Cov pejxeem ntawm Kazakhstan yog qhov nyuaj thiab nthuav keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:08

Cov pej xeem ntawm Kazakhstan yav tom ntej yuav ze rau qhov cim ntawm 17 lab tus tib neeg. Keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim cov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov neeg nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub teb chaws no yog nthuav nyob rau hauv hais tias muaj lub sij hawm thaum cov neeg hauv paus txawm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam no yog ho tsawg dua cov neeg tuaj xyuas.

Cov pej xeem ntawm Kazakhstan tau ntev tsis hloov pauv thiab txij li thaum ub los txog rau xyoo pua 18th yog kwv yees li 1 lab tus tib neeg. Thaum xub thawj, cov pab pawg neeg ntawm Iranian pab pawg nyob ntawd, uas thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo txhiab tshiab tau hloov los ntawm pab pawg neeg ntawm Turkic orientation. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua yam hloov pauv thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, thaum lub sijhawm hloov kho Stolypin, cov tsev neeg Lavxias thiab Ukrainian raug xa mus rau thaj chaw Kazakh kom khiav lag luam. Txog tam sim no, feem ntawm Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Poles, thiab lwm yam nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm lub teb chaws no yog mus txog 40-70 feem pua.

Nyob rau xyoo pua 20th, kev tshaib kev nqhis ntawm 30s thaum ntxov ua rau txo qis ntawm Kazakhs thiab lwm haiv neeg,thaum ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov tsev neeg tau tawm ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Kazakhstan rau Tuam Tshoj thiab lwm lub tebchaws Soviet. Cov pejxeem ntawm Kazakhstan nyob rau xyoo ntawd poob txog ib thiab ib nrab lab tus tib neeg. Tom qab xyoo 1935, Kazakhstan tau los ua lub tebchaws rau ntau tus neeg ntawm Soviet Russia, uas raug yuam kom xa mus rau thaj av no. Poles, Germans, Chechens, Ingush tau thauj ntawm no. Qhov kev hloov pauv tau tshwm sim hauv kaum tawm txhiab tus neeg, uas ua rau txo tus naj npawb ntawm Kazakhs mus rau 30% xyoo 1959. Xyoo 50-60s ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, cov pej xeem ntawm lub tebchaws tau rov ua dua ib zaug ntxiv vim yog cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw uas tuaj los tsim cov av nkauj xwb hauv cheeb tsam no.

Tom qab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm USSR, kev nkag tebchaws tau nce zuj zus hauv lub tebchaws, vim tias cov pejxeem ntawm Kazakhstan poob txog 63-64% ntawm cov neeg German nyob ntawd, txog 28-29% ntawm cov neeg Lavxias, 24- 25% ntawm Tatars, ntau Belarusians sab laug (38% ntawm tag nrho cov neeg nyob hauv). Hloov chaw, tus naj npawb ntawm Kazakhs tsim nyog (los ntawm 22%) thiab cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Uzbek, Uighur, Kurdish haiv neeg (los ntawm 11, 13 thiab 28 feem pua, raws li) tau nce.

Nyob rau hauv nws qhov ntau, cov pejxeem ntawm Kazakhstan tshaj tawm txoj kev ntseeg Muslim. Hauv qhov chaw thib ob (kwv yees li 27%) yog cov ntseeg Vajtswv. Cov lus tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws yog Russian. Nws tau hais tau zoo los ntawm kwv yees li 95% ntawm cov pej xeem thiab kwv yees li 85% yog cov txawj hais lus thiab sau ntawv. Cov lus Kazakh yog hais tau zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm Kazakhs thiab Uzbeks - 98.4 thiab 95.5 feem pua, raws li.

Kazakhstan, nws cov pejxeem nyob hauv 61st qhov chaw (thaum kawg ntawm 2012)xyoo) nyob rau hauv cov npe ntawm cov teb chaws thoob plaws ntiaj teb, yog ib lub teb chaws uas cov pej xeem hauv nroog yog piv rau cov neeg nyob deb nroog (9.1 thiab 7.6 lab, feem). Qhov kev yug me nyuam hauv lub tebchaws tshaj qhov kev tuag ob zaug. Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 2011, 22-23 tus menyuam yug los ntawm 1,000 tus neeg, thaum cov neeg nyob hauv Kazakhstan muaj plaub npaug ntau dua li kev sib nrauj. Raws li kev kwv yees kwv yees, los ntawm 2020 cov pej xeem ntawm lub xeev no yuav nce mus rau 18.5 - 18.6 lab tus tib neeg. Daim duab kawg yog xam suav nrog kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw sab nraud thiab sab hauv, thiab thawj zaug - nrog qhov tsis hloov pauv ntawm fertility, tuag, tsiv teb tsaws, thiab lwm yam.

Cov haiv neeg ntawm Kazakhstan niaj hnub no muaj ntau dua li ntau haiv neeg - txog 130 haiv neeg nyob ntawm no, ntawm cov neeg coob coob yog (hauv kev txiav txim los nqis los) Kazakhs, Russians, Ukrainians, Germans.