Txoj kev daws teeb meem zaub mov. Geography ntawm kev tshaib kev nqhis. United Nations Food Program

Cov txheej txheem:

Txoj kev daws teeb meem zaub mov. Geography ntawm kev tshaib kev nqhis. United Nations Food Program
Txoj kev daws teeb meem zaub mov. Geography ntawm kev tshaib kev nqhis. United Nations Food Program

Video: Txoj kev daws teeb meem zaub mov. Geography ntawm kev tshaib kev nqhis. United Nations Food Program

Video: Txoj kev daws teeb meem zaub mov. Geography ntawm kev tshaib kev nqhis. United Nations Food Program
Video: 6 Nqi Lus Qhia Kev Ua neej ( leej twg mloog lub neej yuav zoo tuaj) 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Lub xyoo pua 20th yog lub xyoo pua ntawm globalization thiab kev vam meej. Tib neeg tau kov yeej qhov chaw, tamed lub zog ntawm lub atom, unraveled ntau secrets ntawm niam xwm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub xyoo pua nees nkaum coj peb ntau yam teeb meem thoob ntiaj teb - ib puag ncig, pej xeem, lub zog, kev lag luam kev lag luam. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog ib qho ntawm lawv hauv kev nthuav dav. Nws yuav yog hais txog qhov ua rau, nplai thiab txoj hauv kev los daws qhov teeb meem khoom noj.

teeb meem tshaib plab: qhov tseeb thiab cov duab

Lub ntiaj teb cov pejxeem coob zuj zus tuaj. Tab sis natural resources, alas, tsis muaj. Yog tias thaum pib ntawm ib puas xyoo dhau los peb lub ntiaj teb tau pub ib thiab ib nrab lab tus tib neeg, hnub no daim duab no tau nce mus rau 7.5 billion.

Qhov kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov pej xeem tsuas yog tsis tuaj yeem tab sis ua rau muaj teeb meem zaub mov hnyav dua. Qhov tseeb, lawv thawj zaug pib tham txog nws ib puas xyoo dhau los. Piv txwv li, tus kws tshawb fawb Brazilian José de CastroHauv nws txoj hauj lwm "The Geography of Hunger", luam tawm thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, nws tau sau tias yuav luag ob feem peb ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov pejxeem nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm kev tshaib kev nqhis tas li.

Hnub no, qhov xwm txheej tau zoo dua, tab sis qhov teeb meem nws tus kheej tsis tau ploj mus. Raws li UN cov lus ceeb toom, ib ntawm cuaj tus neeg nyob hauv ntiaj teb niaj hnub no tseem tsis muaj zaub mov txaus. Feem ntau ntawm cov neeg tsis muaj zaub mov noj thiab tshaib plab (kwv yees li 85%) yog nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws tsim. Cov no yog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, lub xeev txom nyem ntawm Central thiab Southern Africa, Latin America thiab Southeast Asia. Piv txwv li, ib feem peb ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Haiti (lub tebchaws txom nyem tshaj plaws nyob rau sab hnub poob Hemisphere) tsis tau txais cov calories txhua hnub uas lawv xav tau.

teeb meem zaub mov ua rau
teeb meem zaub mov ua rau

Cov teeb meem khoom noj hauv ntiaj teb yog ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab mob hnyav thoob ntiaj teb ntawm peb lub sijhawm. Nws tau nthuav tawm hauv kev tsis txaus noj zaub mov uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev txhim kho tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom tsim tau, cov xwm txheej tsis zoo thiab huab cua, kev tsis sib haum xeeb tub rog lossis kev kub ntxhov ntawm nom tswv.

Geography of tshaib plab

Nyob rau hauv social geography, muaj ib yam li "kev tshaib kev nqhis". Nws stretches ntawm ob sab ntawm txoj kab nruab nrab thiab npog thaj tsam ntawm teb chaws Africa, Central America, South thiab Southeast Asia (feem ntau, txog 40 lub teb chaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb no).

Qhov xwm txheej nyuaj tshaj plaws tau pom nyob hauv cov tebchaws xws li Chad, Somalia, Uganda, Mozambique, Ethiopia, Mali thiab Haiti. Ntawm no tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg tshaib plab thiab tsis noj zaub mov ntau dua 40%. Tam sim no, cov teeb meem zaub mov tau mob hnyav heev hauv Yemen, Syria, Zimbabwe, Eritrea, thiabkuj nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Ukraine.

kev tshaib kev nqhis hauv Yemen
kev tshaib kev nqhis hauv Yemen

Nrog rau qhov ntsuas kom muaj nuj nqis, ib qho yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm tib neeg cov khoom noj. Tom qab tag nrho, kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo lossis kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo tsis tsuas yog txo qis kev ua haujlwm, tab sis kuj ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam kab mob txaus ntshai. Yog li, raws li Lub Koom Haum Ntiaj Teb Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv (WHO), kwv yees li 40% ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv peb lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub ntsib kev tsis muaj cov vitamins thiab minerals.

Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm qhov teeb meem khoom noj

Yog li, dab tsi ua rau muaj teeb meem ntawm kev tshaib kev nqhis thiab kev noj zaub mov tsis txaus? Muaj ntau yam ua tau. Peb yuav qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lawv:

  1. Kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov neeg hauv ntiaj teb.
  2. kev faib tsis sib npaug ntawm cov neeg hauv ntiaj teb.
  3. nce qib hauv nroog thiab kev lag luam ntawm thaj chaw.
  4. Kev lag luam rov qab los ntawm qee lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb.
  5. Av degradation, tshwj xeeb hauv av muaj kuab paug nrog tshuaj tua kab, hlau hnyav thiab lwm yam khoom phem.
  6. Kev poob qis ntawm cov qoob loo qoob loo.
  7. siv tsis ncaj ncees lawm ntawm cov peev txheej av.
  8. Txuag hauv av ua liaj ua teb.
  9. Ntawm dej tshiab tsis txaus.
teeb meem zaub mov hauv teb chaws Africa
teeb meem zaub mov hauv teb chaws Africa

Txoj kev daws teeb meem zaub mov

Hnub no, ntau lub koom haum thoob ntiaj teb, pej xeem thiab ntiag tug, cov thawj coj hauv tsoomfwv thiab cov koom haum tau koom tes los daws cov teeb meem ntawm kev tshaib kev nqhis. Lawv koom nrog thoob ntiaj teb nyiaj txiag thiabCov qauv kev lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, IBRD (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development) thiab OPEC (Lub Koom Haum ntawm Petroleum Exporting Countries). Lawv tau txais nyiaj txiag ntau yam haujlwm txhawm rau txhim kho kev lag luam agro-industrial hauv cov teb chaws tsim.

Tib lub sijhawm, cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev kub ntxhov. Lawv lub peev xwm yog nrhiav txoj hauv kev los daws cov teeb meem zaub mov. Ntawm cov no, nws tsim nyog hais txog cov hauv qab no:

  1. Kev hloov pauv zoo thiab cov qauv hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom noj.
  2. Kev ua liaj ua teb niaj hnub, tsim kom muaj kev loj hlob tsis tu ncua ntawm kev lag luam agro-industrial hauv lub tebchaws rov qab.
  3. Kev txhim kho ntawm biotechnology.
  4. Kev txhim kho kev tsim kho vaj tse sab nraum lub nroog loj - kev tsim khoom lag luam nyob deb nroog.
  5. Kev hloov pauv kev lag luam hauv cov tebchaws tsim kho hauv ntiaj teb, nce kev yuav khoom ntawm lawv cov pejxeem.
  6. Qhia txog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis rau hauv kev ua liaj ua teb ntawm kev lag luam.
  7. Kev txhim kho tib neeg peev, muab cov xwm txheej thiab lub sijhawm rau kev kawm ntawm cov neeg pluag.

Kev pab tib neeg rau cov neeg pluag thiab cov teb chaws tsim kho tau ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev txo cov teebmeem ntawm kev noj zaub mov.

ntiaj teb zaub mov teeb meem
ntiaj teb zaub mov teeb meem

UN Food Program

Ntawm cov hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm United Nations yog kom muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb thiab kev nyab xeeb hauv ntiaj teb, nrog rau kev tshem tawm txhua yam kev hem thawj thoob ntiaj teb. United Nations World Food Program(World Food Program, abbreviated as WFP), founded in 1961, is the world's biggest humanitarian organization. Txhua xyoo nws muab kev pab tiag tiag rau tsawg kawg 300 lab tus tib neeg nyob hauv 80 lub teb chaws. Kwv yees li 20 lab ntawm lawv yog menyuam yaus.

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau tawm tsam kev tshaib kev nqhis thiab txhim kho cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo hauv ntiaj teb thib peb. Txhua xyoo, lub koom haum faib ntau tshaj kaum ob billion parcels zaub mov muaj nqis $0.31 txhua. Txhua hnub, kwv yees li ib puas lub dav hlau thiab yuav luag tsib txhiab lub tsheb thauj khoom xa zaub mov rau cov neeg xav tau tshaj plaws. suav nrog thaj tsam nyuaj mus cuag lossis ua tsov ua rog ntawm Africa thiab Asia.

UN Food Program
UN Food Program

In xaus…

Ntawm cov teeb meem ceev tshaj plaws thoob ntiaj teb yog zaub mov. Txhua xyoo nws tsuas yog zuj zus, feem ntau yog los ntawm kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov pejxeem ntawm peb lub ntiaj teb. Kev tshawb nrhiav txoj hauv kev zoo los daws cov teeb meem zaub mov yog ib txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm noob neej nyob rau theem tam sim no ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob. Cia peb cia siab tias cov txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb kev lag luam hauv ntiaj teb kev lag luam, nrog rau kev ua tiav ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, yuav pab peb daws qhov teeb meem no kom zoo li sai tau.

Pom zoo: