Nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no, ib tug neeg pheej txiav txim siab txhua lub sijhawm. Ua ntej txiav txim siab, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo ntsuas qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Hauv kev lag luam, kev txheeb xyuas qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb dua vim tias qhov kev vam meej ntawm lub tuam txhab muaj feem cuam tshuam. Tias yog vim li cas txawm nyob rau theem ntawm kev txhim kho koj txoj kev npaj ua lag luam, koj yuav tsum tau ua qhov kev soj ntsuam SWOT, uas yuav qhia qhov tseeb tshiab txog koj lub tuam txhab thiab nws cov peev xwm. Yog li cia peb mus!
SWOT tsom xam: nws yog dab tsi
Txoj kev tshuaj ntsuam no yog tsom rau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tseem ceeb ntawm qhov xwm txheej tam sim no txhawm rau txheeb xyuas lub tuam txhab lub zog thiab qhov tsis muaj zog, nrog rau kev hem rau nws los ntawm sab nraud thiab qhib lub sijhawm.
Cov ntawv luv SWOT sawv cev rau: S - Lub zog, W - Tsis muaj zog, O - Lub Sijhawm, T - Kev hem. Thawj ob lub ntsiab lus ntawm SWOT tsom xam txhais tau tias muaj zog thiab tsis muaj zog, raws li. Qhov thib peb yog lub tuam txhab txoj hauv kev, thiab qhov thib plaub yog qhov kev hem thawj.
Feem ntau, swot tsom xam yog nthuav tawm raws li square matrix lossis rooj uas muaj ob kab thiab ob kab.
Yuav ua li cas?
Swot-analysisyuav tsum tau ua yog:
- yuav tsum txheeb xyuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev lag luam yav tom ntej, khoom lag luam;
- yuav tsum tshuaj xyuas kev lag luam uas twb muaj lawm;
- cov txiaj ntsig kev nqis peev thiab kev pheej hmoo yuav tsum tau ntsuas;
- yuav tsum rov xav txog txoj cai thiab lub luag haujlwm ntawm lawv lub koom haum;
- yuav tsum nrhiav txoj hauv kev tawm thaum tus neeg sib tw loj tshwm sim.
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej no thiab lwm yam, kev tshuaj xyuas yuav pab txiav txim siab seb qhov kev sib tw ntawm lub tuam txhab lossis cov khoom lag luam yog li cas, qhov tsis muaj zog yuav tsum tau daws txhawm rau txhawm rau tshem tawm lawv, dab tsi txaus ntshai thiab yuav ua li cas los npog lawv nrog cov hauv kev tshiab.
Yuav ua li cas rau kev tsom xam
Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum muaj qhov ua ntej muaj kev paub zoo txog txhua yam ntaub ntawv hais txog lub tuam txhab (los ntawm lub npe mus rau kev muag khoom rau tus neeg siv khoom). SWOT tsom xam tsis nyiam vagueness thiab subjectivity.
Thib ob, tsis tas yuav tsum muaj kev tu siab rau koj tus kheej thiab koj lub tuam txhab ntawm kev thuam, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob hais qee yam uas tsis muaj. Txwv tsis pub, qhov tshwm sim yuav yog daim duab tsis raug. Yog tias tus thawj coj ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb tsis ntseeg nws txoj kev paub hauv ib cheeb tsam, ces kev koom tes ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm raug tso cai. Tom qab tag nrho, nws, zoo li tsis muaj leej twg, paub lub koom haum los ntawm sab hauv.
Thib peb, kev tshawb fawb yuav siv sijhawm qee lub sijhawm. Cov ntsiab lus sib txawv kiag li, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo dua tsis txhob maj thiab sau txhua quadrant ntawm matrix nrog kev xav, tiag tiag, nrog kev npaj.
Type of analysis
Kev tsom xam tso cai rau koj kom paub seb qhov zoo li cas, nrog rau lub sijhawm, yuav tiv thaiv kev hem thiab qhov tsis zoo yuav ua li cascuam tshuam.
Summary: muaj ib qho kev siv cov lej ntsuas ntawm lub koom haum cov dej num. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev pom no ua rau muaj kev txhim kho sai sai. Qhov downside yog qhov nyuaj thiab siv sijhawm.
Nco. Raws li lub npe implies, nws muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm thawj ob hom. Nws yog qhov tob dua. Thaum pib, kev tsom xam cov tswv yim tau ua tiav.
Ntu ntawm SWOT-kev tshuaj xyuas matrix thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv
Tam sim no cia peb saib ze dua ntawm lub quadrants ntawm matrix thiab saib cov hauv paus ntawm SWOT tsom xam.
- Cov txiaj ntsig. Thaum peb tau xaiv cov khoom ntawm kev tshawb fawb, piv txwv li, seb puas yuav tso tawm ib yam khoom tshiab ntawm kev ua lag luam, peb yuav tsum tau sau nyob rau sab laug sab saud tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub tuam txhab (txhim kho kev tshaj tawm, lub neej ntev, USP (tshwj xeeb muag cov lus pom zoo), cov cuab yeej zoo, cov neeg ua haujlwm tsim nyog, qhov chaw, tus nqi qis, kev koom tes nrog cov neeg nruab nrab, thiab lwm yam).
- Flaws. Qhov no yuav tsum suav nrog cov seem uas tsis suav nrog hauv thawj pab pawg. Ntawd yog, yog tias koj tsis tau qhia nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog txog qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom, ces feem ntau qhov no yog qhov rho tawm rau lub tuam txhab. Koj yuav tau ua haujlwm rau qhov no yav tom ntej. Lwm cov piv txwv: tus nqi siab ntawm kev xa mus rau lub rhawv, muaj ntau tus neeg nruab nrab hauv kev faib tawm, qhov qis rov qab los ntawm kev tshaj tawm kev tshaj tawm. Nws yog nyob rau hauv kem no uas koj yuav tsum tsis txhob embellish thiab yoj koj txhais tes ntawm cov tsis muaj zog ntawm lub tuam txhab. Txhua yam me me yog qhov tseem ceeb, raws li hauv paus ntsiab lus, hauv kev tsom xam tag nrho.
- Muaj peev xwm. Qhov tseeb, cov no yog cov lus qhia zoo rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam. Ntawm no dua, piv koj tus kheej rau koj cov neeg sib tw. Vim li cas lawv tuaj yeem muab cov neeg siv khoom ib qho kev npaj them nqi, piv txwv li, tab sis koj ua tsis tau. Nov yog lub sijhawm rau kev txhim kho. Lwm cov piv txwv: teeb tsa lub qhov rooj rau qhov rooj, xaj online, qhib lwm qhov hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam. Cov khoom siv ntawm lub tuam txhab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Koj muaj dab tsi uas koj tus neeg sib tw tsis muaj uas yuav pab tau koj yav tom ntej? Txhua yam nyob ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm koj lub tuam txhab.
- Kev hem. Kev pheej hmoo yuav tsum nco ntsoov txiav txim siab hauv qhov nthuav dav thiab nqes mus rau qhov me me. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub yog tias tus neeg sib tw tshiab yuav nkag mus rau hauv kev ua lag luam, yog tias cov tam sim no kuj xav qhia cov khoom tshiab. Tej zaum lawv muaj qhov zoo hauv kev nyiag koj cov kws tshaj lij. Ib txwm muaj kev pheej hmoo, tab sis raws li lawv hais, tus uas tau ceeb toom yog tub rog. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum paub meej tias yuav ua li cas yog tias koj tus neeg sib tw txiav txim siab ua cov khoom zoo sib xws.
Example: tsev so tsev noj mov
Cia peb tig mus rau kev siv tswv yim ntawm lub tsev noj mov SWOT tsom xam, piv txwv ntawm qhov peb tam sim no yuav tshuaj xyuas.
xav hais tias nyob rau lub nroog N. uas muaj pejxeem txog 400 txhiab tus neeg nyob rau xyoo 2014, lub tsev tos txais tos qhib. Tom qab 4 xyoos, cov founders txiav txim siab mus qhib lub tsev noj mov nyob rau hauv thawj pem teb ntawm lub tsev so. Lub sijhawm ntawm kev npaj ua lag luam rau tsev noj mov hauv tsev so tau pib. Cov ntaub ntawv nyiaj txiag pib nrog kev tshawb nrhiav kev lag luam thiab kev txheeb xyuas. Tom qab tau paub nrog cov neeg sib tw (cov khw noj mov cais thiab cov analogues ntawm cov tsev so) thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv, peb cov tswv tau mus txog lub sijhawm nyiam - SWOT tsom xam ntawm lub tsev noj mov ntawm lub tsev so. Cia peb pab lawv hauv qhov teeb meem nyuaj no thiab txheeb xyuas tag nrho cov nuances me ntsis.
Lub zog thiab qhov tsis muaj zog
Cia pib lub tsev noj mov SWOT tsom xam kom raug - los ntawm qhov muaj zog. Qhov zoo ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv hauv qhov no yuav yog:
- kev thov siab rau cov kev pabcuam hauv tsev so;
- qhov chaw zoo ntawm cov khoom - lub nroog nruab nrab thiab ze rau lub chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau, ze ntawm qhov chaw lom zem thiab lub pas dej nrog cov noog;
- nqi rau tsev so tsev so tsis siab tshaj qhov nruab nrab kev ua lag luam;
- kev lag luam siab vim tsis muaj cov chaw zoo sib xws nrog cov khw noj mov hauv cheeb tsam hauv nroog no;
- kev thauj mus los zoo;
- kev tshaj tawm kev tshaj tawm thiab kev xa rov qab siab;
- sijhawm ua haujlwm yooj yim ntawm lub tsev noj mov yav tom ntej rau cov neeg siv khoom;
- txo nqi thiab nce qib rau cov qhua thiab cov neeg siv khoom ib txwm.
Nov yog cov npe ntawm qhov zoo dua lwm lub tsev noj mov ntawm cov tsev so hauv nroog. Lawv yog cov tseem ceeb.
Tom ntej, cia peb ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm lub tsev so thiab lub tsev noj mov yav tom ntej:
- nyiaj hli ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev noj mov qis dua hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm sib cais;
- sijhawm ua haujlwm tsis yooj yim rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev noj mov (txij thaum sawv ntxov txog yav tsaus ntuj);
- txwv cov ntawv qhia vim tsis muaj qee yam khoom siv;
- tsev noj mov tsis paub;
- nqi hauv tsev noj mov ntawm lub tsev so siab dua nyob rau hauv nws cov khoom sib cais.
Cons tuaj yeem hloov pauv sai sai yog tias koj ua haujlwm rau lawv kom raug. Tsis txhob maj nrawm rau txhua qhov teeb meem loj los kho qhov tsis txaus,tsuas yog xaiv 1-3 lub ntsiab lus hnyav los pib, kho lawv, thiab tom qab ntawd so.
Zoo thiab hem
Tam sim no cia peb xav txog lub sijhawm uas cov tswv tsev so thiab tsev noj mov yuav tsum txhim kho lawv txoj kev lag luam thiab mus txog qib tshiab:
- nruab qhov kev them nyiaj yooj yim (txhua hom kev them nyiaj);
- ua kom cov qhua tuaj yeem xaj zaub mov ntawm lub tsev noj mov mus rau chav;
- khoom noj muaj cai rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev so;
- nthuav dav ntau yam ntawm cov zaub mov thaum yuav khoom tsim nyog.
Cov cib fim no tuaj yeem ua tiav yog tias koj sim. Thiab lawv yuav dhau los ua qhov zoo ntawm lub tsev noj mov thiab tsev so. Tau kawg, nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem ua txhua yam ib zaug yog tias tsis muaj qhov xav tau ntau npaum li cas hauv lub txhab nyiaj ntawm tes. Ntawm no dua, koj yuav tsum xaiv cov khoom uas pheej yig tshaj plaws ntawm tus nqi thiab qhov tseem ceeb thiab ua kom zoo rau lawv.
Yav tom ntej, lub tuam txhab yuav muaj "cov ntawv pov thawj" hauv Tshuag kom muaj kev sib tw, raws li cov tuam txhab lag luam nto moo ntawm cov xov tooj smartphones ua. Tom qab tag nrho, lawv tsis tau tso tawm ib lub xov tooj tam sim ntawd nrog tag nrho cov khoom tshiab, tab sis ua nws maj mam thiaj li tswj tau qhov kev xav thiab khaws cov neeg siv khoom.
Ua tiav SWOT tsom xam ntawm lub tsev noj mov, cia peb tham txog kev hem thawj rau txoj kab tshiab ntawm kev lag luam. Cov no yuav yog:
- tshwm sim ntawm lub tsev noj mov sib tw ntawm ib sab ntawm cov khoom;
- txo qis hauv kev thov rau kev pabcuam tsev so;
- tus neeg ua haujlwm hloov pauv vim nyiaj qis;
- tsis xav tau vim cov zaub mov tsis zoo thiabtus nqi siab;
- kev cai lij choj hloov pauv;
- hloov pauv ntawm cov roj lossis nqi hluav taws xob;
- nce tus nqi yuav khoom rau cov khoom tiav thiab cov khoom lag luam rau lub tsev noj mov.
Piv txwv tias muaj kev pheej hmoo, peb tus phab ej yuav paub yuav ua li cas thaum muaj xwm txheej tshwm sim. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv "Risk Assessment" seem ntawm lub phiaj xwm kev lag luam, cov tswv yuav suav cov ntsiab lus tawg, uas yuav ua rau lawv muaj sia nyob ib ntus tus nqi hloov pauv yam tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo.
Qhov no ua tiav qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam SWOT ntawm lub tsev noj mov, txhua yam uas tseem tshuav yog los ntsuas kev txhim kho lub tuam txhab ntxiv.
Cov lus xaus thiab qhov dav dav
Undoubtedly, ntxiv kev nqis tes ua tom qab tau txais daim duab tiav los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas yog nyob ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub tuam txhab. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov kev cai dav dav ntawm kev nqis tes ua uas yuav coj cov lag luam mus rau qhov raug thiab pab ua tiav:
- siv koj kom zoo dua;
- sim tshem tawm qhov tsis muaj zog;
- nqis peev rau hauv lub sijhawm;
- cia siab tias yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo - xav ib kauj ruam lossis ob qho ua ntej.
Rov qab mus rau qhov piv txwv, peb tuaj yeem qhia cov haujlwm hauv qab no:
- ua kom pom tseeb hauv tsev so tshaj tawm ntawm kev qhib lub tsev noj mov;
- vim ntxiv. nyiaj los yuav khoom siv thiab nthuav ntau yam ntawm cov ntawv qhia zaub mov;
- kom siv tau koj lub peev xwm;
- tsim "tuav" kev rau cov neeg ua haujlwm kom tsis txhob muaj kev hloov pauv;
- txo tus nqi yuav khoom ntawm raw khoom los ntawm kev pom zoo nrog cov neeg muag khoom thiabfeem ntau nce cov paj ntawm cov nyiaj txiag muaj zog.
Yog li, peb tau pab cov tswv tsev so kom pom los ntawm SWOT tsom xam cov cib fim, kev hem thawj, qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo uas yuav ua rau lub luag haujlwm txiav txim siab hauv kev lag luam tsev noj mov.
