Tsis siv neeg phom Simonov: specifications thiab duab

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Tsis siv neeg phom Simonov: specifications thiab duab
Tsis siv neeg phom Simonov: specifications thiab duab

Video: Tsis siv neeg phom Simonov: specifications thiab duab

Video: Tsis siv neeg phom Simonov: specifications thiab duab
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Anonim

AVS-36 - Simonov tsis siv neeg phom, tso tawm xyoo 1936. Thaum xub thawj, cov riam phom tau tsim los ua phom rau tus kheej, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm ntawm kev txhim kho, cov neeg tsim khoom tau ntxiv hom kev tua hluav taws. Nws yog thawj rab phom tsis siv neeg chambered rau 7.62, uas tau txais los ntawm Soviet Union, thiab thawj phom ntawm cov chav kawm hauv ntiaj teb no, tau txais los ntawm txoj cai. Hauv kev ua tiav kawg, ABC-36 tau hais ob peb lub hlis ua ntej Asmeskas M1 Garand. Niaj hnub no peb yuav txiav txim siab txog keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim cov phom tsis siv neeg Simonov thiab nws cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb.

Simonov tsis siv neeg phom
Simonov tsis siv neeg phom

Kev txhim kho

Thawj tus qauv ntawm Simonov tsis siv neeg phom loj tau qhia rov qab rau xyoo 1926. Tom qab txiav txim siab txog qhov project tau thov los ntawm S. G. Simonov, pawg neeg tua phom txiav txim siab tsis tso cai rau kev sim riam phom no. Xyoo 1930, tus tsim qauv tswj kom ua tiav ntawm kev sib tw riam phom. Simonov tus neeg sib tw tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim phom tsis siv neeg yog F. V. Tokarev. Nyob rau hauv 1931, txuas ntxiv ua hauj lwm rau kev txhim kho nwsphom, Simonov ho upgraded nws.

Recognition

Simonov rab phom tsis siv neeg tau sim zoo heev ntawm qhov chaw sim, vim li ntawd cov neeg tua phom Soviet tau txiav txim siab tso ib pawg me me ntawm ABC rau kev sim tub rog dav. Ib txhij nrog kev tso tawm thawj pawg, nws tau thov kom tsim cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis txhawm rau pib tsim khoom loj thaum pib xyoo 1934. Qhov kev tso tawm tau npaj yuav tsim nyob rau hauv Izhevsk, qhov twg Simonov mus rau tus kheej los pab npaj cov txheej txheem ntau lawm. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1934, Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Tiv Thaiv USSR tau txais kev daws teeb meem ntawm kev txhim kho lub peev xwm rau kev tsim cov ABC-36 xyoo tom ntej.

Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm xyoo 1935-1936, Simonov tus qauv ua pov thawj tias nws zoo dua li Tokarev's. Thiab qhov no txawm tias qhov tseeb tias ABC tus qauv ua tsis tiav thaum lub sijhawm xeem. Raws li qhov xaus ntawm pawg saib xyuas, qhov ua rau ntawm kev puas tsuaj yog kev tsim khoom tsis xws luag, thiab tsis tsim qhov tsis zoo. Qhov no tau lees paub los ntawm thawj tus qauv ntawm rab phom ntev, uas tiv taus txog 27 txhiab txhaj tshuaj yam tsis muaj kev tawg.

AVS-36 (Simonov tsis siv neeg phom)
AVS-36 (Simonov tsis siv neeg phom)

Kev yuav khoom

Hauv xyoo 1936, Simonov tsis siv neeg phom loj tau txais los ntawm USSR. Nws yog thawj qhov tsis siv neeg riam phom ntawm Red Army chambered rau rab phom phom ntawm caliber 7.62. Cov riam phom uas nkag mus rau kev pabcuam txawv ntawm cov qauv hauv ntau qhov kev daws teeb meem.

Xyoo 1938, ABC-36 thawj zaug tau tshwm sim rau pej xeem ntawm May Day tub rog kev ua yeeb yam. Nws tau ua tub rog nrog cov neeg tua neegThawj Moscow Proletarian Division. Lub Ob Hlis 26 ntawm tib lub xyoo, A. I. Bykhovsky, tus thawj coj ntawm cov nroj tsuag Izhevsk, hais tias ABC (Simonov tsis siv neeg phom loj) tau ua tiav thiab muab tso rau hauv ntau lawm.

Tom qab ntawd, thaum Stalin xaj kev tsim kho ntawm tus kheej-loading phom tsis muaj peev xwm tua nyob rau hauv hom tsis siv neeg, ABC-36 yuav hloov los ntawm SVT-38. Yog vim li cas rau qhov kev txiav txim siab no thiab tsis kam tua tsis siv neeg yog kev txuag cov mos txwv.

Thaum ABC-36 tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam, qhov ntim ntawm nws cov khoom tau nce ntau heev. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1934, 106 luam tawm ntawm lub rooj sib txoos kab, nyob rau hauv 1935 - 286, nyob rau hauv 1937 - 10280, thiab nyob rau hauv 1938 - 23401. Ntau lawm mus txog 1940. Txog lub sijhawm no, yuav luag 67 txhiab rab phom tau tsim.

Simonov tsis siv neeg phom: tub rog tshuaj xyuas
Simonov tsis siv neeg phom: tub rog tshuaj xyuas

Tsim

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm rab phom tsis siv neeg yog ua raws li kev tshem tawm cov hmoov av. Tus qauv tuaj yeem tua ob qho tib si cartridges thiab hauv hom tsis siv neeg. Hloov hom kev tua hluav taws yog ua los ntawm kev siv lub zog tshwj xeeb nyob rau sab xis ntawm lub receiver. Ib hom yog lub ntsiab. Nws yuav tsum tau tua nyob rau hauv bursts nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug tsis txaus tus naj npawb ntawm lub teeb tshuab rab phom nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev. Raws li kev tua hluav taws tsis tu ncua, nws tau tso cai rau cov tub rog tsuas yog nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, thaum muaj kev tawm tsam tam sim ntawm tus yeeb ncuab los ntawm qhov deb tsawg dua 150 meters. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tsis pub ntau tshaj 4 cov ntawv xov xwm tuaj yeem siv ua ke kom tsis txhob muaj cua sov thiab hnav cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm rab phom.

Gas qhov hluav taws xob chav tsev, lub piston uas muaj luv luvtxav mus, nyob saum lub cev. Vertical block (wedge) xauv lub thoob txav mus rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub receiver. Txoj kab ntawm kev txav ntawm lub block deviates los ntawm ntsug ntawm li 5 °, uas ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau qhib lub shutter manually. Thaum lub block txav mus, nws nkag mus rau hauv qhov grooves ntawm lub shutter thiab xauv nws. Kev kaw haujlwm tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm thaum lub clutch, uas txuas nrog cov roj piston, nyem lub block. Vim qhov tseeb tias qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas tau nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm thiab cov breech, cov cartridges tau muab tso rau hauv lub chamber raws txoj kev ntev thiab ntxhab, uas feem ntau ua rau qeeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim muaj qhov tshwj xeeb no, tus txais tau txais txiaj ntsig tau ntev thiab nyuaj hauv kev tsim.

Simonov's tsis siv neeg rab phom kuj tseem muaj lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj, sab hauv uas tau nyob: tus ntaus nrog lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, qee qhov ntawm qhov cuam tshuam thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv. Cov qauv ntawm cov phom ntev, tso tawm ua ntej xyoo 1936, sib txawv ntawm cov cuab yeej ntawm qhov cuam tshuam, txiav tawm thiab nres ntawm lub ntsiab.

Simonov tsis siv neeg phom: keeb kwm ntau lawm
Simonov tsis siv neeg phom: keeb kwm ntau lawm

Kev tua hluav taws

Raws li cov lus qhia, qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv tau raug txwv los ntawm tus yuam sij tshwj xeeb, nkag mus rau qhov uas tsuas yog muaj rau tus thawj coj pab pawg. Hauv qhov tshwj xeeb, nws tau tso cai rau cov tub rog hloov lawv rab phom mus rau hom tsis siv neeg. Seb cov tub rog ua raws li cov lus qhia yog qhov taw qhia moot. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov phom Fedorov, tsuas yog cov tub rog uas xeem dhau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas coj mus kuaj tau ib tug hluav taws txhais lus nyob rau hauv nws txhais tes. Thiab thaum lub sij hawm Tsov Rog Nyab Laj xyoo, US cov tub ceev xwm tshem tawm cov neeg txhais lus los ntawmM14 tub rog phom, txhawm rau zam kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib tsoo, uas, zoo li hauv ABC-36, yog qhov siv tsis tau thaum tua ntawm tes. Nws raug pom zoo kom tua nyob rau hauv tsis siv neeg hom nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm nquag, los ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb, nrog tib lub pob tw thaum tua los ntawm DP tshuab rab phom. Kev txhaj tshuaj ib zaug, los ntawm ib qho chaw sawv lossis zaum, tus tua tau tuav rab phom los ntawm hauv qab cov ntawv xov xwm nrog nws sab laug.

Rate of Fire

Tus nqi hluav taws xob ntawm Simonov lub phom tsis siv neeg yog li 800 rounds ib feeb. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev xyaum, daim duab no tau qis dua. Ib tus kws tua phom uas tau kawm nrog cov ntawv xov xwm ua ntej tau raug rho tawm mus txog 25 rounds ib feeb nrog ib qho hluav taws kub, txog li 50 nrog tawg, thiab txog li 80 nrog hluav taws tsis tu ncua. Qhov qhib qhov pom muaj qhov tob ntawm 100 txog 1500 m, increments ntawm 100 m.

Ambition

Cov phom loj tau noj los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm uas muaj lub ntsej muag uas muaj peev xwm tuav tau 15 puag ncig. Cov duab ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm yog vim muaj lub ntsej muag protruding ntawm daim cartridge siv. Nws muaj peev xwm muab cov khw muag khoom sib cais los ntawm riam phom thiab ntawm nws, los ntawm cov qauv clips. Cov qauv ntawm cov phom ntev, ua ntej xyoo 1936, kuj tuaj yeem nruab nrog cov ntawv xov xwm rau 10 thiab 20 rounds.

Simonov tsis siv neeg phom: keeb kwm
Simonov tsis siv neeg phom: keeb kwm

Bayonet

Lub thoob ntawm Simonov rab phom tsis siv neeg tau nruab nrog lub tsheb nres loj heev thiab lub mount rau rab phom bayonet. Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov versions, lub bayonet yuav txuas tsis tau tsuas yog horizontally, tab sis kuj vertically, down nrog ib tug wedge. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, nws yuav tsum tau siv raws liib-legged ersatz bipod rau firing nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm nquag. Txawm li cas los xij, cov lus piav qhia ntawm rab phom loj, luam tawm xyoo 1937, txwv tsis pub siv rab phom bayonet, siv tshuaj tua kab mob hauv hom tsis siv neeg nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm dov lossis turf. Raws li txoj cai, qhov kev qhia meej no yog qhov tsis tsim nyog, vim tias txij li xyoo 1936, rab phom tsis tau nruab nrog bipod bayonet. Thaj, lub tswv yim ntawm kev ua kom lub functionality ntawm xws li ib tug zoo tib yam khoom raws li ib tug bayonet, txaus nyiam nyob rau hauv txoj kev xav, tsis tau qhia nws tus kheej hauv kev xyaum. Thaum lub sij hawm lub peb hlis ntuj, lub bayonet tau nqa nyob rau hauv ib tug sheath nrog rau lub fighter txoj siv, thiab nws tseem nyob ntawd thaum tua.

Specifications

Simonov's tsis siv neeg phom muaj cov nram qab no tsis:

  1. Nyhav suav nrog bayonet nrog sheath, kho qhov muag pom thiab cov ntawv xov xwm ntim nrog cov cartridges - txog 6 kg.
  2. Qhov hnyav ntawm rab phom tsis muaj bayonet, scope thiab magazine yog 4,050 kg.
  3. Qhov hnyav ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm nruab yog 0.675 kg.
  4. Cov phau ntawv Magazine qhov hnyav - 0.350 kg.
  5. Qhov hnyav ntawm bayonet hauv sheath yog 0.550 kg.
  6. Qhov hnyav ntawm qhov pom nrog lub bracket yog 0.725 kg.
  7. Bracket nyhav - 0.145 kg.
  8. Ntau ntawm cov khoom txav (stem, bolt thiab cocking clutch) - 0.5 kg.
  9. Magazine muaj peev xwm - 15 rounds.
  10. Caliber - 7.62 mm.
  11. Length with bayonet - 1,520 m.
  12. Length tsis bayonet - 1,260 m.
  13. Qhov ntev ntawm cov phom phom ntawm lub thoob - 0.557 m.
  14. Number of grooves – 4.
  15. Fly qhov siab - 29.8 mm.
  16. Shutter mus ncig 130 mm.
  17. Kev sib tw (aiming) - 1500 m.
  18. Cov phom ntau (sab-rau-sab) -3000 m.
  19. Cov mos txwv ceev (thawj pib) - 840 m / s.
  20. Rate of fire (technical) - 800 rounds per minute.
Simonov tsis siv neeg phom: yees duab
Simonov tsis siv neeg phom: yees duab

Nyob zoo

Nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 22, 1938, lwm qhov kev sib tw tau tshaj tawm rau kev txhim kho tus kheej-loading phom tshiab raws li kev tshem tawm cov hmoov av. Cov kab ke ntawm Simonov, Tokarev, Rukavishnikov thiab lwm yam tsis paub phom phom tau koom nrog hauv kev sib tw, uas tau tshwm sim txij thaum kawg ntawm lub caij ntuj sov mus txog rau thaum pib lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm tib lub xyoo. Thaum kawg ntawm lub Kaum Ib Hlis, qhov kev sim zaum kawg tau tshwm sim, raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub Ob Hlis 1939, Tokarev phom, hu ua SVT-38, tau txais los ntawm USSR. Hnub ua ntej ntawm qhov no, Lub Ib Hlis Ntuj Tim 19, Simonov tshaj tawm tshem tawm tag nrho cov kev tsis txaus ntawm nws rab phom nyob rau hauv kev cia siab tias nws yuav tau txais lwm txoj hauv kev. Thaum kawg ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm tib lub xyoo, ib tug tshwj xeeb commission raug tsim los ntsuam xyuas lub tshuab ntawm Tokarev thiab Simonov los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab nyiaj txiag feasibility.

Raws li qhov xaus ntawm pawg thawj coj, SVT tau lees paub tias yooj yim dua thiab raug nqi tsawg rau kev tsim khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg ntawm USSR, sib zog ua kom nrawm nrawm ntawm cov tub rog, tsis thim rov qab los ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim cov phom loj Tokarev. Qhov no yog li cas Simonov tsis siv neeg rab phom xaus nws keeb kwm, kev tshuaj xyuas tub rog uas tau los ua qhov kev sib tham ntawm peb.

Kev tsim khoom ntawm Tokarev tau tsim tawm tsawg dua rau lub hlis, thiab txij lub Kaum Hli 1, 1939, tag nrho cov khoom tau pib. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cov nroj tsuag Tula tau koom nrog, uas nyob rau hauv no hais txog nres zus tau tej cov phom Mosin. Xyoo 1940, cov qauv steelkuj tsim tawm ntawm Izhevsk Arms Cog, uas yav tas los tsim ABC-36.

Kev ua haujlwm

AVS-36 (Simonov tsis siv neeg phom loj ntawm 1936 qauv) tag nrho tsis ntseeg txaus rau kev siv ntau hauv tub rog. Cov qauv tsim thiab ntau ntau ntawm cov khoom sib xws ua rau nws kim heev rau kev tsim khoom raws sijhawm thiab cov peev txheej. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tso tawm yuav luag txhua theem xav tau cov neeg ua haujlwm tsim nyog.

Tus tsim ntawm rab phom ua kom nws tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke yam tsis muaj qhov thaiv thaiv. Ntxiv mus, nws tseem muaj peev xwm tua tau los ntawm cov riam phom zoo li no. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm xws li ib tug txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv, lub receiver vau, thiab cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj pab pawg neeg ya rov qab, txoj cai rau hauv lub shooter. Tus thawj wedge xauv kuj ua tsis tiav. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev muaj sia nyob ntawm lub tshuab ua haujlwm feem ntau ua tsis tiav.

Nrog tag nrho cov no, Simonov tsis siv neeg phom, keeb kwm ntawm peb tshuaj xyuas, tau nco qab tias yog thawj riam phom ntawm nws hom, tau txais kev ua tub rog loj thiab sim hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Nws kuj tau los ua thawj hom riam phom nyob rau hauv lub USSR, tsim los ntawm purely domestic engineers, mastered thiab muab tso rau hauv loj ntau lawm. Rau nws lub sijhawm, ABC-36 yog rab phom loj heev.

Nws yog qhov nthuav kom nco ntsoov tias nyob rau hauv cov tub rog Finnish, cov phom Simonov raug ntes tau nyiam los ntawm Tokarev SVT phom, uas tau suav tias muaj kev ntseeg siab dua.

Sniper version

Simonov tsim phom tsis siv neeg
Simonov tsim phom tsis siv neeg

Hauv xyoo 1936, ib qho me me ntawm ABC sniper phom loj tau tsim. Txij li thaum cov cartridges siv tau muab pov tseg thiab rau pem hauv ntej, cov neeg tsim qauv txiav txim siab kho qhov muag pom qhov muag rau sab laug ntawm lub thoob axis. Lub optics muaj ib daim phiaj aiming nrog ob kab rov tav thiab ib txoj kab ntsug. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm tawm yog 7.6 hli; nws yog 85 hli ntawm lub lens huab ntawm lub qhov muag. Lub peev xwm quadrupled tus naj npawb ntawm cov duab. Txwv tsis pub, cov sniper version tsis txawv ntawm ib txwm Simonov tsis siv neeg phom ntev, cov duab uas yuav raug lees paub los ntawm ntau tus neeg nyiam phom.

Pom zoo: