Otkaznenskoe reservoir: keeb kwm thiab lub xeev tam sim no

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:46

Xyoo 1965, Otkaznenskoe reservoir tau tsim nyob rau hauv Stavropol Territory los tswj cov ntws ntawm Kuma River. Txog rau tam sim no, lub sijhawm ntawm nws txoj haujlwm tau dhau mus ntev, feem ntau ntawm cov reservoir yog silted. Tom qab dej nyab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav xyoo 2017 thiab kev hem thawj ntawm kev puas tsuaj, kev tsim kho ntawm lub reservoir tau pib. Tam sim no, txoj haujlwm kho dua tshiab tseem tsis tau ua tiav.

keeb kwm thiab yam ntxwv

Kev tsim thiab kev tsim kho ntawm Otkaznensky reservoir nyob rau hauv Stavropol Territory kav los ntawm 1961 txog 1965. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm lub tuam txhab Stavropolstroy raws li qhov project ntawm Sevkavgiprovodkhoz. Lub Tsib Hlis 5, 1965, cov neeg tsim kho tau thaiv cov channel ntawm tus dej Kuma nrog lub pas dej 4.7 mais ntev thiab 27 meters siab. Thiab tom qab ntawd pib ua ib feem ntawm lub reservoir nrog dej. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 1966, cov dej theem hauv Otkaznensky reservoir tau mus txog qhov qub qab ntug.

Tus tsim ntim ntawm lub reservoir yog 131 lab cubic meters. Txoj kev dej nyab tau tsim kom dhau 120 cubicmeters ib ob. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub siab tshaj plaws tuav lub qab ntug yuav yog 176 meters, thiab daim iav cheeb tsam yuav yog 21.6 square kilometers. Txawm tias muaj cov dej loj loj, Otkaznenskoye reservoir yog ntiav. Qhov nruab nrab, nws qhov tob thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm yog 5.4 meters.

Thaum thawj 35 xyoo ntawm kev siv, 55 lab cubic meters ntawm silt deposits tau tso rau hauv lub reservoir. Qhov kev siv ntawm silting mus txog 1.35 lab cubic meters ib xyoos twg. Hauv qhov no, thaj tsam thiab ntim ntawm cov dej ntws ntawm Otkaznensky reservoir tau poob qis. Xyoo 2008, thaj chaw dej yog 11.4 square kilometers, thiab xyoo 2014 - 9.2. Ntawm cov no, kwv yees li 7 square kilometers tau overgrown nrog ntoo thiab shrubs thiab reeds.

Dej hauv lub reservoir muaj ib qho tseem ceeb mineralization. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm nitrites, roj cov khoom, tooj liab, sulfates tsis tu ncua tshaj qhov tso cai concentrations. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm los ntawm 2000 mus rau 2015, qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo concentration ntawm tooj liab yog ib mus rau yim lub sij hawm siab tshaj tus qauv, nitrite - ib mus rau tsib zaug, sulfates - peb mus rau rau lub sij hawm, tag nrho cov hlau - ib tug thiab ib nrab zaug, roj cov khoom - ob thiab ib nrab sij hawm. Feem ntau, cov dej hauv Otkaznensky reservoir yog ntsuas raws li "kev qias neeg."

Nuv ntses

Reservoir yuav luag txhua lub sijhawm ntawm nws lub neej yog siv rau kev ua liaj ua teb thiab nuv ntses. Cov hom muaj pes tsawg leeg yog txiav txim los ntawm ichthyofauna ntawm Kuma. Muaj nyiaj carp, pike perch, carp, perch, bream, bighead thiab dawb carp, ram, catfish, nyom carp. Xyoo 1986-2010, kev lag luam ntes hauvQhov nruab nrab rau lub xyoo yog 155 tons, thiab nyob rau hauv ib co xyoo nws mus txog 350 tons. Thawj qhov chaw ntawm qhov hnyav hauv catches yog nyob ntawm carp, qhov thib ob - los ntawm silver carp.

Vim vim muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov neeg mob hnyav thiab kev hloov pauv hauv kev tswj dej hauv dej, kev nuv ntses ntawm Otkaznensky reservoir tau poob nws qhov kev thov rau xyoo tas los no. Dej blooms, overgrowing ntawm qhov ntiav ntiav tau coj mus rau kev hloov ntawm fauna complexes, ib tug txo nyob rau hauv tus naj npawb thiab lom ntau haiv neeg ntawm cov khoom muaj nqis ntses hom. Tam sim no tus nqi nuv ntses ntawm lub reservoir tau ploj lawm vim kev poob qis hauv cov ntses tsim khoom.

Reconstruction

Nyob rau xyoo 2015, vim yog qhov tseem ceeb silting thiab tsis txaus siab ecological xeev ntawm Otkaznensky reservoir, ib qho kev pab cuam tau tsim rau nws reconstruction. Qhov project nrog tus nqi tag nrho ntawm 894 lab rubles muab rau kev nqa cov kwj dej mus rau qhov dej ntws, kho cov qauv hydraulic, ncaj nraim rau hauv ob ntu kom nce tus nqi ntws thiab kev thauj mus los.

Kho pib tsuas yog xyoo 2017, tom qab dej nyab yoj hauv Stavropol Territory, thaum muaj kev phom sij ntawm lub pas dej ua ke. Txog rau tam sim no, lub txaj ntawm lub reservoir tau raug ntxuav ntawm cov xuab zeb deposits, ib tug tshiab spillway tau tsim, thiab hydraulic chaw tau kho. Kev tsim kho txuas ntxiv mus txuas ntxiv thiab tau teem sijhawm kom tiav thaum kawg ntawm 2020.