Cov nceb noj tau zoo li cas: cov duab nrog cov npe thiab cov lus piav qhia

Cov txheej txheem:

Cov nceb noj tau zoo li cas: cov duab nrog cov npe thiab cov lus piav qhia
Cov nceb noj tau zoo li cas: cov duab nrog cov npe thiab cov lus piav qhia

Video: Cov nceb noj tau zoo li cas: cov duab nrog cov npe thiab cov lus piav qhia

Video: Cov nceb noj tau zoo li cas: cov duab nrog cov npe thiab cov lus piav qhia
Video: Npau Suav li no Txhob coj mus tham qhia luag lwm tus 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Txawm hais tias nws yooj yim npaum li cas mus rau tom khw lossis khw txhua lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo thiab yuav nceb nyob ntawd, nws tsis yooj yim sua kom ntxias tus neeg yos hav zoov tiag tiag ntawm hav zoov nplua nuj nrog hauv qab daus oyster nceb thiab champignons. Muab piv cov nceb dawb los yog boletus nrog lawv cov neeg txheeb ze "tsim" zoo li muab cov nqaij qaib khov thiab cov nqaij qaib tshiab rau tib theem. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua tus tuaj yeem khav theeb ntawm kev paub tsis meej ntawm cov khoom plig ntawm hav zoov, thiab ntau dua, tsis yog txhua tus yuav hais tias cov nceb noj tau zoo li cas. Xav txog tias ntau tshaj 200 hom nceb tau pom nyob rau thaj chaw ntawm peb lub tebchaws, cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov feem ntau ntawm lawv yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau ntau yam.

Ib qho yuam kev ntawm tus nqi ntawm lub neej

nceb nceb zoo li cas
nceb nceb zoo li cas

Tau mus rau hauv hav zoov ib zaug lossis ob zaug, nws tsis tuaj yeem nco ntsoov txhua hom nceb muaj tshuaj lom thiab muaj tshuaj lom. Tsis tas li ntawd, rau cov tshiab rau kev sau cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm qhov xwm txheej, qhov nyuaj ntawm kev kawm txog qhov teeb meem no nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tias nyob rau hauv ntau thaj chaw muaj.lawv txawv subspecies. Kev loj hlob ntawm tib cov nceb thiab chanterelles nyob ntawm cov av hauv hav zoov, ntoo, thiab kev siv lub hnub ci nkag mus rau lawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, txawm tias tib hom nceb hauv hav zoov sib txawv tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv. Tab sis nws yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub muaj kev pheej hmoo hauv kev lag luam no. Vim li cas thiaj tseem ceeb kom paub tias cov nceb noj tau zoo li cas?

Ua ntej tshaj, tsis txhob khaws cov toadstools rau hauv pob tawb. Qhov thib ob, vim tias cov nceb muaj kev nyab xeeb muaj lawv cov kev faib tawm. Lawv muab faib ua edible thiab conditionally edible. Qhov no txhais li cas? Mushrooms los ntawm thawj pab pawg muaj zoo heev saj thiab aroma, thiab lawv cov kev npaj tso cai rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev xaiv (qhuav, boiling, kib, stewing, pickling, s alting). Txhua tus paub tias cov nceb noj tau los ntawm pawg no zoo li cas. Cov no yog cov paub thiab nyiam los ntawm ntau yam dawb, nceb, boletus thiab boletus, mis nyuj nceb, nceb, champignons.

Cov nceb noj tau zoo li cas?
Cov nceb noj tau zoo li cas?

Cov nceb noj tau yooj yim ua rau muaj kev tsis ntseeg ntau thiab kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb thiab cov kws paub txog nceb pickers. Cov no yog morels, umbrellas, cuav chanterelles thiab lwm hom, ib txhia ntawm lawv muaj cov saj zoo tshaj plaws, tab sis tsuas yog tom qab lawv tau txais kev kho kom zoo thiab kev kho cua sov. Yog tias koj tsis ua raws li txoj cai kev nyab xeeb, qhov zoo tshaj plaws koj tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov tais diav, thiab qhov phem tshaj plaws, tus neeg khaws cov nceb tsis muaj hmoo yuav xaus rau hauv lub txaj pw hauv tsev kho mob nrog kev qaug cawv loj.

Yuav tsum tsis txhob noj

Ua ntej peb qhia thiab qhia seb cov nceb noj tau zoo li cas, yees duabuas yuav nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm me ntsis ntxiv, peb xav ceeb toom cov neeg nyeem tawm tsam qhov ua yuam kev loj tshaj plaws thaum sau qoob hauv hav zoov. Yog vim li cas peb rov nco qab cov nceb uas tsis tuaj yeem coj mus rau hauv ib qho xwm txheej, txawm li cas los xij zoo nkauj, txhim khu kev qha thiab ntxias lawv saib.

Yim yam txaus ntshai heev los ntawm lub nceeg vaj ntawm fungi loj hlob nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Russia. Feem ntau yog yoov agaric, daj ntseg grebe, cuav chanterelle thiab cuav zib ntab agaric. Thawj cov nceb tsuas tuaj yeem tsis meej pem nrog lub kaus muaj xim, peb yuav tham txog nws tom qab. Tus yoov agaric nws tus kheej yog cov nceb zoo nkauj heev, nws lub kaus mom liab nrog cov nplais dawb tsis muaj qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig tau dhau los ua "tus phab ej" ntawm cartoons thiab cov duab kos rau menyuam yaus. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab qhov kev dag ntxias dag ib qho insidious thiab muaj kuab lom nyob rau hauv.

Cov nceb noj tau zoo li cas hauv hav zoov?
Cov nceb noj tau zoo li cas hauv hav zoov?

Txawm hais tias yuam kev ntau dua yog qhov daj ntseg toadstool, uas yog suav tias yog cov nceb lom tshaj plaws ntawm cov uas pom hauv peb qhov chaw qhib. Tom qab noj nws nyob rau hauv ib tug npaum li ntawm 30-40 g, ib tug neeg yuav feem ntau yuav tuag, vim hais tias ib tug antidote rau nws co toxins tseem tsis tau tsim. Kuj ceeb tias, cov nceb no muaj qhov tsw zoo thiab saj, uas ib zaug lees paub qhov tseeb tias nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab lawv qhov tsim nyog thiab kev nyab xeeb los ntawm kev hnov tsw thiab saj cov khoom plig hav zoov.

Cov chanterelle cuav yog qhov pom kev zoo ib yam li nws cov txheeb ze noj tau, tab sis muaj qhov tsaus, qias neeg-liab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm lub hau thiab tsis loj hlob hauv pawg. Tab sis nws yog qhov yooj yim dua kom tsis meej pem ib qho tsis tseeb zib mu agaric nrog nceb zoo. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum paub seb cov nceb noj tau zoo li cas. Diam duab thiab piav qhia ntawm nceb ntawm feem ntau thiab muaj txiaj ntsig hom kujyog nyob rau hauv peb kev tshaj tawm.

Ntau tshaj cov nceb lub caij ntuj sov

Kev sau qoob los ntawm cov neeg yos hav zoov uas ntsiag to pib thaum lub Tsib Hlis. Nws yog lub sijhawm no uas thawj cov nceb tau tshwm sim - St. George's los yog, raws li lawv kuj hu ua, May kab. Lawv yog cov genus Calocybe, uas muaj 13 hom. Mushrooms yog conditionally hu ua kab. Tab sis tsuas yog May kab tsim nyog tau txais kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Lub caij xaus sai heev, los ntawm nruab nrab Lub Rau Hli. Qhov no yog cov nceb dawb-daj agaric nrog lub kaus mom tuab, nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev ua noj, txawm hais tias tsis yog rau txhua tus saj vim muaj fiber ntau thiab tshwj xeeb aroma.

Midsummer yog qhov siab ntawm lub caij nceb. Lub sijhawm no, hav zoov txaus siab rau tib neeg nrog nws cov khoom plig qab tshaj plaws, ntawm cov tsiaj hauv qab no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab saj:

  • Cep nceb. Nws muaj ib tug dav fleshy ceg, tej zaum nrog grey streaks. Lub kaus mom yog convex, tubular nyob rau hauv qab, dawb los yog cream nyob rau hauv cov xim, sab saum toj yuav muaj ib tug txawv xim: los ntawm lub teeb daj mus rau tsaus xim av.
  • Mokhovik txiv ntseej (Polish). Nws cov yam ntxwv txawv yog ib qho tsaus nti saum nrog ntsuab-daj tubular nqaij (elastic rau qhov kov) thiab lub qia daj. Cov nceb no tig xiav thaum txiav thiab nias, ua kom nws paub.
  • Mushroom ntsuab. Nws zoo ib yam li Polish nceb, tab sis nws muaj lub qia nyias, thiab lub hau tsis yog xim av, tab sis velvety ntsuab.
  • Babok. Ntau loj dua cov kab mob dawb. Cov ceg yog dawb, nrog grey streaks-teev, elastic thiabca, tubular cap, thaum loj hlob mus txog 15-20 cm nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla, nws cov xim feem ntau yog xim av tsaus. Tab sis qee zaum nws los hauv cov xim sib dua.
  • Aspen thiab boletus kuj yog ib hom muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws. Cov nceb noj tau ntawm cov hom no zoo li cas? Lawv zoo li obabok, tab sis txawv nyob rau hauv ib lub me me cap, uas feem ntau yog nruj nreem haum ib tug siab, muaj zog ceg, los yog qhib, tab sis muaj ib tug me me txoj kab uas hla (txog 2-3 cm). Lawv cov yam ntxwv feature yog xim ntawm sab saum toj. Hauv boletus, nws tuaj yeem yog xim liab, cib lossis ocher-txiv kab ntxwv. Hauv boletus, lub kaus mom muaj xim los ntawm dawb mus rau tsaus grey, qee zaum yuav luag dub.
dab tsi nceb zoo li edible yees duab thiab piav qhia
dab tsi nceb zoo li edible yees duab thiab piav qhia

Nws tsis tuaj yeem nyob twj ywm ntawm lwm cov nceb, uas ntau tus neeg saib tsis taus dhau los, txawm hais tias nws muaj qhov saj zoo heev - russula. Nws muaj ib txhais ceg snow-dawb tsis muaj lub nplhaib thiab lub kaus mom lamellar. Feem ntau, nws yog them nrog ib tug ntsuab los yog liab daim tawv nqaij, uas yog heev yooj yim mus cais los ntawm lub pulp. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov nceb no yog nws qhov tsis yooj yim, tsuas yog nws ob txhais ceg tuaj yeem nqa mus rau hauv tsev nkaus xwb.

khoom plig los ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg hav zoov

Tam sim no cia peb tham txog cov kab tom qab thiab seb cov nceb noj tau zoo li cas, cov duab nrog cov npe yuav pab kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam nrog grebes. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom plig hav zoov muaj zog nyob ntawm theem ntawm cov av noo, yog li lawv qhov kev sau qoob loo loj tshwm sim thaum Lub Xya Hli, tom qab hnub los nag, thiab tseem nyob rau lub Cuaj Hli-Lub Kaum Hli. Lub sijhawm no, cov hnub sov heev, nws feem ntau los nag, uas nyiam kev loj hlob ntawm nceb.

Thawjmid-Autumn yog lub sijhawm zoo rau cov neeg yos hav zoov rau hav zoov zaub "nqaij". Nws yog lub sijhawm no cov nceb boletus thiab lawv cov txheeb ze ze tshaj plaws pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog lub zog tshiab, thiab koj tuaj yeem yooj yim nrhiav tau butterflies, mis nyuj nceb thiab, ntawm chav kawm, nceb. Cov nceb no yog lub caij nplooj zeeg nyiam. Cov nceb khaws tau nyob rau lub sijhawm no feem ntau yog siv rau s alting, pickling thiab ziab. Autumn muab sijhawm kawg los npaj cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig rau lub caij ntuj no.

Tam sim no peb yuav qhia koj txog cov nceb noj tau zoo li cas. Cov duab nrog cov npe ntawm cov neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb ntawm lub nceeg vaj yuav pab khaws cov qoob loo zoo. Cia peb pib kev tshuaj xyuas nrog porcini nceb.

Cep nceb

Peb twb tau muab cov lus piav qhia luv luv ntawm cov nceb porcini siab dua me ntsis, peb tsuas yog ntxiv tias nws yog cov tsiaj loj ntawm boletus genus. Nws lub kaus mom nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla tuaj yeem loj hlob mus txog 50 cm, thiab ceg nce mus txog qhov siab ntawm 25 cm. Nws yog qhov nyuaj heev kom tau raws li qhov loj, vim tias cov nceb dawb, uas feem ntau hu ua boletus, yog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm txhua tus nceb nceb.. Nws tsuas yog txwv tsis pub loj hlob mus rau qhov loj me - lawv raug txiav tawm cov tub ntxhais hluas. Nws yog qab thiab noj qab nyob zoo, absorbed los ntawm lub cev thiab yooj yim rau kev npaj.

Tus yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov nceb no yog tias nws tsis hloov nws cov xim txawm tias thaum ntxuav thiab sib cais ua ntu, lossis tom qab thaum nws siav. Nws yog los ntawm boletus tias nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua noj kua zaub, kua ntses, nws kuj yog cua thiab txaus nyiam hauv daim ntawv qhuav.

Txhua tus paub nws qhov tsos, qhov zoo, vim tias koj yuav tsum paub tias cov nceb noj tau zoo li cas hauv hav zoov kom tsis txhob khaws cov khoom noj uas tsis tau noj. Yog, peb tsis tau ua ib qho kev tshwj tseg, muaj ib tug neeg sawv cev ntawm lub nceeg vaj los ntawm hom tilopiles,uas zoo ib yam li boletus, tab sis tsis haum rau zaub mov.

Qhov no yog hu ua kab mob plab, lossis mustard. Nws qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm boletus yog xim liab ntawm cov tubules hauv qab lub kaus mom, thiab cov xim no kuj tshwm sim ntawm cov ntsiab lus txiav. Nco ntsoov tias mustard tsis lom, tab sis tsis kaj siab heev, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej nws yog tasteless, ib zaug nyob rau hauv tib lub lauj kaub nrog rau lwm yam nceb, nws yuav hopelessly puas tag nrho cov tais.

Oils

nceb nceb zoo li cas
nceb nceb zoo li cas

Raws li lub npe no, tag nrho cov genus ntawm nceb koom ua ke, suav nrog txog 40-50 hom. Peb ntawm lawv feem ntau nrov: larch, daj (zoo tib yam) thiab daj-xim av butterdish. Lub tom kawg yog outwardly qhov txaus nyiam tshaj plaws, nws zoo li me ntsis zoo li Polish nceb, tab sis, alas, tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb saj zoo. Nws muaj ceg tawv daj, lub kaus mom burgundy npog nrog cov hnoos qeev tsuas yog thaum los nag hnyav, nws muaj lub cev nqaij daim tawv ntawm ocher hue.

Larch thiab daj cov kaus poom roj muaj nuj nqis ntau dua los ntawm cov nceb nceb, txawm tias lawv saib thiab xav li cas. Butter nceb yog edible, ntxiv rau, lawv yog heev qab. Tom qab tshem cov tawv nqaij los ntawm lub kaus mom, lawv tuaj yeem kib, boiled thiab pickled.

Raws

hom nceb no tuaj yeem sau txij lub Plaub Hlis, thaum lub Tsib Hlis, thiab txog rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis. Muaj tseeb tiag, txij li thaum nruab nrab Lub Rau Hli, lub Tsib Hlis hom tsis pom lawm, nws raug hloov los ntawm cov txheeb ze tom qab:

  • kab neeg coob;
  • kab liab;
  • kab liab;
  • kab fused.

Lawv yog cov nceb muaj kev nyab xeeb. Cov nceb noj tau zoo li cas?kab? Lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws. Cov nceb muaj lub hau me me nrog daim hlau nquag heev thiab cov qia tuab tuab ntawm lub hauv paus. Lawv loj hlob nyob rau hauv zoo fertilized av, feem ntau nyob rau hauv loj tsev neeg (kab, concentric (witch) rings). Hauv qhov no lawv txawv ntawm qee qhov zoo sib xws toadstools. Ntawm lawv tus kheej, lawv txawv ntawm qhov tsos.

nceb nceb zoo li cas
nceb nceb zoo li cas

Yog li, kab neeg coob coob muaj lub kaus mom grey-daj. Lub qia yog dawb nyob rau sab saum toj thiab grey ze ntawm lub hauv paus. Nws suav hais tias yog qhov qab tshaj plaws, yog li peb xav kom saib qhov kev pom no hauv daim duab. Yuav ua li cas noj kab nceb ntawm lwm hom zoo li? Cov kab fused muaj lub kaus mom dawb. Lub kaus mom ntawm tus neeg nceb feem ntau sib koom ua ke, yog li lawv lub npe. Cov kab liab liab yog qhov txawv ntawm nws cov paj yeeb zoo nkauj sab saum toj, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj suav tias yog tshuaj lom hauv qee lub tebchaws. Nws belongs rau cov nceb noj tau, tab sis yuav tsum tau ceev faj txog kev kho cua sov. Tib yam siv rau txoj kab liab, nws zoo li zoo nkauj, nws muaj lub taub hau zoo nkauj burgundy scaly thiab burgundy-daj ceg. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov saj ntawm nceb tsis yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws.

Umbrella nceb

Yuav ua li cas noj kaus nceb zoo li
Yuav ua li cas noj kaus nceb zoo li

Txawm hais tias lub kaus nceb zoo li cas, muaj cov neeg sawv cev noj tau ntawm lawv, ntxiv rau, qee hom yog suav tias yog delicacy. Tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov nroj tsuag hav zoov no muaj kev pom zoo: nws muaj ib tug nyias xim av ceg, uas yog them los ntawm sab saum toj mus rau hauv qab nrog me me nplai. Lub kaus mom, nyob ntawm hom, yuav txawv; nws sab saum toj yog crowned nrog ib tug tubercle. Koj tuaj yeem noj nceb-umbrella motley (loj), graceful thiab blushing.

Agaric nceb yog txiv neej zoo

Cov nceb dub siab tshaj plaws yog suav tias yog nceb. Tsis yog vim lawv tsis muaj qab los yog muaj tshuaj lom, tab sis vim tias lawv muaj ntau tus neeg sib tw, thiab txaus ntshai heev. Cov nceb noj tau zoo li cas? Daim duab ntawm nceb yog nthuav tawm hauv qab no. Cov nceb feem ntau yog lub caij nplooj zeeg, lub caij ntuj sov thiab cov nyom. Thawj ob hom yog suav tias yog cov kab mob cab uas tuaj yeem tua tau tsob ntoo muaj zog noj qab haus huv hauv 5-6 xyoo, loj hlob hauv cov cheeb tsam. Lawv muaj ib tug ntev thiab nyias ceg, feem ntau them nrog xim av me ntsis, nws yog fibrous, thiab yog li ntawd nws yog tsis tshua muaj noj. Yuav kom paub seb cov nceb noj tau zoo li cas, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas cov tsos ntawm lawv cov kaus mom. Nws yog lamellar, feem ntau me me, convex, nrog cov npoo tig, hauv qee hom nws ncav cuag 20 cm inch.

dab tsi nceb zoo li nceb yees duab noj tau
dab tsi nceb zoo li nceb yees duab noj tau

Meadow nceb me me dua. Lub kaus mom loj hlob mus txog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 8 cm nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla, nws muaj lub teeb xim av los yog ocher xim. txhais ceg nyias thiab siab.

Kev piav qhia thiab duab ntawm nceb

nceb nceb zoo li cas
nceb nceb zoo li cas

Tej zaum txhua tus paub txog nceb pickers paub seb cov nceb saffron zoo li cas. Puas yog lawv noj tau lossis tsis? txawv teb chaws xav txawv. Nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe, lawv tsis noj, tab sis ntawm Lavxias teb sab nceb pickers lawv hwm thiab muaj nuj nqis rau lawv zoo heev saj thiab aroma. Lawv qhov tsos zoo kawg nkaus. Ginger loj hlob ntawm ib tug tuab txiv kab ntxwv ceg,sab saum toj ntawm uas yog ua tiav los ntawm lub kaus mom nrog cov npoo tig. Yog li ntawd, nws tsim ib tug recess, ib tug funnel. Nws sab hauv qab yog ua los ntawm ib txheej ntawm txiv kab ntxwv daim hlau, thiab sab saum toj yog txawv los ntawm ib tug zoo nkauj qauv ntawm ntau concentric voj voog ntawm ib tug tsaus nti xim.

Qhov peculiarity ntawm camelina yog tias cov nqaij tawv hloov nws cov xim mus rau burgundy los yog greenish tint ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev txiav los yog puas. Nws loj hlob feem ntau hauv hav zoov coniferous, qee zaum ntom ntom uas nws pom muaj nyob hauv txhua kauj ruam.

Pom zoo: