Qhov xav tau los tsim lub xeev hauv cheeb tsam fais fab nroj tsuag (GRES luv luv) tau tshwm sim ntev dhau los. Ib feem loj ntawm thaj chaw nyob thiab chaw lag luam xav tau hluav taws xob txhua hnub. Nws yog GRES uas tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov kev xav tau no. Tab sis qee zaum muaj xwm txheej tshwm sim ntawm cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob. Muaj ntau qhov laj thawj, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb yog cov khoom siv hnav. Lub Reftinskaya GRES tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb, qhov xwm txheej uas ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau.
About lub Reftinskaya Fais Fab Chaw
Reftinsk State District Power Plant yog qhov loj tshaj plaws thermal fais fab nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv tag nrho Lavxias teb sab Federation. Nws nyob hauv cheeb tsam Sverdlovsk, 2.5 km ntawm lub zos Reftinsky.
Lub peev xwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog 3800 MW. Hom roj tseem ceeb yog Ekibastuz hard thee nrog tus nqi calorific ntawm 16.3 MJ / kg. Raws liroj roj nyiam roj.
GRES tau tsim los muab hluav taws xob rau cov chaw lag luam ntawm Sverdlovsk, Tyumen, Perm thiab Chelyabinsk cheeb tsam. Kev tsim kho hluav taws xob pib xyoo 1963, thawj lub zog hluav taws xob tau tsim tawm xyoo 1970, thiab qhov kawg hauv xyoo 1980.
History of the power plant
Rov qab rau xyoo 1963, cov neeg tsim khoom yav tom ntej ntawm Reftinskaya xeev lub zog cog qoob loo tau tsaws ze ntawm lub nroog Asbest. Lawv tau raug tsav mus rau hauv lub hav zoov zoo li no los ntawm kev xav nrhiav qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim kho lub zog. Thiab lawv tau txais yam lawv xav tau: nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, thawj peg raug tsav mus rau hauv av, kos npe rau thaum pib ntawm kev tsim kho.
Pawg Sverdlovsk Regional Committee tau mob siab rau ua raws li kev tsim hluav taws xob cog. Kev paub hauv ntiaj teb, cov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd - txhua yam ua tau tau nqis peev hauv kev tsim lub tsev nws tus kheej. Lub Peb Hlis 1967 tau cim los ntawm kev tso thawj lub cubic meter ntawm pob zeb hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub tuam txhab hluav taws xob yav tom ntej.
Los ntawm 1970 txog 1980, ib qho tom qab, tom qab kuaj xyuas kom meej, lub zog hluav taws xob tau pib. Nws yog thaum ntawd nws tau pom meej rau tag nrho lub tebchaws tias lub xeev cov tuam txhab hluav taws xob hauv cheeb tsam no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, vim tias nws lub peev xwm tau nce mus txog qhov siab ntawm 3800 MW. Nrog rau cov ntsuas no, cov nroj tsuag hluav taws xob txaus siab rau cov kev xav tau ntawm tag nrho cheeb tsam Ural.
khoom siv ntawm Reftinskaya GRES
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob nyiam cov hauv qab nosystems:
- Fuel supply. Nws yog nqa tawm los ntawm kev xa cov thee los ntawm kev tsheb nqaj hlau. Roj yog nkag mus rau qhov chaw nres tsheb nws tus kheej siv lub bulldozer. Cov thawv cais tau muab faib rau kev khaws cia cov roj ncaj qha ntawm lub tsev khaws khoom ntawm Lub Xeev Lub Tuam Txhab Hluav Taws Xob.
- khoom siv dej. Nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob muaj lub pas dej uas tsim los kom txias cov tshuab. Tsis tas li ntawd, siv cov dej tob tob.
- Kev tshem tawm dej. tshauv thiab slag raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov kav dej tshwj xeeb rau cov chaw pov tseg.
- Kev kho dej. Rau lub hom phiaj no, qhov chaw nres tsheb muaj ib tsob nroj desalination.
- Control thiab tswj qhov system. Nws yog nqa tawm ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov laug cam nrog cov khoom siv rau kev tswj xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv. Muaj ib daim thaiv npog rau txhua ob blocks.
- Gas tu system. Txhawm rau kom ua tiav cov pa purity, electrostatic precipitators yog siv, cov npe uas muaj rau pej xeem.
Cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub tuam txhab hluav taws xob nco txog dab tsi xyoo 2006?
Hnub ua ntej xyoo 2007, tsis muaj leej twg tuaj yeem pom tau tias Reftinskaya GRES (qhov xwm txheej ua rau txhua tus neeg xav tsis thoob) yuav poob sai sai. Nws yog lub Kaum Ob Hlis kawg, qhov chaw ua ntej Xyoo Tshiab twb nyob hauv huab cua, thiab tam sim ntawd muaj xwm txheej ceev. Ua ntej, lub kaum tsev fais fab tuag, ib qho ntxiv, muaj hluav taws kub, lub ru tsev pib tawg. Lub xya thiab yim blocks ua raws. Thiab chav tsev cua cua feem ntau tau kho.
Tau kawg, cov xwm txheej no txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab fais fab. Thiab tag nrho Sverdlovsk lub zog hluav taws xob tau dhau los ua qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm qhov tsis ntseeg.
poCov txiaj ntsig tau los ntawm pawg thawj coj saib xyuas tau txiav txim siab qhov kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob, thiab nws muaj ntau dua 237 lab rubles. Tab sis tseem tsis tau muaj leej twg xav tias qhov kev huam yuaj ntawm Reftinskaya GRES xyoo 2006 nyob deb ntawm ib qho thiab tsis yog qhov kawg.
Lub Yim Hli 2016: Nws nqa dab tsi?
Tus txiv neej tau siv txhua yam. Ntawd yog, txawm tias thaum lub zog hluav taws xob tau muab tua tam sim ntawd hauv cov chaw nyob ze tshaj plaws ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb, tib neeg tau hnov mob ntau dua li ntshai: "Lwm qhov xwm txheej ntawm Reftinskaya GRES - lub taub hau yuav dov …". Cov kab ke ntawm Tyumen thiab Sverdlovsk cheeb tsam tuaj yeem muab tau zoo rau lawv thaj chaw ntawm lawv tus kheej, uas lawv tau ua los ntawm kev tsuas yog cuam tshuam los ntawm lub zog tseem ceeb.
Nrog ntau lub zog tsim tawm, nws tsis xav tias muaj qhov seem. Tib neeg yuav tsis pom qhov xwm txheej kub ntxhov. Yog vim li ntawd tsuas yog ib tug neeg tsis paub qab hau xwb thiaj li xav tsis thoob rau qhov uas tau tshwm sim, hais ib yam dab tsi zoo li: “Xav ntshai! Reftinskaya GRES, qhov kev huam yuaj yog qhov tsis muaj tseeb, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua tau!.
Vim qhov ceev ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv qhov system, txhua yam tau ua tsis taus. Qhov no xyaum tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuab fais fab. Tsis muaj neeg raug tsim txom.
qhov xwm txheej cuam tshuam li cas rau kev npaj kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov tub rog hauv zos?
Raws li cov peev txheej txhim khu kev qha, txawm tias qhov xwm txheej ntawm Reftinskaya GRES thaum Lub Yim Hli 22, 2016 tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tub rog. Cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tau tshwm sim, tab sis thawj lub cim ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam los ntawmntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tseem ceeb, txhua yam khoom ntawm Ministry of Defense ntawm Lavxias Federation tau txuas nrog cov chaw sawv cev ntawm tus kheej.
Qhov xwm txheej no tsis yog qhov teeb meem daws tsis tau. Txawm hais tias muaj kev cuam tshuam (uas, los ntawm txoj kev, kuj tau tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw ntawm Republic of Altai, Khakassia, Buryatia, thiab lwm yam), kev npaj kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov tub rog tseem tsis hloov pauv.
Lub tuam txhab twg tseem cuam tshuam?
Sibur tseem raug kev puas tsuaj. Lub tuam txhab Tomskneftekhim, uas yog ib feem ntawm nws, raug yuam kom ncua kev tsim khoom; Yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog qhov sib txawv zaus thaum lub sij hawm sib tsoo ntawm Reftinskaya GRES. Hauv lwm lo lus, muaj qhov poob qis. Ua tsaug rau cov lus teb tam sim ntawm cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv, txhua yam khoom siv tau raug kaw ib ntus thiab yog li ntawd tseem nyob tsis tau.
Txawm tias muaj xwm txheej kub ntxhov, cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Tomskneftekhim tsis poob taub hau thiab tsis pib ntshai. Tam sim ntawd, ib daim tshev tau ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau ib puag ncig thiab tib neeg. Cov kev hem thawj no tsis tuaj, thiab tom qab lub sijhawm luv luv lub tuam txhab rov pib tsim khoom.
Pib rov qab
Thaum qhov system tsis ua haujlwm tshwm sim, Reftinskaya GRES tam sim ntawd pib sim rov pib xa hluav taws xob rau cov neeg siv khoom hauv tsev. Lukoil cov lag luam nyob hauv Urals; "Tomskneftekhim"; ntau yam khoom hauv cheeb tsam Omsk thiab Kemerovo - tag nrho cov ntawm lawv tau tso tseg yam tsis muaj lub hwj chim. Tsuas yog ob peb teev tom qab, nws tuaj yeem tsim hluav taws xob rau txhua tus neeg siv khoom.
Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum txog yim teev tsaus ntuj ntawm Reftinskaya GRES, kev ua haujlwm tau pib pib ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob thiab kev hloov kho ntawm cov tshuab. Ntawd yog, txij li lub sijhawm ntawm kev sib tsoo mus rau yuav luag tiav, tsuas yog ob peb teev dhau los. Koj tuaj yeem qhuas txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab fais fab!
Leej twg yuav tsis muaj zaub mov?
Raws li Ministry of Energy ntawm Lavxias Federation, qee cov kab hluav taws xob tau hloov pauv. Ntawm lawv yog "Tyumen-Nelym", "Krotovo-Tatarka" thiab lwm yam. Ntxiv mus, kab thib ob los ntawm cov npe tau rov pib ua tiav tsis tiav.
Muaj ntau yam khoom siv tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm thaj chaw Siberia. Piv txwv li, tib cov tub rog units. Tso lawv thiab tsim khoom yam tsis muaj hluav taws xob txhais tau tias ua rau lub teb chaws muaj kev hem thawj ob qho tib si ntawm kev tsim cov khoom tsim nyog thiab hais txog kev muaj peev xwm sib ntaus sib tua.
Vim vim qhov luv luv uas tshwm sim, cov hluav taws xob sib txuas (kev sib tsoo, Reftinskaya GRES tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv nws) tuaj yeem tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm. Txawm hais tias feem ntau ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob siab tau rov qab los, muaj qee qhov ua tsis tiav.
Puas muaj kev pheej hmoo rov ua hluav taws xob?
Undoubtedly, lo lus nug no yog txaus siab rau ntau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg ua hauj lwm ntawm lub xeev cheeb tsam fais fab nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam Sverdlovsk. Tab sis thaum soj ntsuam cov hluav taws kub thiab lub ru tsev vau, qhov kev txiav txim hauv qab no tuaj yeem kos tau: qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib tsoo rov qab yog siab heev. Cov khoom siv ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb tsis tau hloov mus ntev. Yog lawm, nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm cov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev loj hlob, tab sis txij thaum ntawd los ntau tau mus hloovtechnologies ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem dhau los niaj hnub. Nws tsis yog hais txog cov tswv yim ntawm cov cuab yeej tshiab. Yog tias cov peev nyiaj tsis tso cai rau kev kuaj mob raws sij hawm thiab kho cov tshuab thiab kev teeb tsa, nrog rau kev hloov ntawm tib txoj hlua, yog li ntawd, kev tsim khoom yuav poob qis.
Yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account tias cov chav fais fab twb 30-40 xyoo lawm. Lawv tsis tau hloov lossis hloov dua tshiab. Nws yog cov xwm txheej no uas tuaj yeem yooj yim ua pov thawj qhov xav tau los tswj kev ruaj ntseg hauv kev txiav txim siab. Ntawd yog, yog tias tsis yog kev hloov kho tshiab, tsawg kawg yog qhov kev teb ceev ceev rau qhov xwm txheej ceev. Tom qab tag nrho, txawm tias tom ntej no lub ru tsev vau, tseem yuav muaj ob peb lub hwj chim units uas nws yuav muaj peev xwm tsim tau hluav taws xob.
Reftinskaya GRES, qhov xwm txheej tshwm sim hauv 2016, tseem tsis tau zoo los ntawm qhov xwm txheej kawg hauv xyoo 2006. Tom qab ntawd qhov kev tshwm sim tau hnyav dua. Yog, thiab kim dua - yuav luag ob txhiab rubles raug nqi kho dua tshiab ntawm chaw nres tsheb.
Cov hluav taws tom ntej no tuaj yeem tua hluav taws xob tau ntev, lossis mus ib txhis.
Yog tias peb xav txog tias cov nroj tsuag hluav taws xob no, txawm tias nyob hauv lub xeev no, tseem tuaj yeem muab ntau tshaj li ob peb thaj chaw, nws yuav pom tseeb tias kev nqis peev hauv kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm cov nroj tsuag no puas tsim nyog. Txhua yam ua tau yuav tsum tau ua kom lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub koom haum no yog cov kab lus: "Reftinskaya GRES - kev sib tsoo tsis suav nrog!". Tom qab tag nrho, yog tias tsis muaj kev siv hluav taws xob, ces yuav muaj qhov tsis ua tiav thoob plaws hauv lub tebchaws: hauv kev tsim khoom, hauv kev tshawb fawb, thiab lwm qhov chaw.
