hav zoov. Lawv xaiv yog vim muaj ntau yam:
- Huab cua.
- Saib ntawm tus tsiaj nyaum.
- Natural toj roob hauv pes.
- Nyiaj txiag.
Hnub no, cov tuam txhab txawv teb chaws thiab Lavxias teb sab tsim cov cartridges zoo sib xws. Tab sis qhov kev tua hluav taws tseem sib txawv.
Lub Hom Phiaj thiab Khoom
Thaum xaiv ammo, xav txog lub peev xwm ntawm koj riam phom. Piv txwv li, rab phom teeb tsis xav tau cov cartridges uas muaj zog heev nrog tus nqi loj.
Nws tseem tsim nyog coj mus rau hauv tus account tias muaj ntau hom cartridges los ntawm hom nqi:
- Fractional.
- Grape-shot.
- Bullets.
Cov tshuaj phom siv tau los yog tsis haus luam yeeb. Lub tes tsho yog tsim los ntawm hlau, yas lossis ntawv.
hmoov nqi tuaj yeem ua qauv lossis nce ntxiv. Plhaub khoom: txhuas thiab hlau.
hom tshuaj tua kab yog siv rau hauv kev rho tawm cov ducks, hav zoov game thiab tsiaj me. Kev txhaj tshuaj: 1.5-5 mm. Muaj kev faib ua chav. Qhov no cuam tshuam los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj nrog cov kab sib txawv.
Rau qhov kev tua ntevxav tau cov cartridges siab, xws li Magnum.
Hauv hom txhaj tshuaj, txhaj tshuaj nrog qhov ntsuas ntawm 5, 25-10 mm yog siv. Nrog nws mus yos hav zoov hma, npua qus thiab mos lwj.
hom mos txwv yog siv rau ntau lub hom phiaj loj: moose, bears, mos lwj, thiab lwm yam. Hom mos txwv rau cov cartridges:
- Round xub. Feature - lub xub ntiag ntawm stabilizing tus Tsov tus tw.
- Turbine. Lawv siv kev pab ntawm cov cua ntws los.
- sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom 1 thiab khoom 2
-
Lub cim ntawm cov cartridges suav nrog lawv:
- tus yam ntxwv saum npoo;
- qhov tseem ceeb tsis muaj;
- destination;
- phom phom hom;
- tus lej lej;
- tes tsho ntev;
- caliber
Cartridges ntawm qhov ntsuas no suav nrog. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm tus lej no lossis tus lej ntawd yog txiav txim siab los ntawm hom khoom xav tau:
- Tus lej 5-7 yog qhov zoo rau kev ntes os, dub grouse, woodcocks. Ntxiv mus, qhov kev ncua deb mus rau lub hom phiaj yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 35-40 m.
- Tus nab npawb 2-4 yog qhov zoo rau cov geese thiab hares. Qhov deb: 40-45 m.
- Tus lej 000-1 yog tsim rau tib lub hom phiaj raws li taw tes 2, nrog rau hma thiab raccoons. Ntev: 45-50 m.
Tus qauv ntawm lub cartridge ntawm ib lub caliber muab yog txiav txim los ntawm nws cov cuab yeej thiab hom nqi. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv rooj plaub qauv, qhov loj ntawm txhaj tshuaj ncav cuag 5.25-10 hli. Daim duab ntawm daim cartridge yog qhia hauv qab no.
Cov hauv qab no yog ib feem saib ntawm 12 gauge fractional cartridge.
Thiab kawg - ib lub mos txwvvariation.
Shotgun versions
Phom phom yog riam phom nrov ntawm cov neeg yos hav zoov. Nrog kev pab los ntawm lawv, cov tsiaj me thiab cov hom phiaj feathered yog mined. Nws yog txhaum cai tua ungulates nrog lawv.
Cov ntsuas feem ntau siv rau cov riam phom no yog 12, 16 thiab 20 ntsuas.
Qhov kev pom zoo tshaj plaws los ntaus lub hom phiaj yog 35 m. Qhov kev ua tau zoo yog txiav txim siab los ntawm lub caliber.
Kev yos hav zoov nrog lub caliber tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv qhov sib npaug yog qhov txiaj ntsig ntau dua. Tom qab tag nrho, lub hom phiaj tuaj yeem raug ntaus los ntawm qhov ntim loj ntawm feem. Qhov no tam sim ntawd tuag tes tuag taw thiab tua game.
Cov qauv ntawm rab phom phom yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cartridge thiab tus nqi. Thawj lub ntsiab yog tsim los ntawm cov duab los qhia lossis cov menyuam yas thiab lub taub hau hlau. Muaj ib lub cuab yeej nyob rau hauv lub taub hau, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub capsule yog teem.
Thaum qia tsoo, qhov sib tov sib xyaw yog compressed hauv primer. Nws ntes hluav taws thiab ignites rab phom.
About shotgun loading
Tus nqi ntawm no suav nrog:
- Ib tug wad uas sau ib lub voj voog ntawm daim ntawv ntawm ob sab. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub khob yog 1.5 cm.
- Tus nqi txhaj tshuaj thiab cov duab los qhia. Lawv thickness yog 1 hli. Lawv poob rau hmoov. Tiv thaiv kom txhob ya raws.
- thib ob wad.
Lub tes tsho kaw los ntawm lub gasket. Yog li cov feem tsis tau pw txaus. Lub ncoo yog tus lej. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem qhia qhov kab ntawm qhov txhaj tshuaj.
Lub tes tsho muaj daim ntawv lossis hlau nyob rau sab hauv. Qhov no yog ib qho ntxig uas tsis tso cai rau lawv tawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua tsaug rau nws, gases tsis xau thiab hmoov phom tsis dampen. Wad tseem tsis nyem nws. Qhov no yog tshwj xeebcuam tshuam rau cov hmoov phom uas tsis muaj pa luam yeeb. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob compressed.
About shotgun pellets
Cov feem siv tuaj yeem nyuaj lossis muag:
- Rigid yog tsim los ntawm txhuas. Antimony los yog arsenic ntxiv rau nws. Thaum raug rho tawm haujlwm, qhov txhaj tshuaj no tsis tshua muaj deformed thiab tuav cov kev taw qhia zoo dua.
- Technical lead yog siv los tsim cov hmoov txhuas.
Tus lej feem yog qhia los ntawm tus lej lossis nws txoj kab uas hla yog qhia hauv mm.
Hnub no, feem ntau nrog cov lej 6, 8, 10 thiab 12 feem ntau cuam tshuam. Raws li tus lej tshiab, cov no yog 1, 3, 5 thiab 7:
- 5-7 tus lej nrog lub cheeb ntawm 2.5-3 hli yog qhov zoo rau cov laj thawj xws li: hazel grouse thiab woodcocks.
- 5-3 3-3.5mm tus lej xav tau rau kev ua haujlwm xws li luav, pheasants, qus ducks thiab hares.
- 3-1 hom uas muaj txoj kab uas hla ntawm 3.5 mus rau 4 mm yog xav tau rau lub hom phiaj: lub caij ntuj no hares, qus geese thiab dub grouse.
- Tus lej 1-00 nrog qhov teeb tsa ntawm 4-4, 5 hli yog siv rau lub hom phiaj xws li hma liab thiab capercaillie.
Thaum tua los ntawm rab phom, koj yuav tsum paub tias qhov kev txhaj tshuaj maj nrawm los ntawm nws lub thoob raws li kev cog lus thiab sib koom ua ke tag nrho. Tab sis me ntsis tom qab lub muzzle, lub sheaf ntawm txhaj tshuaj yog stretched nyob rau hauv ntev thiab nyob rau sab. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog huab cua tsis kam. Nws muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov feem ntawm ib qho kev txwv, qhov hnyav thiab kev teeb tsa.
Qhov kev sib raug zoo ntau dua qhov kev ncua deb thiab qhov siv me me, qhov ntev ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj ntau dua.
Yog tias tua los ntawm lub cylindrical chim, thiab qhov kev txhaj tshuaj yog 3 hli, qhov no yog kwv yees li 10% ntawm qhov kev ncua deb ntawm riam phom.
Yog hais tias lub thoob muaj choke, ces nws tig tawm kwv yees li7%. Nws tsawg dua 40 m.
Nyob rau sab, txhaj tshuaj deviates nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam deformations.
Tab sis sib npaug deformation, qhia tias yog feem pua, yog ntau dua rau cov feem me me dua rau cov ntxhib. Thiab cov feem me me tau tawg rau ntawm ob sab ntau dua qhov loj.
Yog hais tias txoj kab uas hla ntawm qhov txhaj tshuaj yog 2.5 hli, ces nws cov nqi yog dissipated los ntawm 35 meters nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ncig. Thiab nws txoj kab nruab nrab yog 250 cm.
Thiab tib tus nqi, tab sis txhaj tshuaj nrog qhov ntsuas ntawm 3.5 hli, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm 140 cm.
About sib ntaus
Nyob rau hauv rab phom, kev sib ntaus sib tua yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam raws li qhov ceev ntawm qhov txhaj tshuaj ntog ntawm ib qho kev ncua deb thiab cheeb tsam. Nov yog qhov tseeb ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua.
Cov phom phom pom kev deb yog 35 m. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub hom phiaj siv yog 75 cm. Kev tua phom raug nthuav tawm ob txoj kev: nws tag nrho cov lej lossis feem pua.
Tus naj npawb ntawm cov pellets ntawm ib qho nqi yog 100%. Tus naj npawb ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj uas ntaus lub hom phiaj yog lub hauv paus rau kev suav feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov nyiaj seem.
Piv txwv. Cov xwm txheej yog:
- cartridge caliber - 16;
- ntaus pellets - 150;
- lawv tus lej yog 5;
- distance - 35 m.
Tsim 105 pellets thaum ntaus. Ces qhov tseeb yog 70%.
Cov kab thiab cov mos txwv
Phom phom siv cov mos txwv xws li:
- Brenneke.
- "Ideal".
Brenneke puab - lub tog raj kheej. Muaj grooves ntawm nws qhov chaw. Ib tug wad yog mounted rau nws los ntawm hauv qab no. Ntawm no qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus yog positioned ho rau pem hauv ntej. Yog li ntawd, lub mos txwv nyob rau hauv davhlau tsis yogcapsizes.
"Ideal" - kauj. Hauv nws yog cov ntsia hlau grooves. Thaum ya, lawv provoke kev sib hloov nyob ib ncig ntawm lub circumference ntawm longitudinal axis. Yog li ntawd lub mos txwv kuj tsis tip lawm.
Cov qauv txhuas no tsuas yog siv los ntes cov kev ua si loj heev xws li npua qus. Kev tua nrog lawv raug pom zoo nyob ntawm qhov deb me me, vim tias feem pua ntawm cov hits tsis yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws.
Rau tus neeg yos hav zoov nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv lub tes tsho nrog qhov ntev ntawm 6.5 cm. Rau kev ua kis las, kev xaiv nrog qhov ntev ntawm 7 cm yog qhov tsim nyog.
Yog tias cov cartridges muaj qhov nruab nrab ignition, Zhevelo primers yog qhov tsim nyog rau lawv. Lawv ntev dua li cov tshuaj ntsiav, lawv ignite ntau dua. Lawv siv tau zoo heev hauv huab cua txias thiab los nag. Thiab ua tsaug rau lawv, muaj xeb tsawg dua ntawm lub thoob.
Raws li twb tau sau tseg lawm, cov phom phom phom zoo zoo nrog ntsuas 12, 16 thiab 20.
Tom ntej, piv txwv li, ob peb daim cartridges tau npaj rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim duab lossis hauv cov duab kos duab:
16 gauge cartridge qauv
Rau qhov ntsuas 20, ntu ntu ntawm daim cartridge zoo li no
Ntau txog kev yos hav zoov daim cartridges
Lawv tsuas yog siv rau hauv rab phom thiab riam phom smoothbore xwb. Ib qho kev zam siv rau 22LR qauv. Nws yog haum rau me me pistols.
Daim cartridge no tuaj yeem ntaus me me lossis siv rau kev ua kis las. Nws muaj lub zog qis thiab rimfire:
Hauv qab no yog daim duab ntu ntawm daim cartridge.
Lwm cov qauv yog nrov heev ntawm cov neeg yos hav zoov.
5, 6x39 mm - Western sib npaug ntawm 223 Remington. Cov qauv ntawm daim cartridge yog qhia schematically.
Features: siab dynamics thaum ua hauj lwm ntawm kev ncua deb, haib projectile.
Muaj lub plhaub version thiab ib nrab plhaub version. Qhov hnyav ntawm thawj yog 2.8 g. Qhov thib ob yog 3.5 g, qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ntes qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov plaub tsiaj (hma, roe mos lwj, thiab lwm yam).
Qhov ntev ntawm daim cartridge nws tus kheej yog 4.87 cm, lub tes tsho yog 3.87 cm.
243 Yeej. Daim duab qhia hauv qab no.
Qhov no yog ib qho qauv zoo rau kev ntes hoofed game (qhib qus, roe mos lwj, thiab lwm yam). Nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua haujlwm nrog nws ntawm qhov nruab nrab deb kom tsis txhob ua rau daim tawv nqaij ntawm cov neeg raug tsim txom.
Lub mos txwv hnyav - 7 grams. Dynamics - 1200 m / s. Qhov ntev ntawm daim cartridge no yog 5.74 cm, lub tes tsho yog 4.47 cm.
Muaj cov ntaub ntawv cartridge nrog primer ntawm lub hauv paus swb. Lub plhaub ntawm cov mos txwv yog tawv. Nws muaj ib tug mos lead core. Tracer thiab cov mos txwv tawg nyob rau hauv kev yos hav zoov yog txwv tsis pub los ntawm txoj cai.
Ib feem sib xyaw yog nyem rau hauv qab ntawm lub tes tsho. Tus pin tua hluav taws yog coj mus rau sab peripheral ntawm hauv qab ntawm daim cartridge.
Ntau cov neeg yos hav zoov mus yos hav zoov nrog rab phom smoothbore. Cov qauv ntawm daim cartridge rau rab phom xws li hauv qab no:
- lub tes tsho cylindrical. Cov khoom siv: tooj dag, ntawv lossis yas.
- Similar primer (central lesion).
- Striking component. Nws tuaj yeem yog mos txwv, feem ntau lossis buckshot.
Fractionsthiab buckshot muaj kev txav tsis ruaj khov thaum ya. Yog li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem siv tau ntawm qhov deb tsis tshaj 60 m. Cov mos txwv hauv qhov no yog qhov txiaj ntsig zoo dua rau kev siv.
Yog li cov hmoov phom tsis nkag mus rau hauv kev txhaj tshuaj, thiab nws tsis nchuav tawm ntawm daim cartridge, muaj kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb hauv daim cartridge. Cov no yog wads thiab gaskets. Feem ntau lawv yog ntawv, cardboard los yog yas.
Yog li ntawd cov hmoov roj tsis tawg, obturators tau tsim rau hauv cov cartridges. Lawv cov khoom: cardboard thiab polyethylene.
Cov cartridges niaj hnub tau nruab nrog cov thawv ntim polyethylene tshiab. Lawv raug muab pov ua ib thooj. Lawv muaj pes tsawg leeg: obturator, shock absorber, thawv nrog buckshot los yog txhaj tshuaj. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov tseeb ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj yog txhim kho.
Zuag qhia tag nrho, ib ntu saib ntawm daim npav tua tsiaj classic yog raws li qhia hauv qab no.
YClassic Makarov rab yaj phom
Makarov rab yaj phom yog riam phom nrov heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv tub ceev xwm thiab tub rog cov qauv. Nws hu ua PM luv.
Tus qauv ntawm daim cartridge yog qhia hauv daim duab hauv qab no.
Hauv qab tus lej 1 yog lub tes tsho. Khoom 2 - capsule. Cheebtsam 3 yog them. Thiab 4 yog ib lub mos txwv.
Tes Tsho ua haujlwm:
- Ntxhais nqi ntawm rab phom.
- Kev sib txuas ntawm tag nrho cov khoom suav nrog hauv daim cartridge.
- tiv thaiv tus nqi thiab tshuaj ntsiav los ntawm kev cuam tshuam sab nraud.
- Kev thaiv cov pa roj thaum lub sijhawm txhaj tshuaj.
Txoj hauv nws hnub:
- Ntxawm. Tus primer diverges nyob rau hauv nws striker.
- Casule platform.
- Fitting qhov. Muaj ob tug ntawm lawv. Los ntawm lawv themua raws cov nplaim taws los ntawm qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov primer.
Los ntawm sab nraud ntawm hauv qab muaj ib qho annular groove. Nws koom lub ejector.
Cov khoom ntawm cov mos txwv yog cov hlau lead. Nws yog nias rau hauv lub plhaub. Nws yog ua los ntawm steel thiab clad nrog tompak. Kev sib haum xeeb yog siv los tiv thaiv cov mos txwv hauv rooj plaub.
Tus nqi yog tsim los ntawm cov hmoov phom pyroxylin. Tsis haus luam yeeb.
Ua tsaug rau tus primer, tus nqi no ignites. Lub capsule nws tus kheej muaj cov hauv qab no:
- Brass cap. Nws muaj qhov sib xyaw ua ke ua hauv.
- Tub voj voog. Nws npog qhov kev poob siab.
Thaum tus neeg tawm tsam tawm tsam, qhov sib xyaw ua ke cuam tshuam thiab ua rau hluav taws muaj zog.
Yuav kom them PM, koj yuav tsum sau nws lub khw. Nws tuav 8 cartridges. Lawv muab tso thiab tso tseg.
Piv txwv ntawm lwm yam riam phom nrog 9 hli cartridge
Ib daim cartridge nrog lub caliber no tuaj yeem siv tsis yog hauv PM xwb, tab sis kuj, piv txwv li, hauv rab phom:
- "Parabellum".
- "Mauser C96".
- Star Modelo A, B.
- Wather P38.
Siv nws hauv rab phom submachine, piv txwv li:
- M3.
- Omen.
- Austen.
- Launchester.
Cov qauv ntawm 9 hli cartridge yog qhia hauv qab no.
Parameters yog muab hauv mm.
Daim cartridge no yog lub ntiaj teb kev xaiv phom nrov tshaj plaws. Cov qauv ntawm daim cartridge ntawm chav kawm no yuav txawv. Nws tseem tuaj yeem muaj cov npe hauv qab no:
- "Luger".
- "Suomi".
- 9x19
Thiab muaj ntau lub cim zoo sib xws.
