Tonino Guerra yog tus kws sau paj huam Italian nto moo, tus kws sau ntawv thiab tus kws tshuaj ntsuam xyuas. Sau zaj duab xis scripts rau ntau tshaj 50 xyoo, los ntawm 1956 mus txog rau thaum nws tuag. Nws tuag thaum Lub Peb Hlis 21, 2012 hauv nroog Santarcangelo di Romagna. Nws sau cov ntawv sau ua lus Emiliano-Romagnol, thiab hauv Italis.
Tus sau lub npe tag nrho yog Antonio Guerra. Nws yug los rau lub Peb Hlis 16, 1920 hauv nroog Santarcangelo di Romagna hauv ltalis, tsis deb ntawm Rimini. Ntawm no Tonino nyob tag nrho nws lub neej. Tonino cov niam txiv tau tsa kaum ib tus menyuam.
Tom qab kawm tiav, tus txiv neej nkag mus hauv Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab hauv Urbino. Thaum Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II, Guerra tau xaus rau hauv Nazi concentration camp. Ntawm no tus txiv neej pib sau nws thawj tej hauj lwm.
Kev Sau Ntawv
Xyoo 1953, Tonino pib sau cov ntawv ua yeeb yaj kiab. Tom qab ntawd, ntau ntawm nws cov ntawv sau yuav suav nrog cov nyiaj kub ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab tsis yog hauv Ltalis, tab sis thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Nws tau sau ntawv rau cov thawj coj xws li Giuseppe de Santis, cov kwv tij Taviani, Mauro Bolognini, Damiano Damiani.
Tus Thawj Coj MichelangeloAntonioni tua cov duab nto moo "Blowup", "Zabriskie Point", "Adventure", "Hmo ntuj", "Liab Desert", "Dab ntxwg nyoog" thiab lwm yam raws li cov ntawv sau ntawm Tonino Guerra. Cov lus sau los ntawm cov ntawv sau no, thiab tom qab ua yeeb yaj kiab, tau luam tawm hauv cov ntawv xov xwm, tam sim ntawd tau nrov thiab tau siv los ntawm cov neeg saib thiab cov neeg thuam yeeb yaj kiab hauv lub neej niaj hnub.
Tus thawj coj ua yeeb yaj kiab ci ntsa iab Federico Felini yog Tonino tus phooj ywg thiab phooj ywg nyob ze. Ua ke lawv tau ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua yeeb yam "Amarcord", uas tom qab qee lub sijhawm dhau los ua yeeb yaj kiab. Cov phiaj xwm txuas ntxiv ntawm Guerra thiab Fellini yog "Ginger thiab Fred" thiab "Thiab lub nkoj tab tom caij nkoj …".
Ntau Tonino Guerra zaj duab xis scripts coj mus rau lub neej los ntawm cov thawj coj Francesco Rosi thiab Theo Angelopoulos.
Guerra sau 109 qhov screenplays ntau xyoo ntawm nws txoj haujlwm.
Ua haujlwm hauv USSR
Raws li Tonino tsab ntawv, Andrei Tarkovsky kuj muaj sijhawm los ua yeeb yaj kiab. Cov yeeb yaj kiab "Nostalgia", uas lawv tau ua haujlwm ua ke, tom qab ntawd tau ua lub hauv paus rau zaj yeeb yaj kiab "Lub Sijhawm Ncig Tebchaws".
Tonino muaj ntau tus neeg paub hauv USSR. Nws tuav kev sib raug zoo nrog cov neeg ua yeeb yaj kiab nto moo Georgy Danelia, Alexander Brunkovsky, Paola Volkova, Yuri Lyubimov thiab Bella Akhmadulina.
Tus Thawj Coj Vladimir Naumov tau ua yeeb yaj kiab ob lub ntsiab lus ntawm tus tswv - "Lub moos tsis muaj tes" thiab "Dawb so haujlwm".
Cov ntawv xov xwm Soviet feem ntau luam tawm kev xam phaj, tawm los ntawm cov haujlwm thiab cov duab ntawm Tonino Guerra.
Nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntawm 70s, USSR Goskino caw Tonino thiabqhia los ntawm Michelangelo Antonioni rau kev sib koom ua yeeb yaj kiab ntawm cov menyuam yaus cov ntawv tseeb zaj duab xis "Kite". Lawv tab tom mus tua cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv Uzbekistan. Tonino thiab Michelangelo tuaj txaus siab rau cov toj roob hauv pes, tab sis vim li ntawd, rau ntau yam, qhov project tseem tsis tau paub.
Tus nto moo Lavxias teb sab animator Andrey Khrzhanovsky tau ua yeeb yaj kiab animated "Tus tsov ntxhuav nrog lub hwj txwv Grey" raws li tsab ntawv ntawm Italian. Cov duab tas luav tau tshwm sim ntawm ntau lub koob tsheej nto moo. "Tus tsov ntxhuav nrog lub hwj txwv Grey" yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws nrog Western zaj duab xis thuam thiab saib, thiab tau txais ntau yam khoom plig muaj koob npe.
Thaum ua tiav, Guerra thiab Khrzhanovsky tau ua yeeb yaj kiab ntxiv ob zaj duab xis - "The Long Journey" raws li cov duab kos los ntawm Federico Fellini thiab "Lullaby for Cricket" - ib daim duab tas luav rau 200 xyoo ntawm AS Pushkin.
Cov paj huam ntawm Tonino Guerra tau muab txhais ua lus Lavxias los ntawm Bella Akhmadulina. Tus kws sau paj huam.
Phau ntawv "Seven notebooks of life"
Tonino Guerra luam tawm phau ntawv "Seven Notebooks of Life" hauv 2007. Nws suav nrog paj huam thiab prose. "Seven Notebooks of Life" zoo ib yam li xya lub hauv ntiaj teb no, xya cov lus qhia ntawm Australian aborigines. Cov kev taw qhia no yog sab qaum teb, sab qab teb, sab hnub tuaj, sab hnub poob, nqes, nce, thiab sab hauv.
Phau ntawv suav nrog tus sau phau ntawv teev npe, nws cov dab neeg, paj huam, nrog rau kev nco ntawm Guerra cov phooj ywg txog nws thiab nws lub neej.
Guerra yog tus sau cov lus nto moo:
Thaum thawj nplooj poob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, nws ua suab nrov, vimuas ib xyoos poob nrog nws…
Tus sau tus qauv tsis zoo li European. Nws txoj kev xav yog ze rau Eastern kab lis kev cai. Tonino feem ntau muab piv rau cov kws sau ntawv Nyij Pooj thiab cov kws sau paj huam.
Awards
Tonino yog tus yeej ntawm ntau yam khoom plig muaj koob npe. Ntawm lawv yog:
- In 1966 - Oscar nomination rau qhov screenplay rau zaj duab xis "Casanova 70";
- In 1967 - Oscar nomination rau qhov screenplay "Blow Up";
- In 1976 - Oscar nomination rau "Amarcord";
- In 1984 - qhov khoom plig ntawm Cannes zaj duab xis Success rau "Journey to Kythera";
- Nyob rau xyoo 1989 - raug xaiv tsa rau European Academy Award rau "Landscape in the Fog";
- Nyob rau xyoo 1994 - Pietro Bianci Award ntawm Venice Film Festival;
- Xyoo 1995 - MIFF Silver "Saint George" khoom plig rau nws txoj kev koom tes rau xinesmas.
Lub neej ntiag tug
Nyob rau hauv lub 70s, Tonino yuav ib tug ntxhais los ntawm lub Soviet Union hu ua Eleonora Yablochkina. Kev sib yuav tau sau npe hauv Moscow. Tus kws sau ntawv tau muab nws tus poj niam ib lub tawb noog, thiab Eleanor pib sau ntawv rau hauv nws nrog cov lus hauv Italis. Ib qho ntawm cov kab lus no txhais ua lus Lavxias txhais tau tias "Yog tias koj muaj roob daus, ces cia nws nyob hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo."
Guerra sim tsis txhob banal, thiab qhov no tau pab nws kom muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog nws tus poj niam tau ntau xyoo.
Nws muab Laura ob lub tsheb, tab sis tus poj niam tsis tau kawm tsav tsheb zoo, nws thiaj li tsoo ob lub tsheb. Lwm qhov khoom plig zoo nkauj uas Tonino ua rau nws tus poj niam yog lub tsev hauv nroog Pennabilli. Guerra feem ntau muab paj huam rau Eleanor.
Tam sim nonyob rau hauv lub neej thiab ib tug me ntsis nkees ntawm xinesmas, nyob rau hauv nws hometown ntawm Santarcangelo di Romagna, Tonino qhib lub tsev noj mov, nyob rau ntawm phab ntsa uas nws dai nws tus kheej kos duab. Guerra kuj tau txuas cov phiaj xwm ceramic nrog cov lus hais thiab cov lus hais rau cov phab ntsa ntawm cov tsev, uas nws tau khaws tau ntau xyoo.
Kev tuag
Tus kws sau ntawv tuag thaum Lub Peb Hlis 21, 2012 hauv Santarcangelo di Romagna thaum muaj hnub nyoog 92 xyoos. Nws cov tshauv tau muab tso rau hauv lub qhov cub hauv phab ntsa ntawm lub fortress ntawm Duke of Malates hauv lub nroog Pennabilli.
