Buryat riam: piav qhia nrog cov duab, yam ntxwv nta, hom riam, qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab daim ntawv thov nta

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:06

Hnub no, hauv kev sau ntawm ntau tus naifomaniacs, koj tuaj yeem pom riam Buryat. Qee tus tsuas dais lub npe zoo li no, txawm hais tias lawv tau ua raws li cov ntsiab lus sib txawv thiab thev naus laus zis. Tab sis cov craftsmen uas ua rau lwm tus mob siab rau recreated lub cuab tam, noj mus rau hauv tus account tag nrho cov yam ntxwv thiab cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Thiab feem ntau, cov riam no tau paub dav tsis yog nyob rau hauv Russia, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws Esxias: Mongolia, Tuam Tshoj thiab txawm Kauslim. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav qhia koj me ntsis txog lawv.

Nws yog dab tsi

Ua ntej cov Russians tuaj rau Siberia, Buryats feem ntau koom nrog kev yos hav zoov - lawv tsis paub kev ua liaj ua teb. Yog li ntawd, riam tau siv feem ntau rau kev tua tsiaj, khaws cov tsiaj raug mob. Qhov no tshuav nws cov cim ntawm cov duab thiab qhov ntev ntawm qhov ntsuas.

Feem ntau, Buryats, zoo li ntau lwm tus neeg, ib txwm muaj tus cwj pwm hnyav heev rau riam. Nws yog txwv tsis pub hla nws, taw tes rau lwm tus, muab nws rau hauv qhov hluav taws kub, lossis txawm tias tsuas yog tshem nws tawm ntawm nws qhov scabbard yam tsis ua dab tsi.

Zoo

Cov duab ntawm riam yog yooj yim li sai tau, tab sis tib yamsijhawm ua haujlwm. Feem ntau ib tug loj Buryat riam muaj ib tug ntev thiab nqaim hniav. Nws yog ncaj thiab sib npaug nkaus xwb ntawm qhov kawg. Daim ntawv no tsis tau xaiv los ntawm lub caij nyoog - nws tsis tuaj yeem ua kom tiav cov mos lwj uas raug mob lossis elk nrog luv luv nkhaus hniav. Thiab ib tug neeg yos hav zoov zoo ib txwm sim daws qhov kev txom nyem ntawm cov tsiaj nyaum kom ntau li ntau tau los ntawm kev ua kom qhov nce sai thiab tsis mob li sai tau. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm cov hniav ntev, tus kov zoo li luv luv. Tseeb tiag, nws tau ua tsis ntev dhau - raws nraim li nws haum rau hauv xib teg ntawm koj txhais tes.

Tab sis thaum txiav ib tug tsiaj carcass, riam nrog ib tug ntev ncaj hniav tsis zoo heev. Yog li ntawd, nrog rau cov neeg yos hav zoov loj, ib txwm hnav ib rab riam me me Buryat. Nws cov duab yog tib yam: nrog ib tug ncaj hniav. Tab sis qhov ntev ntawm cov hniav yog me me, feem ntau tsawg dua qhov kov. Nws yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua kom kos nrog xws li riam phom. Tab sis nws yooj yim heev kom tshem tawm daim tawv nqaij, tua cov carcass.

Feem ntau lawv txawm ua ib rab riam tshwj xeeb nrog ob lub hnab: ntev thiab rab riam luv, kom ob leeg nyob ntawm tes, tshem tawm txhua lub sijhawm.

Yuav siv li cas

Hauv kev tsim cov riam, feem ntau siv cov hlau me me. Muaj ob peb lub laj thawj rau qhov no. Ntawm qhov tod tes, ntawm Buryats tau xyaum tsis muaj cov kws ua hlau zoo uas muaj peev xwm ua cov hlau zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis yog ib qho kev tso nyiaj hlau ib leeg tau tsim nyob rau thaj chaw ntawm lawv qhov chaw nyob - cov hlau feem ntau tau yuav los ntawm Mongols hauv kev pauv rau cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig. Tau kawg, tsis muaj kev tsim metallurgy thiab qee yam kev paub, nws yog qhov tseebNws tsis tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau tawv kom ua cov riam sib xws.

Tab sis muaj lwm qhov laj thawj yog vim li cas cov Buryats txuas ntxiv ua riam los ntawm cov hlau me me txawm tias tom qab tuaj txog ntawm cov neeg Lavxias, uas ua siab dav qhia lawv txoj kev paub. Hniav ntawm lub siab hardness tuaj yeem ua haujlwm rau tus tswv rau lub sijhawm ntev yam tsis muaj sharpening. Tab sis thaum nws thaum kawg ua npub, txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau nws, koj yuav tsum muaj lub pob zeb tshwj xeeb ntawm tes. Tab sis ib rab riam me me, txawm tias dulling sai sai, tuaj yeem ua kom nrawm nrawm rau ntawm ntug ntse nrog yuav luag txhua qhov chaw ntxhib.

Los ntawm txoj kev, txhawm rau txhim kho cov khoom txiav, Buryat riam feem ntau muaj qhov ua kom zoo nkauj asymmetric.

Tus kov yog ua los ntawm

Feem ntau, tus kov yog ua los ntawm ntoo, feem ntau birch. Durable, tab sis tib lub sijhawm yooj yim rau kev ua, nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm rau tus tswv tau ntau xyoo txawm tias siv ntau tshaj plaws. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntoo xyaum tsis nqus ntshav, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev yog tias koj siv riam rau tua cov carcasses. Lawv feem ntau siv cov hlau pommel, uas ntxiv dag zog rau tus kov, tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev sib tsoo.

Tseem muaj riam, tus kov uas yog ua los ntawm horn. Tau kawg, cov khoom siv no nyuaj dua rau kev ua haujlwm. Tab sis nws kuj muaj lub neej ntev kev pab cuam - xws li ib tug kov yuav twv yuav raug hu tsis tawg yog hais tias koj yuam kev poob riam rau ntawm ib tug pob zeb los yog lwm yam nyuaj nto. Thiab lub horn tsis ntshai ntawm cov dej noo ntau dhau, vim nws tsis raug rotting, pwm tsim.

Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tau sim xaiv cov khoom siv tsaus nti kom nws pom qhov sib txawv ntawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm lub teeb ci. Hais qhov koj nyiam, tab sis Buryats yeej ib txwm muaj qhov zoo nkauj thiab hais tau saj.

Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob

Tab sis lub plhaub ntawm Buryat riam, nruab nrab, nrog rau me thiab loj, tuaj yeem muaj ob qho tib si ntoo thiab tawv - nws txhua tus nyob ntawm qhov nyiam ntawm tus neeg yos hav zoov tshwj xeeb.

Lawv cov cuab yeej tau yooj yim li sai tau - rab riam tau kho los ntawm qhov yooj yim clamping tus kov. Qhov ntawd yog, nws tau quaj me ntsis rau hauv lub hnab riam zoo me ntsis, uas yuav luag cais tag nrho cov khoom poob thaum nqa tawm.

Cov neeg yos hav zoov nplua nuj tau tsim lossis xaj cov ntaub qhwv nrog cov hlau hlau, feem ntau yog cupronickel lossis txawm tias nyiaj. Feem ntau lawv tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ntau yam kev cai dab qhuas. Hauv cov duab qub, nrog rau cov scabbards tiag tiag uas tau muaj sia nyob rau peb lub sijhawm, koj tuaj yeem pom cov duab kos: zaj, lotuses, tsov ntxhuav thiab lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, nws vam khom rau thaj chaw. Nyob rau sab qab teb, hauv thaj av uas nyob ib sab ntawm Mongolia, qhov no tshwm sim ntau dua, tab sis nyob rau sab qaum teb tsis tshua muaj ntau.

Yuav kom tsis txhob poob

Kawm Buryat xuas tes ua riam, koj tuaj yeem pom ib qho ntxiv pendant buckle. Lub scabbard tau txuas nrog nws nrog ib txoj hlua hlau. Hauv kev xaiv peev nyiaj ntau dua, siv cov hlua tawv tsis tu ncua.

Vim li cas thiaj xav tau? Vim ob leeg.

Ua ntej, tsuas yog los ntawm qhov kev pom zoo. Thaum yos hav zoov BuryatsKuv yuav tsum tau taug kev ntau dhau ntawm cov hav zoov, khiav los ntawm cov cua daj cua dub thiab cov hav txwv yeem txhawm rau ntes cov tsiaj nyaum. Ntawm chav kawm, koj tuaj yeem poob lub sheath nrog rau riam nrog xws li kev txav nrawm heev. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov no los ntawm qhov tshwm sim, lub buckle-pendant tau txuas rau txoj siv. Txawm tias tus scabbard plam ntawm nws txoj siv, nws tsis mus qhov twg.

Thib ob, ua raws li kev cai dab qhuas. Nws yog kev cob cog rua nrog lub fact tias, thaum mus xyuas, nyob rau hauv lub chum ntawm cov neeg nyob ze los yog acquaintances, lub Buryats rub tawm scabbard los ntawm lawv txoj siv, cia nws dai ntawm ib tug saw. Hauv qhov no, nws tsuas yog tsis yooj yim sua kom ceev cov riam - nws yog kwv yees li ntawm theem ntawm lub hauv caug. Yog li ntawd, lawv tau ua kom pom kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb, tsis muaj kev ntxeev siab. Tus tswv ntawm rab riam zoo li hais tias: "Koj pom, kuv tsis tau npaj rau kev sib ntaus, txhais tau tias kuv tsis tau npaj ua phem rau koj."

riam niaj hnub

Raws li tau hais los saum no, niaj hnub no cov riam Buryat tau paub hauv ntau lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb. Ntawm chav kawm, lawv paub ntau yam hauv tsev amateurs thiab connoisseurs. Nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias lawv tau tsim los ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab loj, tsis hais txog tus kheej craftsmen. Buryat riam yog tsim nyob rau hauv Zlatoust, Bata, Baikal-Art thiab ntau lwm tus.

Tau kawg, cov khoom tshiab tsis yog ib txwm ua raws li cov kev txwv uas lawv cov analogues ntawm ntau pua xyoo dhau los muaj. Feem ntau, tsuas yog cov duab khaws cia: ntev, cov hniav ncaj, sib npaug tsuas yog nyob ze ntawm lub ntsis.

Tab sis steel siv ntau dua niaj hnub, muaj zog thiab tawv. Txawm li cas los xij, niaj hnub no muaj ntau tus neeg yos hav zoov uas yuav tsum tau siv sijhawm ntau hauv hav zoov, thiab tom qab ntawd ua tiav thiab tua tsiaj nyaum, tsis yog tub nkeeg.nqa ib lub pob zeb me me rau hauv koj lub hnab ris lossis hnab ev khoom.

Hloov pauv kuj cuam tshuam rau tus kov. Ntawm chav kawm, koj tuaj yeem pom ib daim duab ntawm Buryat riam, uas nws yog ua los ntawm ntoo, thiab tsis tsuas yog los ntawm birch, tab sis kuj los ntawm lwm yam, ntau kab txawv. Kuj tseem muaj tawv tawv tawv, tawv tawv tawv thiab ntau lwm yam.

Scabbard kuj hloov ntau heev. Feem ntau lawv yog ua los ntawm tawv los yog leatherette. Tab sis cov duab tau hloov me ntsis. Yog tsis muaj ib tug neeg zov ntawm ib tug classic Buryat riam ua rau nws muaj peev xwm mus tsim tau heev xis thiab txhim khu kev qha scabbards, nyob rau hauv uas lub cuab tam yog heev recessed thiab ruaj ntseg ruaj. Txawm hais tias nrog lub steeplechase ntev, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev poob riam yog tsawg.

Tab sis qee cov tuam txhab lag luam tau khaws cov kev lig kev cai ntawm kev muab riam rau ib txoj siv nrog ib txoj hlua tshwj xeeb, thiab tsis yog vim li cas, tab sis ua khoom plig rau kev lig kev cai.

Zoo kawg

Tam sim no koj paub ntau ntxiv txog Buryat riam: lawv tsim, cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv lawv qhov chaw tsim khoom. Yog li, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab yooj yim seb puas yuav yuav riam zoo li no lossis muab kev nyiam rau lwm cov analogues, niaj hnub ntau dua.