Stechkin rab yaj phom: caliber, specifications thiab yees duab

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:47

Tej zaum txhua tus neeg uas tsawg kawg xav paub txog riam phom Soviet paub txog Stechkin tsis siv neeg rab yaj phom lossis APS nkaus xwb. Nws yeej muaj ntau qhov kev txiav txim siab ua tiav thiab, ntawm qhov tod tes, ua pov thawj tias nws yog ib qho zoo heev, txawm tias qee qhov tshwj xeeb riam phom. Yog li, nws yuav muaj txiaj ntsig los tham txog keeb kwm thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm Stechkin rab yaj phom. Cov duab txuas nrog rau kab lus yuav ua kom tiav tag nrho cov duab.

History of Creation

Tom qab kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob hauv USSR, nws tau txiav txim siab los tsim ib rab yaj phom rau lub cartridge tshiab, uas tuaj yeem siv tsis tau tsuas yog cov tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm, tab sis kuj tseem muaj kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb.

Txawm hais tias lub caliber 7.62 hli (uas Tulsky Tokarev muaj) ua pov thawj tias nws zoo heev, nws hloov tawm los kuj tsis muaj zog. Tias yog vim li cas ib rab phom tshiab tau coj los ua lub hauv paus - 9x18 millimeters. Cov mos txwv dav dua thiab hnyav dua, txawm hais tias nws tsis tau muab kev sib ntaus sib tua ntev thiab kev nkag mus rau cov teeb meem loj heev, tau dhau los ua qhov txaus ntshai heev ntawm qhov luv luv. Thaum ntaus, nws ua rau mob hnyav, feem ntau ua rau tuag los ntawm kev poob siab.los yog los ntshav sab hauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev nkag mus rau lub cev ntawm cov yeeb ncuab nrog kev raug mob tom qab ntawm cov neeg tom qab nws raug txo.

Nws yog thaum ntawd tus tub ntxhais hluas thiab tsis paub tus kws tshaj lij Igor Yakovlevich Stechkin pib ua haujlwm. Kev tsim riam phom tshiab, nws tau pib xyoo 1948. Twb tau nyob rau xyoo 1949, nws tau nthuav tawm tsab ntawv xeem rau pawg thawj coj, uas tau txais yam tsis muaj kev hloov kho tshwj xeeb. Rau txoj kev loj hlob, tus tsim qauv hluas tau txais qhov khoom plig Stalin - qhov kev ua tiav loj ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd.

Ntxiv rau cov qauv los ntawm Stechkin, rab yaj phom los ntawm cov neeg paub dhau los thiab cov neeg tsim qauv zoo nkauj P. Voevodin, nrog rau M. Kalashnikov, uas tsuas yog tau txais koob meej, tau nthuav tawm ntawm kev sib tw. Thaum kuaj phom phom, lawv tau muab piv nrog kev ua tau zoo, tab sis tsis ua raws li qee qhov yuav tsum tau ua, rab yaj phom - Soviet PPS thiab German Mauser-Astra.

Stechkin's calibre (APS) yog 9 hli - raws li qhov pov thawj, txhim khu kev qha thiab siv tau zoo heev.

Ib yam tseem ceeb ntawm riam phom yog muaj ob hom kev tua - ib leeg thiab tsis siv neeg.

rab yaj phom tau saws hauv xyoo 1951 thiab tsim tawm mus txog rau xyoo 1958. Tom qab ntawd, vim muaj qhov tsis txaus, nws raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev tsim khoom, nyiam rab yaj phom Makarov. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tseem nyiam kev hlub ntawm cov kws tshaj lij thiab tsis nco qab, tab sis tseem siv tau txawm tias niaj hnub no. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo ntawm ntau lawm, kuj muaj tsawg pistols tau tsim - txog 30 txhiab. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov ntawm no tias rab yaj phom tsis siv neeg feem ntau muaj qhov nqaim dua li cov pa.tus kheej loading.

Key Features

Tam sim no nws tsim nyog tham txog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm Stechkin rab yaj phom, daim duab uas txuas nrog rau kab lus.

Cia peb pib nrog qhov tseeb tias rab phom hnyav heev - tsis muaj phau ntawv xov xwm, nws qhov hnyav yog 1.02 kilograms. Rau kev sib piv, tus paub ntau dua Makarov rab yaj phom hnyav tsuas yog 730 grams. Nrog kev hnav tas li, qhov ntxiv 300 grams ua rau qhov sib txawv loj heev. Ib phau ntawv xov xwm uas tau ntim tag nrho ntxiv 200 grams hnyav.

Qhov loj ntawm rab yaj phom kuj tsis haum rau kev zais thiab nyiam hnav. Siv yam tsawg kawg nkaus nws qhov ntev - 225 millimeters. Makarov rab yaj phom tau dhau los ua qhov thib peb luv dua - tsuas yog 161 millimeters.

Tab sis thaum siv tib lub cartridge ntawm 9 hli caliber, Stechkin rab yaj phom khav theeb 20-round magazine! PM tseem tuav tau 8 rounds xwb. Tau kawg, hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tiag tiag, ob qho tib si thaum siv hauv tub ceev xwm ua haujlwm thiab thaum siv los ntawm tub rog, qhov ntxiv 12 rounds tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm txiav txim siab, coj kev ntseeg siab rau kev tua neeg zoo. Tseeb, rau qhov no kuv yuav tsum tau siv ob-kab ntawv xov xwm nrog ib tug staggered kev npaj ntawm cartridges. Ntawm qhov tod tes, tus kov tau ua kom dav dua li cov tub rog feem ntau siv rau. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov ntawv xov xwm daig tawm me ntsis los ntawm rab yaj phom, ntxiv nws qhov ntev.

Tham txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm Stechkin, ib tus tsis tuaj yeem tab sis hais txog qhov hom phiaj. Qhov ntsuas no loj heev - txog 50 meters. Nws tsim nyog lees paub - rau feem ntau cov phom norange yog outrageous. Txawm li cas los xij, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias rab yaj phom yog thiab tseem yog riam phom melee. Yog tias peb piv lub vojvoog dispersion, ces rau APS ntawm qhov deb ntawm 50 meters nws tsuas yog 5 centimeters. Thiab ntawm PM, twb nyob deb ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm 25 meters, lub dispersion mus txog 6.5 centimeters. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub thoob ntev ntawm Stechkin rab yaj phom tso cai rau nws mus tua ntawm qhov deb tshaj qhov feem ntau ntawm cov analogues - mus txog 200 meters! Tseeb, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub dispersion yog twb 22 centimeters - thiab qhov no yog thaum tua ntawm ntau yam, nyob rau hauv zoo tagnrho tej yam kev mob. Yog li ntawd, ntawm chav kawm, nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tej yam kev mob, nws yuav tsis tshwm sim rau leej twg mus tua nyob rau hauv xws li deb - ntaus lub hom phiaj nyob rau hauv no txoj kev yog ua tau tsuas yog los ntawm lub sij hawm dawb huv.

Tab sis ntawm no nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias qhov nrawm nrawm ntawm lub mos txwv tsuas yog 340 meters ib ob - vim qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm 9x18 mm cartridge. Yog li ntawd, ib tug yuav tsum them tribute rau lub peev xwm ntawm tus tsim - ob peb tswj los tsim ib tug ntev-ntev riam phom rau cov mos txwv tsis muaj zog.

qhov zoo tshaj

Tau tham txog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm Stechkin's cartridges, ib tus yuav tsum ua nrog cov txiaj ntsig uas tso cai rau nws tsis yog tsuas yog yuav tsum tau txais los ntawm USSR thiab Lavxias Federation, tab sis kuj los ua cov lus dab neeg tiag tiag.

Pib nrog, nws tsim nyog sau cia lub peev xwm loj ntawm lub khw, uas tau hais lawm. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj peev xwm tua tau 20 qhov kev txhaj tshuaj yam tsis tau rov ua haujlwm ntau ntxiv yuav ua rau koj muaj feem tau txais kev sib ntaus sib tua.

Qhov txiaj ntsig ntxiv yog qhov muaj hluav taws kub tsis siv neeg. Muaj tseeb, nws raug pom zoo kom siv nws tsuas yog thaumlub xub ntiag thiab txuas ntawm lub hnab ntim khoom - peb yuav tham me ntsis tom qab.

Lub thoob ntev thiab kev xav zoo hauv kev sib tw tau txo qis suab nrov thaum tua. Yog lawm, lub suab ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj los ntawm PM tau hnov ntawm qhov deb ntau dua li thaum tua los ntawm APS.

Zoo li feem ntau cov riam phom Lavxias, Stechkin rab yaj phom boasts qhov kev ntseeg siab tshaj plaws, tso cai rau nws siv tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ntau yam, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv hnyav ua hauj lwm tej yam kev mob.

Kev raug tua hluav taws kuj tsis ua rau koj npau suav ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws - saum toj no yog cov ntsuas kev tawg thaum tua ntawm qhov sib txawv. Tsawg heev rab yaj phom tuaj yeem khav tau qhov sib txawv ntawm 5 centimeters ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm 50 meters. Thiab tsuas yog ntaus lub hom phiaj loj hlob ntawm qhov deb ntawm 200 meters feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem siv thaum siv lawv.

Tsis txhob hais txog qhov rov qab me me. Nws yog muab los ntawm qhov hnyav hnyav ntawm rab yaj phom thiab, ntawm chav kawm, los ntawm cov cartridge tsis muaj zog. Vim qhov qis qis, riam phom qhia qhov tseeb zoo thaum tua ib puag ncig. Hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb - tus neeg tua neeg tau ntsib nrog qhov yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau npaum li ua tau rau tus yeeb ncuab, mus txog qhov tuag taus.

Tus qauv tsim yooj yim heev pab txhawb kev txij nkawm - tsis yog ib tus tub ceev xwm tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem nrog nws, tab sis kuj yog tus tub ceev xwm yooj yim nrog kev paub me me hauv kev tuav riam phom.

Thaum kawg, kev siv cov khoom zoo thiab kev xav tsim kom muaj cov khoom zooriam phom durability. Thaum lub sij hawm cov kev ntsuam xyuas, ib co pistols dhau ib tug nruj heev xeem - txog li 40 txhiab txhaj tshuaj. Thiab txawm tias tom qab ntawd, tsis muaj kab nrib pleb tshwm sim ntawm cov casings, tsis hais txog lwm yam kev puas tsuaj loj.

Tam sim no shortcomings

Tab sis tseem, txawm hais tias qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb tau lees paub los ntawm ntau tus kws tshaj lij riam phom, cov yam ntxwv ntawm Stechkin, uas nws cov duab uas tus nyeem pom hauv tsab xov xwm, tau dhau los ua qhov ua rau muaj qee yam tsis txaus.

Ib qho uas pom tshaj plaws yog qhov hnyav, raws li tau hais los saum toj no. Ob peb tus neeg xav nqa ntawm lawv sab ib lub hnab nrog rab yaj phom uas hnyav ib kilogram, thiab plaub phau ntawv tshaj tawm tag nrho, nrog rau qhov hnyav txog li 800 grams. Thiab feem ntau, qhov loj me ua rau qee qhov tsis yooj yim thaum hnav thiab siv.

Lub hwj chim qis kuj tseem tuaj yeem hu ua tus rho tawm - qhov txhaum ntawm qhov no tsis yog tus tsim ntawm rab yaj phom, tab sis siv cov cartridge. Tseem, Stechkin lub caliber tsis tuaj yeem muab lub zog nkag mus rau qhov hnyav.

Ob qhov tsis txaus no tau ua pov thawj tias tseem ceeb heev rau cov neeg siv sib txawv. Piv txwv li, rau cov tub rog, uas tej zaum yuav xav tau siv riam phom nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv lub qhib, rab phom tig tawm mus ua tsis muaj zog heev. Thiab rau cov tub ceev xwm, nws muaj qhov hnyav thiab qhov ntev heev - nws tsis tuaj yeem nqa nws maj mam, thiab lub hnab nrog rab phom thiab cov ntawv xov xwm, hnyav 2.5 kilograms, tsis ntxiv kev nplij siab.

Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws tau txiav txim siab tso tseg kev tsim cov phom Stechkin, nyiam cov analogue tsim los ntawmMakarov. Tsis tas li ntawd, Kev Sib Tw Niaj Hnub No tau tshaj tawm hauv xyoo 1970s. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog los tsim ib rab phom me me uas yuav siv 5.45x39 mm mos mos thiab tuaj yeem hloov tau Stechkin rab yaj phom tag nrho. Yog li ntawd, yeej tau mus rau AKS-74U.

Txawm li cas los xij, rab phom ua tiav tsis tau hnov qab txhua. Twb tau nyob rau xyoo 1990, ntau hom riam phom raws li nws tau tsim thiab muab tso rau hauv ntau lawm: OTs-23 "Drotik", OTs-27 "Berdysh" thiab OTs-33 "Pernach"

leej twg yog thiab siv los ntawm

Yuav muaj txiaj ntsig hais tias leej twg yog tub rog thiab riam phom phom no.

Tau kawg, tam sim ntawd, tom qab kev taw qhia rau hauv kev tsim khoom, qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev ua tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm raug txiav txim siab. Txawm li cas los xij, rau cov laj thawj uas tau hais los saum no, qhov no tsis yog lub tswv yim zoo tshaj plaws.

Yog li ntawd, tom qab ntawd nws tau txiav txim siab los muab cov phom tshuab thiab cov foob pob tawg nrog rab yaj phom no, leej twg tuaj yeem siv nws ua riam phom melee. Ntxiv mus, qhov kev coj noj coj ua zoo no tseem cuam tshuam txog thaum lub cev qhuav dej ntawm USSR - yuav luag txog thaum kawg ntawm 80s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem.

Ntxiv rau, rau qee lub sijhawm nws tau dhau los ua riam phom pabcuam rau cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm muaj tub rog. Kev txiav txim siab ncaj ncees - nws yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem tawm ntawm SCS lossis AK hauv cov xwm txheej nruj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj yuav tsum ua sai sai. Tab sis rab phom me me thiab lub teeb me me nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua zoo heev rau txoj haujlwm no.

Ntau Stechkin rab yaj phom kuj tau suav nrogyuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv ciaj sia taus rau Air Force pilots. Thiab qhov no yog qhov tseeb ob ib nrab xyoo dhau los thiab niaj hnub no. Tsis yog txhua tus paub, tab sis cov tub rog tsav dav hlau uas koom nrog hauv kev ua haujlwm hauv Syria tau ua tub rog nrog rab phom tshwj xeeb no.

Thaum kawg, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias ntau tus tub ceev xwm tshwj xeeb, muaj lub sijhawm los siv yuav luag txhua yam riam phom, ob qho tib si hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, nyiam rab phom no, txaus siab rau nws txoj kev ntseeg siab, cov ntawv xov xwm muaj peev xwm, kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab qhov tseeb.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws.

Raws li tau cog lus ua ntej, rov qab mus rau lub hnab. Thawj cov qauv tau ua los ntawm cov ntoo, tab sis tom qab kev nyiam yog muab rau cov khoom siv yas. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj dab tsi nthuav ntawm no. Tab sis qhov tseeb tias lub hnab ntim tau siv los ua cov khoom lag luam tsis tau paub dav.

Yog, hauv qab ntawm lub hnab ntim khoom muaj ib qho kev qhia tshwj xeeb uas tso cai rau koj txuas rab phom kov rau nws. Qhov tsim tau zoo ib yam li cov carbine luv heev, ua tsaug rau qhov nws muaj peev xwm tua hluav taws hauv luv luv nrog qhov tseeb ntau dua.

Qhov tseeb yog tias, txawm tias qhov tsis muaj zog rov qab thaum tua ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj, nrog kev tua tsis siv neeg, tsuas yog thawj ob qhov kev sib tw ntaus lub hom phiaj - nws yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem ntaus tus so vim tsis muaj kev tswj hwm ntawm rab yaj phom. Lub xub ntiag ntawm lub holster-butt ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los daws qhov teeb meem no ib nrab. Ib feem vim hais tias nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ib tug tub rog los yog tub ceev xwm feem ntau tsis muaj sij hawm los txuas ib lub hnab rau ib rab phom. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov yuav tsum tau ua hluav taws xob tsis siv neeg ntawm lub hom phiaj nyob deb nrog rab yaj phom kuj tsis tshua muaj neeg.

Kev hloov pauv uas twb muaj lawm

Ua ntej tshaj, nws tsim nyog tham txog APB - rab yaj phom uas ntsiag to. Nws yog tsim los ntawm designer A. S. Neugodov nyob rau hauv 1972 thiab yog tsim, txawm nyob rau hauv me me ntim, rau hnub no. rab yaj phom siv tib lub cartridge raws li Stechkin lub caliber - 9x18 millimeters. Tab sis APB muaj ntau qhov kev txhim kho.

Ib tug yog qhov txuas ntawm lub thoob los ntawm 2 centimeters kom muaj peev xwm nruab ib lub twj tso kua mis. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub thoob muaj ob lub qhov rau tso tawm cov pa roj. Qhov no txo qis lub zog ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj (qhov pib ceev ntawm cov mos txwv poob rau 290 meters ib ob), tab sis txo cov suab nrov thaum tua. Qhov kev tua ntau tshaj plaws tau raug txo qis, tab sis qhov no feem ntau tsis yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.

Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau txiav txim siab tso lub hnab yas lossis ntoo. Lawv tau hloov los ntawm ib qho analogue ua los ntawm cov ntaub. Thiab lub pob tw tau ua los ntawm cov hlau, uas txo qhov hnyav, ua kom yooj yim siv.

Kuj, hauv qee lub voj voog phom, cov ntaub ntawv hais txog Stechkin rab yaj phom ntawm caliber 7, 62 mm qee zaum plam. Thiab qhov no tshwm sim, txawm tias tsis tshua muaj, tab sis tsis tu ncua. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm qhov muaj nyob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no hauv pej xeem sau.

Rate of Fire

Hais txog riam phom tsis siv neeg, uas yog APS, ib tus tsis tuaj yeem tham txog tus nqi hluav taws.

Feem ntau, qhov siab tshaj plaws thaum tua hluav taws tawg yog li 700-750 rounds ib feeb. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm hluav taws kub yog qis dua. Thaum tua ib zaug, nws yog kwv yees li 40 rounds ib feeb, thiab nrog hluav taws kub tsis siv neeg - txog 90 rounds ib feeb. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias cov nuj nqis no zoo nkauj heev. Piv txwv li, rab yaj phom Makarov ib txwm muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm hluav taws tsuas yog 30 rounds ib feeb.

Lub teb chaws twg siv

Tau kawg, rab yaj phom tau siv dav hauv USSR. Raws li tau hais ua ntej lawm, lawv tau ua tub rog nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam thiab cov tsheb tub rog, thawj tus naj npawb ntawm cov phom loj thiab cov grenade launchers.

Tom qab hloov mus rau AKS-74U, Stechkin rab yaj phom tseem nyob hauv kev pabcuam nrog tub rog txawj ntse thiab tshwj xeeb ntawm KGB thiab USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs.

Nws tseem siv hauv Belarus - los ntawm SOBR thiab OMON cov tub ceev xwm.

Ib tug lej ntawm cov phom uas txhim khu kev qha no kuj tau yuav los muab cov tub ceev xwm German.

Cov tub rog ntawm Avispas Negras chav tshwj xeeb hauv tebchaws Cuba kuj tau ua tub rog nrog APS.

Tsis tas li ntawd, rab phom tau ua haujlwm nrog cov kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb hauv cov tebchaws xws li Kazakhstan, Armenia, Bulgaria.

Qhov no twb ua tim khawv txog cov khoom zoo ntawm riam phom. Tom qab tag nrho, nws, tsim xya caum xyoo dhau los, tseem tsis tau poob nws qhov tseeb, uas hais ntau.

Zoo kawg

Qhov no xaus peb tsab xov xwm. Tam sim no koj paub dab tsi caliber Stechkin rab yaj phom muaj, keeb kwm ntawm nws creation thiab lub ntsiab zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Thiab kuj paub tias leej twg tau siv thiab siv los txog niaj hnub no.