Mexico: minerals thiab nyem. Vim li cas Mexico thiaj nplua nuj nyob hauv cov zaub mov?

Cov txheej txheem:

Mexico: minerals thiab nyem. Vim li cas Mexico thiaj nplua nuj nyob hauv cov zaub mov?
Mexico: minerals thiab nyem. Vim li cas Mexico thiaj nplua nuj nyob hauv cov zaub mov?

Video: Mexico: minerals thiab nyem. Vim li cas Mexico thiaj nplua nuj nyob hauv cov zaub mov?

Video: Mexico: minerals thiab nyem. Vim li cas Mexico thiaj nplua nuj nyob hauv cov zaub mov?
Video: Yuav txiv twm koj neej thiaj tsis kawg. 10/11/2017 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Mexico nyob rau qib thib rau hauv ntiaj teb hais txog thaj chaw, nrog cov roob siab, kev nyuaj siab tob thiab cov tiaj. Tab sis nws yog qhov zoo kawg nkaus tsis yog rau qhov no xwb. Lub teb chaws zoo kawg nkaus hu ua lub txaj ntawm kev vam meej: nyob rau lub sijhawm uas Tebchaws Europe tseem nyob deb ntawm ntau qhov kev tshawb pom, Maya Indians twb tau siv lawv txoj kev paub hauv astronomy, lej, alchemy thiab lwm yam kev tshawb fawb. Txog rau tam sim no, ntau qhov tsis meej ntawm pawg neeg txawj ntse thiab txawj ntse no tseem tsis tau daws.

mexico minerals
mexico minerals

Cov neeg Khab paub txog cov nplua nuj subsoil ntawm lawv lub xeev, ces nws tseem tsis tau hu ua "Mexico", lawv mined minerals nyob rau hauv ib tug qhib txoj kev, ua rau lawv thiab siv nyob rau hauv lawv tsev neeg. Cov conquistadors conquering tau xav tsis thoob thaum muaj pes tsawg nyiaj thiab pob zeb muaj nuj nqis thiab cov khoom hlau uas cov neeg hauv zos muaj.

Mexico cov zaub mov muaj ntau haiv neeg. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias lub teb chaws muaj volcanoes (ob active thiab extinct). Thaum lub sij hawm outpouring, magma tau txais tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau saum npoo, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb, qhov twg ntau yam txheej txheem tshwm sim thiab intrusive pob zeb yog tsim.pob zeb.

Geological qauv

Vim li cas Mexico thiaj nplua nuj nyob hauv cov zaub mov, nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab luv luv, vim tias lub tebchaws muaj ntau cov qauv geological sib txawv uas cuam tshuam rau kev tsim pob zeb.

thaj chaw ntawm Mexico yog nyob rau ntawm cov geological loj xws li:

  1. Folded aav ntawm sab hnub tuaj, sab hnub poob - Sierra Madre.
  2. Paleozoic folding ntawm sab qab teb Sierra Madre.
  3. Block ntawm Baja California Peninsula.
  4. Sonoran block.
  5. Mexican Trough.
  6. Yucatan Phaj.

Cov cheeb tsam sab hnub tuaj thiab sab hnub poob ntawm Sierra Madre

Cov no yog cov txheej txheem loj tshaj plaws ntawm Mexico. Thaj tsam sab hnub tuaj ntawm Sierra Madre nyob ntawm sab qaum teb latitude ntawm 19 ° thiab 20 °. Nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub folding muaj cov qauv ntawm Trans-Mexican volcanic siv, qhov twg muaj ntau active volcanoes. Lawv tau tsim los ntawm Neogene-Quaternary volcanics. Hauv cheeb tsam no, Mesozoic-Early Cenozoic folding tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv, uas overlie crystalline schists thiab Precambrian gneisses. Tsis-metamorphosed Paleozoic sedimentary deposits yog sawv cev los ntawm carbonate pob zeb ntawm lub Lower thiab Middle Paleozoic. Triassic thiab Jurassic ntau xim sandstones, evaporites, av nkos, av nplaum thiab limestone daim ntawv Mesozoic complexes.

minerals ntawm Mexico
minerals ntawm Mexico

thaj tsam sab hnub poob ntawm Sierra Madre nthuav tawm ntawm ciam teb sab qaum teb ntawm Mexico mus rau txoj siv hluav taws xob. Qhov folding no yog tsim los ntawm volcanicCretaceous lig, Cenozoic pob zeb, uas suav nrog bas alts thiab andesites. Deposits ntawm tooj liab, nyiaj thiab lead-zinc ores tuaj yeem sau hnub tim rau lub pob zeb hluav taws kub ntawm lub sijhawm Cretaceous.

Paleozoic folding ntawm sab qab teb Sierra Madre

Cov qauv quav no nyob hauv Trans-Mexican quav txoj siv thiab lub txee rau ntawm Dej Hiav Txwv Pacific. Thaum Ntxov Paleozoic intrusive thiab metamorphic pob zeb yog qhov txawv ntawm no, nrog rau Early Jurassic continental sedimentary strata, Jurassic marine deposits.

Baja California Peninsula Block

Nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm lub block muaj pob zeb ntawm Mesozoic hnub nyoog, thiab feem ntau ntawm lawv tau nyob los ntawm granitoid batholiths. Ib txheej ntawm volcanic volcanic thiab marine sediments hla dhau cov formations. Lub Gulf of California Rift yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem fold-thiab-thrust.

Sonora Block

Lub thaiv yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm Gulf of California thiab sab hnub poob ntawm Sierra Madre. Nws yog tsim los ntawm granitoids thiab metamorphic pob zeb ntawm Precambrian keeb kwm, nrog rau Ordovician-Carboniferous carbonate pob zeb.

vim li cas Mexico thiaj nplua nuj nyob rau hauv minerals
vim li cas Mexico thiaj nplua nuj nyob rau hauv minerals

Lub Sonoran thaiv yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tseeb tias Cretaceous stocks ntawm granites, hypabyssal pob zeb, qhov chaw deposits ntawm porphyry tooj liab ores nyob.

Mexican Trough

Tus Mexican Foredeep nyob pem hauv ntej ntawm Cordillera quav siv. Rau feem ntau cov pob zeb clastic ntawm Paleogene thiab Neogene pom. Cov vaj tsev tiaj tus nyob rau hauv reef limestones ntawm CretaceousCov khoom siv hydrocarbon khaws cia.

Yucatan Phaj

Ua tiav ntawm Neogene thiab Paleogene carbonates. Cov roj deposits yog txuam nrog Cretaceous rift deposits nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm lub phaj.

Txhob Cia Siab

Kev nyem thiab cov zaub mov ntawm Mexico nyob ntawm cov qauv geological. Lub nyem ntawm lub teb chaws yog heev complex: nws muaj roob, toj siab thiab tiaj. Feem ntau ntawm lub teb chaws yog nyob los ntawm highlands thiab inland plateaus. Nyob rau hauv lem, lub toj siab muab faib ua ob ntu: Mesa Central thiab Mesa North. Lub npe "mesa" los ntawm lus Mev "lub rooj".

Central Mesa yog puag ncig txhua sab los ntawm lub roob. Nws yuav luag tag nrog cov khoom volcanic, ntawm qhov tiaj tiaj no muaj ntau lub pas dej thaum ub. Central Mesa nce mus txog qhov siab ntawm 2600 meters mus rau sab qab teb.

Sab Hnub Poob Sierre Madre yog lub roob muaj zog uas txiav los ntawm cov hav dej tob. Lub Sierra nce siab thaum tsiv mus rau Gulf of California, tab sis mus rau sab hauv toj siab, qhov siab hloov maj mam. Xws li kev nce siab hloov pauv hauv kev nyem tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias ntau qhov ua txhaum cai tau pom ntawm no nrog lub hauv paus crystalline los rau saum npoo. Cov toj roob hauv pes yog cov pob zeb sedimentary.

California Peninsula yog thaj av nqaim thiab roob siab. Cov ridges ncav cuag 3000 meters saum toj no hiav txwv theem.

Sab Hnub Tuaj Sierra Madre yog ib pawg ntawm cov roob siab nrog qhov siab ntawm 1000 txog 3000 m. Sierra yog npog nrog txheej ntawm cov pob zeb sedimentary. Mus rau ntug dej hiav txwv lowland thaum tsiv mus rau sab hnub tuaj (mus rau Gulf of Mexico), roobxaus abruptly.

Nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Central Mesa los ntawm sab hnub tuaj mus rau sab hnub poob yog Transverse Volcanic Sierra - lub roob loj tshaj plaws thiab siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Ntawm no yog ib lub roob hluav taws loj tshaj plaws - Orizaba. Nws lub khob tsis tu ncua nce mus txog 3000 meters los ntawm lub hauv paus, thiab qhov siab yog 5700 m saum toj no hiav txwv theem, uas yog me ntsis siab dua lub roob hluav taws Elbrus.

landforms thiab minerals ntawm Mexico
landforms thiab minerals ntawm Mexico

Ntxiv mus, thaum tsiv mus rau sab qab teb, Transverse Volcanic Sierra xaus nrog kev nyuaj siab tob ntawm tectonic keeb kwm. Dhau ntawm tus dej Valsas yog Southern Sierra Madre. Nws stretches parallel mus rau lub hiav txwv Pacific. Tsis zoo li lwm lub roob roob, tsis muaj lub roob hluav taws kub ntawm no, nws yog tsim los ntawm cov pob zeb sedimentary.

Lub Isthmus ntawm Tehuantepec kuj qis, nws qhov siab tsuas yog hauv qee qhov chaw nce mus txog 650 m. Qab nws yog lub roob Chiapas. Lub roob complex no nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Mexico. Chiapas tau muab faib ua ob ntu: thaj chaw siab ntawm tib lub npe thiab Sierra Madre ntau yam.

Qhov chaw qis tshaj plaws hauv Mexico, Tabasco, nyob ze ntawm Gulf of Mexico thiab npog nrog cov dej hauv hiav txwv.

minerals ntawm Mexico nyob rau hauv luv luv
minerals ntawm Mexico nyob rau hauv luv luv

Los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas tag nrho cov qauv thiab topography kom meej, ib tus tuaj yeem teb cov lus nug ntawm vim li cas Mexico thiaj nplua nuj nyob hauv cov zaub mov. Nws feem ntau yog nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm lub xeev niaj hnub no ntau txhiab xyoo dhau los: phaj txav, volcanic eruptions, glacier txav, thiab lwm yam.

Yuav nplua nujMexico. Minerals

Koj tuaj yeem hais tias lub tebchaws muaj cov zaub mov yuav luag tag nrho. Vim li cas Mexico thiaj nplua nuj nyob hauv cov zaub mov? Qhov no yog vim muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm kev nyem. Muaj cov tseem ceeb ntawm cov minerals xws li hlau, mercury, kub, nyiaj, ores ntawm antimony, tooj liab, zinc, graphite, bismuth, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, roj thiab roj tau raug tsim nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws. Cov hauv qab no yuav piav qhia luv luv txog cov zaub mov tseem ceeb ntawm Mexico.

Roj thiab Roj

Kwv yees li 350 qhov chaw roj thiab txog 200 qhov chaw roj av tau tshawb nrhiav hauv thaj chaw ntawm lub xeev. Feem ntau ntawm cov reserves yog concentrated nyob rau hauv lub Gulf - lub Mexican roj thiab gas phiab.

Mexico nyem muaj cov ntxhia
Mexico nyem muaj cov ntxhia

Muaj ntau qhov tso nyiaj hauv thaj chaw, tab sis lawv txhua tus kuj me me, tsuas yog ob peb muaj roj cia ntawm ntau dua 100 lab tons, roj - ntau dua 100 billion m³. Hais txog kev khaws cia ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb no, Mexico tsuas yog thib ob rau Venezuela hauv Latin America.

Muaj tsib thaj chaw hauv Mev cov roj thiab roj hauv dej:

  • cheeb tsam North-Eastern. Nyob rau hauv lub trough ntawm Rio Bravo del Norte.
  • Tampico Tuspan. Yav dhau los, thaj chaw no yog qhov nplua nuj tshaj plaws hauv kev khaws cia. Lub cheeb tsam Poza Rica, nrog Upper Cretaceous reef limestones, sawv tawm tshwj xeeb.
  • Veracus.
  • South. Nyob ze ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Tabasco-Campeche. Tam sim no nws yog thawj zaug ntawm cov roj reserves.
  • Yugatan Yugatan

coking coals

Qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm kev rho tawm yog Sabinas phiab. Yuav luag tag nrho cov deposits loj yog nyob rau hauv depositsCretaceous.

Sulfur

Cov nyiaj tso cia yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev leej faj-cov kabmob ntawm Gulf of Mexico. Ib haiv neeg leej faj tau tsim vim muaj roj emissions los ntawm volcanoes nyob ze ntawm lub Isthmus ntawm Tehuantepec. Hais txog kev khaws cia ntawm cov ntxhia no, Mexico tuav ib qho ntawm thawj qhov chaw hauv ntiaj teb.

kub, nyiaj, polymetallic ores

Mexican minerals xws li kub, nyiaj thiab polymetallic ores yeej ib txwm ua ke. Lub skarn hlau siv stretches ntawm sab qaum teb hnub poob mus rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj. Nws pib nrog loj deposits ntawm tooj liab thiab nyiaj (Kananea cheeb tsam). Tom ntej no tuaj lub "nodes" ntawm deposits ntawm kub, nyiaj thiab polymetallic ore. Cov no yog cov deposits xws li El Potosí, Zacatecas.

Mercury

Cov khoom pov tseg ntawm cov hlau pom nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam ntawm cov volcanism niaj hnub no. Deposits: El Oro, Taxco, Mineral del Monto, Winzuco.

hlau ore

Hom pob zeb no feem ntau pom nrog antimony thiab titanium ores. Tsis muaj ntau qhov chaw nplua nuj nyob hauv cov zaub mov tsis txaus ntseeg, tab sis lawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub tebchaws kev lag luam. Deposits: Manzanillo, Durango.

Graphite

Nws yog mined tsuas yog hauv lub xeev Sonora. Nws tau tsim los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm granitoid intrusion ntawm thee seams.

fluorite

11% ntawm tag nrho cov peev txheej ntawm cov ntxhia no yog nyob hauv Mexico. Deposits: Saqualpan, La Barra, Guadalajara, Paila, Aguachile, San Marcos thiab lwm yam.

Cov zaub mov tseem ceeb ntawm Mexico tsis yog hom saum toj no xwb, tab sis kuj xws li gypsum, pob zeb ntsev, opal, strontium.

vim li cas Mexico thiaj nplua nuj nyob hauv cov zaub mov hauv luv luv
vim li cas Mexico thiaj nplua nuj nyob hauv cov zaub mov hauv luv luv

Vim li cas Mexico thiaj nplua nuj nyob hauv cov zaub mov? Cov lus teb luv luv suab zoo li no: vim muaj ntau yam geological qauv ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub teb chaws, qhov tshwm sim ntawm khaus volcanism. Yog li ntawd, yuav luag tag nrho cov zaub mov tuaj yeem pom ntawm no hauv ntau qhov sib txawv. Qee qhov ntawm cov ntxhia thiab pob zeb no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub tebchaws kev lag luam. Piv txwv li, nyiaj, sulfur, fluorite thiab roj.

cheeb tsam loj ntawm lub xeev xws li Mexico, topography, minerals, nplua nuj keeb kwm - tag nrho cov no ua rau lub teb chaws txawv thiab inimitable.

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