Lub koom pheej ntawm Karelia yog thaj av ntawm hav zoov thiab pas dej xiav. Muaj tsawg kawg yog 60,000 ntawm tom kawg ntawm no. Peb tsab xov xwm yog devoted rau ib tug ntawm lawv. Qhov no yog Lake Segozero, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ib feem ntawm cheeb tsam. Tom ntej no, koj yuav kawm txog hydrology, nta thiab ichthyofauna ntawm lub reservoir.
pas dej ntawm Karelia
Karelia yog ib lub pas dej loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Karelian reservoir muaj ntau haiv neeg thiab zoo nkauj heev. Ntawm lawv yog cov pas dej loj loj Onega thiab Ladoga, thiab cov pas dej me me, poob rau hauv qhov tob ntawm cov hav zoov nkauj xwb thiab hu rau ntawm no "lambushki". Tab sis nws yog cov dej me me uas muaj yeej hauv cheeb tsam, thaj tsam ntawm thaj chaw uas tsis pub tshaj ib square kilometers.
Ntau lub pas dej Karelian ntws thiab txuas nrog ib leeg los ntawm cov dej ntws los yog cov kwj me me. Lawv cov ntug dej feem ntau yog pob zeb thiab ntxhab, feem ntau muaj qhov chaw ntawm pob zeb ntawm cov duab txawv txawv. Keeb kwm ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov pas dej Karelia yog glacial. Zoo kawg thiab xav paub yog lawv cov npe, uas yog raws li Finnish, Karelian, Veps, Sami lo lus.
Thib tsib hauvcheeb tsam reservoir ntawm Karelia - Segozero. Lub pas dej nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv lub Segezha thiab, ib feem, Medvezhyegorsk koog tsev kawm ntawv ntawm lub koom pheej (daim ntawv qhia zaub mov yog qhia hauv qab no). Tom ntej no, peb yuav qhia koj ntxiv txog lub pas dej no.
Lake Segozero: duab thiab cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Lub npe ntawm lub pas dej los ntawm lo lus Karelian pom, uas txhais tau tias "ci". Cov ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm "Light Lake" yog haiv neeg thaj chaw ntawm Podan Karelians - ib pawg neeg uas muaj keeb kwm yav dhau los muaj Mongoloid nta. Tag nrho cheeb tsam ntawm Lake Segozero yog 815 square kilometers, qhov siab tshaj plaws qhov tob yog 103 meters. Qhov ntev ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv yog li 400 km.
Lake Segozero tau kawm paub meej los ntawm Lavxias tus kws tshaj lij Gleb Vereshchagin hauv xyoo 1920. Lub ntoj ke mus kawm coj los ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb no tau tshawb nrhiav, tag nrho, tshaj li ib puas Karelian pas dej. Lub reservoir belongs rau lub White Sea phiab. Nws lub ntsiab tributaries yog Luzhma, Sanda thiab Voloma. Tus dej Segezha kuj ntws tawm ntawm lub pas dej, txuas nrog Vygozero nyob ze. Nyob rau hauv 1957, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm kev tsim kho lub pas dej ua ke nyob ze Popov Threshold, cov dej theem nyob rau hauv Segozero tau tsa los ntawm 6.3 meters.
Lake Hydrology
Qhov nruab nrab qhov tob ntawm Segozero yog 29 meters. Sab qaum teb ntawm lub reservoir yog qhov tob tshaj plaws. Qhov tob ntawm 40-60 meters yeej nyob ntawm no. Tab sis nyob rau hauv nruab nrab thiab sab hnub poob ntawm lub pas dej muaj cov dej ntiav ntiav (tsis ntau tshaj 10 meters).
Segozero yog lub pas dej tshiab. Mineralization ntawm dej nyob rau hauv nws yog tsawg - mus txog 40mg/liter. Lub acidity Performance index (pH) yog li ntawm 6.5 mus rau 7.0. Cov xim ntawm cov dej hauv lub pas dej yog daj, lub pob tshab yog 4.3-5.2 meters, thiab nyob rau hauv lub bays - tsis ntau tshaj 3.2 meters. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, dej sov txog +16 … 17 degrees (nyob rau hauv lub bays - mus txog +18 ° C). Lub reservoir freezes thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis Ntuj, thiab tag nrho freed los ntawm cov dej khov shackles los ntawm ib nrab lub Tsib Hlis.
Feem ntau ntawm lub pas dej hauv qab yog npog nrog grey-ntsuab thiab xim av av. Ntawm qhov tob txog li kaum meters, cov xuab zeb deposits pom. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, muaj txog xya kaum lub Islands tuaj ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm lub pas dej. Lawv feem ntau yog nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub reservoir. Kaum kilometers ntawm lub zos Karelian Maselga yog lub cim kob ntawm Dyulmek, uas yog ib tug monument ntawm geology. Nws yog tsim los ntawm 2 billion xyoo dolomites, nyob rau hauv lub cev uas cov fossilized seem ntawm ancient algae tau pom.
ntug dej hiav txwv thiab thaj chaw ib puag ncig
Cov duab ntawm Lake Segozero zoo ib yam li daim duab peb sab, taw qhia nrog nws lub kaum sab xis mus rau sab hnub poob (duab hauv qab). Qhov ntev ntawm lub reservoir yog 49 km, qhov siab tshaj plaws yog 35 km. Cov ntug hiav txwv dej hnyav hnyav nrog qhov tob thiab nqaim bays-duab.
ntug hiav txwv dej muaj ntau haiv neeg: los ntawm ntxhab thiab pob zeb mus rau qis qis thiab marshy. Tab sis me ntsis siab shores dominate, tag nrho overgrown nrog tuab coniferous hav zoov. Ntawm cov nroj tsuag hydrophilic, horsetail, pondweed, reed, reed, daj dej-pod thiab ib co lwm hom yog sawv cev ntawm no.
Nyob rau hauv hav zoov hav zoov - muaj ntau ntawm nceb thiab berries (blueberries, lingonberries, cranberries). Nyob ntawmhazel grouse, partridges thiab lwm yam noog pub rau berries. Bears kuj noj hmo ntawm no, yog li kev sib tham nrog ib tus tsiaj clubfoot hauv hav zoov hauv zos yog qhov zoo heev. Ntawm cov nceb hauv zos, Peck's gindellum, nrov npe hu ua "cranberries hauv qab zib", sawv tawm. Nws lub kaus mom dawb npog tag nrho nrog cov ruby me me. Cov nceb, txawm tias tsis muaj tshuaj lom, yog inedible vim nws muaj zog iab saj.
Nuv ntses ntawm Lake Segozero
Lub pas dej yeej ib txwm nyiam ntau tus neeg nyiam nuv ntses. Thaum lawv hais txog lub pas dej no zoo li no: "Nws tom ntawm ib tug nuv liab qab!" Yog vim li cas rau ib tug beak zoo nyob rau hauv lub saturation ntawm dej nrog oxygen thiab cov nplua nuj ntawm plankton. Niaj hnub no, muaj ntses tsawg dua, tab sis tseem muaj ntau tshaj li kev nuv ntses ua si.
Hnub no, 17 hom ntses nyob hauv Segozero - vendace, greyling, salmon, ide, roach, burbot, perch, bleak thiab lwm yam. Nuv ntses ntawm lub pas dej tau tso cai txhua xyoo puag ncig. Lub sijhawm tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau spearfishing yog pib ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg. Lub sijhawm no, cov dej hauv Segozero yog qhov tseeb li sai tau. Qhov chaw ntses ntau tshaj plaws yog Panda Bay, Sondal Bay thiab Akkonshaari Island.
Yuav ua li cas mus rau lub pas dej
Lub pas dej nyob rau hauv Segezhsky koog tsev kawm ntawv ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Karelia, txog 700 kilometers ntawm lub nroog St. Yog tias koj mus los ntawm pej xeem thauj, koj tuaj yeem caij tsheb ciav hlau mus rau qhov chaw nres tsheb Segezha, thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm tsheb tavxij mus rau lub zos Popov Porog (kwv yees li 80 km). Yog tias koj mus rau koj tus kheej kev thauj mus los, txav mus raws txoj kev loj M 18, thiab ntawm 681st km tig mus rau lub zos. Urosozero.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nws yooj yim dua mus rau yav qab teb thiab sab hnub tuaj ntug dej hiav txwv, tab sis nws nyuaj dua mus rau sab qaum teb ntug dej hiav txwv, vim tsuas yog tsis muaj txoj kev nyob ntawd. Tsis muaj tsev so loj lossis chaw ua si hauv Segozero. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qee lub zos (Popov Porog, Karelskaya Maselga, Padany) muaj cov tsev qhua me me.
