Txog rau nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, cov tub rog Asmeskas tau siv M1 Garand tus kheej-loading phom. Txawm tias tag nrho nws qhov zoo, kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob tau pom tias tus qauv no yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo dua qub. Cov tub rog Asmeskas xav tau cov riam phom zoo sib xws tab sis niaj hnub ntau dua. Thaum kawg ntawm 50s, M14 phom tau tsim, uas tau kaum xyoo tau ua haujlwm nrog ntau pab tub rog hauv ntiaj teb.
Nyob teb chaws Meskas, rab phom no raug suav hais tias yog riam phom tseem ceeb mus txog thaum lub ntsej muag ntawm M16.
Pib ntawm kev tsim
M1 Garand hauv kev pabcuam nrog Asmeskas Tub Rog muaj qhov tsis zoo:
- Cov phom loj tau ntim rau hauv cov khoom ntawm yim puag ncig, tsis muaj txoj hauv kev rov rub tawm ib nrab ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm.
- Tom qab siv cov mos txwv, lub pob tau muab pov tawm ntawm riam phom, ua suab nrov. Feem ntau qhov no yog ceeb toom rau cov yeeb ncuab tias M1 tau tag nrho cov mos txwv.
- Txo qhov raug thaum tua. Yog vim li cas rau qhov tsis txaus no tau suav tias yog qhov muaj lub cav ntev thiab roj nrog cov khoom txav.
Tsim ib rab phom tshiab, cov neeg tua phom Asmeskas tau coj mus rau hauv tus accountTxhua qhov tsis zoo ntawm M1 Garand:
- Cov phom M14 muaj lub tshuab hluav taws xob hloov pauv: nws hloov lub piston stroke ntev nrog luv luv (37 hli).
- Ib daim cartridge tau tsim los khaws cov yam ntxwv ballistic uas muaj nyob hauv caliber 7, 62x63 mm. Cov cartridge tshiab ntawm caliber 7, 62x51 tau txais los ntawm US Army xyoo 1952, thiab txij li xyoo 1954 nws tau raug suav hais tias yog tus qauv NATO cartridge.
Raws li kev tsim ua haujlwm, tus tsim American M14 rab phom tsis siv neeg lub sijhawm ntawd yog riam phom zoo nkauj, nrog rau qhov tseeb thiab ua rau tuag taus.
Production
Nyob rau xyoo 1961, 144 lab nyiaj tau muab faib los ntawm lub txhab nyiaj ntawm Tebchaws Meskas rau kev tsim cov riam phom tshiab 1.4 lab units. Kev tsim khoom ntawm cov qauv no tau coj los ntawm Springfield Armory. Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1961, vim qhov kev ncua tsis tau pom dua, tsuas yog ib qho kev faib ua tub rog nrog rab phom tshiab. Xyoo 1962, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev qhia M14 rau hauv Asmeskas tub rog tau ua tiav. Rau txhua tus neeg them se Asmeskas, ib chav ntawm cov riam phom no raug nqi $ 102.
Kev siv phom phom nyob Nyab Laj
Kev cai raus dej ntawm hluav taws ntawm American M14 phom tau tshwm sim thaum Tsov Rog Nyab Laj. Cov kev paub ntawm kev ua tub rog ua tub rog ntawm Asmeskas tub rog tau pom tias M14 phom yog siv tsawg rau nws siv hauv hav zoov. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, qhov tsis yooj yim yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv riam phom ntev heev. Qhov thib ob drawback yog qhov hnyav hnyav ntawm cov cartridges siv. Raws li cov neeg koom nrog hauv kev ua siab phem nco qab, nws tsis yooj yim siv M14 hauv hav zoov: tua hluav tawsnplooj tau ntxhov siab heev hauv tawg. Yog li ntawd, US Army thawj coj txiav txim siab muab phom rau cov tub rog yam tsis muaj tus txhais lus tua hluav taws. Yog tias tsim nyog, nws tuaj yeem raug ntsia rov qab rau ntawm M14. Cov khoom ntoo swelled nyob rau hauv ib qho kev nyab xeeb huab cua, uas cuam tshuam rau qhov tseeb ntawm kev tua. Sij hawm dhau mus, ntoo tau hloov nrog fiberglass hauv kev tsim cov phom no.
Tactical thiab technical yam ntxwv
- Qhov hnyav ntawm riam phom yog 5.1 kg.
- Qhov ntev ntawm rab phom M14 yog 112 cm.
- Lub thoob ntev yog 559 mm.
- Rate of fire - 750 rounds/1 min.
- Caliber -7, 62mm.
- Muzzle tshaj tawm yog 850 m/sec.
- Sighting range 500 m.
Tsim cov roj automation
M14 phom yog ib qho qauv siv los ntawm lub cav tsis siv neeg roj. Hmoov gases raug tshem tawm ntawm lub bore los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb raj, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub thoob. Cov pa roj piston, tsis zoo li cov analogue M1 Garand, muaj cov hlab ntsha luv luv. Lub piston yog nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib khob, nyob rau hauv uas ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov rau hmoov gases yog muab. Tsis siv neeg kaw cov pa roj yog ua tom qab lub piston txav rov qab. Txiav tawm cov roj ntau dhau softens kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov phom tsis siv neeg. Lub piston tsis muaj lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav rov qab. Nws cuam tshuam nrog lub underbarrel bolt carrier, uas yog kev cob cog rua rau lub teb bolt nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug ntev lever. M14 phom (daim duab hauv qab no) yog nruab nrog ob lub lugs, uas nkag mus rau hauv grooves ntawmreceiver, xauv lub receiver channel. Tus tsim ntawm lub shutter nyob rau hauv M14 yog zoo ib yam li tus tsim nyob rau hauv lub M1 Garand, nyob rau hauv uas lub xauv yog tseem nqa tawm los ntawm ob lugs. Qhov txawv yog tias M14 phom muaj ib tug menyuam es tsis txhob lub lug rau lub bolt. Qhov no txo qhov hnav thiab tsim kua muag ntawm nws lub cev.
Sab nrauv tsim
Rau aiming hauv kev tsim ntawm M14 phom, ib qho kev kho diopter rear pom yog siv. Nws yog ntsia tau rau hauv lub muzzle (muzzle ntawm lub chim) thiab nyob rau hauv lub rear ntawm lub receiver. Cov khoom muaj ib rab yaj phom tuav ib nrab thiab ib lub hlau sab saum toj txuas rau ntawm lub thoob rau txuas cov nplaim taws thiab lub bayonet. Lub txaj yog ua los ntawm ntoo.
Tsim
Raws li hauv M1 Garand, hauv M14 phom-hom phom. Qhov sib txawv yog tias nyob rau hauv qhov kev hloov kho tshiab muaj ib lub tshuab uas tso cai rau kev tua hluav taws tawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, M14 tau nruab nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb hom txhais lus. Nws yog nyob rau sab xis ntawm lub receiver saum toj no tus txhais. Koj tuaj yeem nres lub shutter nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm qhib tom qab siv tag nrho cov mos txwv los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm uas siv lub shutter ncua. Nws nyob ntawm lub receiver sab laug.
Khoom noj khoom haus
Lub phom M14 yog nruab nrog cov ntawv xov xwm detachable, nyob rau hauv uas cov cartridges tau teem rau hauv ob kab. Cov khw no tuaj yeem nruab yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm rab phom. Rau lub hom phiaj no, riam phom designers muab cov qauv clips tsim rau tsib rounds. Xws li cov cuab yeej txuas nrog rau riam phom siv cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb.cov khoom siv uas nyob rau saum lub receiver.
Kev hloov kho
M14 yog rab phom los ntawm ntau yam qauv txhim kho tau tsim:
- M14A1. Qhov kev hloov kho no tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1963. Ua raws li qhov kev thov ntawm cov tub rog, leej twg xav siv rab phom M14 paub zoo li rab phom tshuab lub teeb, cov tsim riam phom tau sib sau ua ke M14A1 qauv. Qhov kev hloov kho tshiab yog ib yam khoom uas muaj rab yaj phom ntxiv. Ntxiv rau nws, M14A1 phom loj muaj ib lub bipod, folding pem hauv ntej kov thiab tshem tau muzzle nres-compensator.
- Xyoo 1963, lwm rab phom tau tsim - M14M. Cov riam phom no yog kev lag luam. Tus tsim ntawm lub kaw lus tso cai rau txhaj tshuaj nkaus xwb.
- M1A. Cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm cov riam phom no yog Springfield Armory. Cov khoom lag luam, cov khoom lag luam thiab cov khoom siv ntawm rab phom no yog ua los ntawm cov ntoo.
- M21 1960 tso tawm. Nov yog M14 sniper phom loj.
- M25 (Sniper riam phom System) 1990. Nov yog lwm tus qauv sniper raws li M 14. Siv los ntawm M 25 tshwj xeeb rog ntawm Tebchaws Meskas.
- Nyob rau xyoo 2004, M1A Socom 16 riam phom tau tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv cov qauv no, lub thoob tau luv luv mus rau 16 ntiv tes thiab cov pa roj tau hloov pauv.
- Hauv xyoo 2005, M1A Socom II phom loj tau tsim. Cov riam phom no yog qhov hloov kho ntawm M1A Socom 16 riam phom (lub hom phiaj tau hloov lawm).
- M39 Txhim Kho Marksman Rifle. Cov riam phom tau tsim nyob rau hauv 2008. Siv los ntawm USMC.
raws liAmerican M14 riam phom designers ntawm lwm lub teb chaws tsim lawv tus kheej qauv. Tuam Tshoj tsim Norinco M14S, uas yog tus kheej-loading M14. Nyob rau hauv Estonia, nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug American assault phom, lub Tapsuspuss M14-TP sniper qauv tshwm. Nws tau pom nws txoj hauv kev mus rau Estonian Tub Rog.
Counter Strike 1.6
Hnub no, kev saib xyuas ntawm cov neeg paub txog gamers, cov neeg nyiam tua phom, thiab cov neeg siv zoo tib yam ntawm ntau lub hnub nyoog tau muab ntau yam kev ua si sib txawv. Ib qho kev ua si hauv computer nrov tshaj plaws hauv e-kev ua si yog Counter Strike ("K. S."). Kev ntsuas cov neeg siv khoom tau pom tias Counter Strike 1.6 yog qhov xav tau tshwj xeeb vim muaj kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis (zoo zoo nkauj, lub suab muaj tseeb tiag thiab cov lus tsis zoo). Ntawm cov kev xaiv loj ntawm riam phom sniper, tus neeg ua si tau muab nrog WUA qauv hauv KS 1.6 series. Ib qho kev hloov kho zoo sib xws tau tsim rau M14 phom nyob rau hauv Counter Strike - tus qauv M4A1. Cov phom ntev no tshaj li cov lus dab neeg AK-47 hauv nws cov tswv yim thiab cov yam ntxwv. M4A1 yog nruab nrog lub cuab yeej rau kev tua ntsiag to. Piv rau AK-47, M14 analogue yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov mos txwv tsawg dua. Qhov no ua rau muaj feem cuam tshuam txawm tias tus yeeb ncuab lub taub hau.
Airsoft variant
Rau cov neeg uas xav yuav riam phom lom zem, ASGSocom's M14 Airsoft Rifle yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj. Cov phom no yog ib qho kev tawm tsam ntawm Asmeskas tsis siv neeg M14, nto moo txij li Tsov Rog Nyab Laj. Cov qauv airsoft yog nruab nrog lub thoob luv luv thiabweaver rails, tsim nyog rau fastening ntau yam accessories: tactical flashlight, optical los yog liab dot pom.
yam ntxwv ntawm Socom M14 qauv
- rab phom yog nruab nrog lub tshuab raj tshuab raj.
- Magazine muaj peev xwm - 40 pob.
- Qhov ntev ntawm riam phom yog 1127 mm.
- phom hnyav - 3090g
- Lub pob nrawm ncav cuag 115 m/sec.
- Tus qauv no muaj qhov kho tau qhov Hop-Up.
tshuab variant ntawm Asmeskas phom phom
M160-A2 pneumatic riam phom tau tsim los ntawm M14. Hauv kev tsim cov qauv, cov hlau thiab tawv tawv yog siv. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov riam phom no tau ua kom nws qhov kev xav tau zoo ntawm cov neeg siv khoom:
- rab phom muaj 6 hli mos txwv.
- Tus qauv yog nruab nrog Hop-Up system.
- Tus nqi hluav taws xob ntawm M160-A2 yog 85 m / sec.
- riam phom muaj txiaj ntsig tsis pub tshaj 50 m.
- Nyob zoo aiming yog guaranteed los ntawm adjustable rear pom.
- Hauv kev tsim, cov neeg tsim khoom muab lub zog tshwj xeeb - lub fuse uas tiv thaiv tus tswv ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tsis tau npaj txhij. Lub lever yog nyob rau ntawm lub trigger guard. Tus tswv yuav tsum nias nws.
- riam phom muag hauv ib lub thawv, qhov ntev yog 105x23x8 cm.
- Los ntawm kev yuav cov phom cua no, tus neeg yuav khoom kuj dhau los ua tus tswv ntawm lub pluaj yas, pom liab dot, lub teeb nyem, tsom iav, Phillips ntswj ntsia hlau, siv thiab ntau yamattachments rau nws. Cov riam phom cua tuaj nrog lub loader thiab ib pob ntawm cov mos txwv, uas muaj tsawg kawg yog 90 daim.
Air phom M14 (M-160 A2) muaj rau kev yuav los ntawm cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 16 xyoo.
Daim ntawv thov
M14 rab phom tsis siv neeg yog niaj hnub no yog riam phom siv rau hauv kev ua koob tsheej los ntawm Marine Corps, National Guard thiab units ntawm US Navy. M14, uas tau ua haujlwm nrog Asmeskas Tub Rog rau ntau tshaj ib nrab xyoo pua, suav tias yog siv riam phom me me tshaj plaws.
Txij xyoo 1970 txog 1980, Tebchaws Meskas, muab kev pabcuam pub dawb, muab cov phom ntev no rau Turkey, Philippines, Taiwan thiab Kaus Lim Qab Teb. Xyoo 2003, tsoomfwv Meskas tau txiav txim siab muag 300 txhiab units ntawm cov qauv no los ntawm cov tub rog warehouses.
Lub phom M14 (duab hauv qab) yog nruab nrog cov mos txwv muaj zog thiab yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tseeb thaum tua ib zaug. Qhov no tau muab lub hauv paus rau cov neeg tsim qauv tsim cov cuab yeej zoo sniper raws li M14. Niaj hnub no, cov koom haum tshwj xeeb hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab kaum ob lub xeev siv M14 sniper phom loj.
rab phom M14 yuav luag tsis tau siv hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Cov tub rog Asmeskas cov tub rog siv M39 Enhanced Marksman Rifle, tsim los ntawm M14, uas tau tswj xyuas qhov ua tau zoo hauv Haiti, Israel,Argentina, Kauslim Teb thiab Tuam Tshoj.
