Lub nroog thiab cov pejxeem. Ural tsis muaj embellishment: kev lag luam, ecology

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:50

Nkauj kho siab tshaj plaws hauv lub tebchaws. Qhov tshwj xeeb zoo nkauj ntawm qhov. Qhov loj tshaj plaws industrial cheeb tsam, lub caj qaum ntawm lub xeev. Ntawm no qhov kev yeej loj tshaj plaws hauv kev ua tsov rog txaus ntshai tau raug tsim. Lub hwj chim thiab kev khav theeb ntawm Russia. cov neeg kawm txuj ci. Ural nqi nws.

Cov neeg nyob hauv cheeb tsam

Cov pej xeem ntawm thaj av Ural muaj ntau dua nees nkaum lab tus tib neeg, tsawg dua hauv thaj tsam Central ntawm lub tebchaws. Feem coob nyob hauv ib puas thiab plaub caug lub nroog. Kev txiav txim siab zoo li ob txoj kab txuas mus rau sab qab teb. Kev tsim ntawm kev sib haum xeeb hauv cov chaw no tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev peculiar. Tsis zoo li lwm qhov hauv lub tebchaws. Cov khoom tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th. Yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub Urals muaj lub nroog-factories. Kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw ntawm cov neeg nyob mus rau hauv cov laj thawj hauv qab no: huab cua, ecology, kev lag luam tsis zoo, teeb meem nrog kev ua haujlwm. Muaj ib tug gradual outflow ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas. Lawv tawm hauv cheeb tsam no vim huab cua hnyav, pej xeem tsis zoo, nrhiav tsis tau hauj lwm.

cheeb tsam no muaj ntau haiv neeg. Lub Urals yog sib xyaw ntawm haiv neeg nyob hauv kev sib haum xeeb. Cov neeg suav nrog cov haiv neeg tsis muaj ntau. Dominant -Russians - 82%, thib ob Tatars - 5, 14%. Yuav muaj tsawg tus neeg thiab ntau dua. Yog vim li cas: kev loj hlob tsis zoo thiab tawm mus rau lwm thaj chaw. Muaj cov txheej txheem ntawm kev laus tsis tu ncua.

Kev sib xyaw ntawm thaj chaw muaj kev lag luam

Ural thaj chaw muaj xws li Bashkortostan, Udmurtia, Perm Territory thiab plaub cheeb tsam: Sverdlovsk, Orenburg, Kurgan thiab Chelyabinsk. Kev tsim ntawm cov neeg ntawm Urals tau cuam tshuam los ntawm thaj chaw thaj chaw thiab cuam tshuam ntawm kab lis kev cai thiab kev vam meej.

Thawj cov neeg tshwm sim hauv lub hnub nyoog dej khov los ntawm sab hnub tuaj thiab sab qab teb. Kev nplua nuj ntawm cov dej ntws thiab hav zoov, kev sib txawv ntawm cov peev txheej ntuj tau nres cov neeg nyob hauv, thiab cov neeg nyob ntawm no. Muaj ntau nthwv dej li no. Vim muaj ntau haiv neeg nyob rau hauv lub Urals, ntau yam kev cai dab qhuas coexist. Feem ntau gravitates rau cov ntseeg Vajtswv, nyob rau sab qab teb - mus rau Islam. Sab qaum teb qhia txog kev ntseeg pagan. Cov pejxeem ceev ntawm Urals, pom tau tias, tsis cuam tshuam txog kev ntseeg kev ntseeg.

Lub koom pheej ntawm Bashkortostan nyob ntawm txoj kev hla ntawm Tebchaws Europe thiab Asia. Muaj kev tsim kho kev lag luam thiab kev ua liaj ua teb. High-tech enterprises tsim cov khoom. Lub ntsiab kev lag luam yog mechanical engineering. Pua pua ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom tau koom tes nrog cov cuab yeej cuab tam ib leeg, ib feem ntawm Lavxias teb sab metalworking tshuab tau tsim ntawm no. Lub teb chaws yog paub txog roj refining thiab chemistry.

Ecology

Yog hais tias peb tham txog cov pej xeem ceev ntawm lub Urals, Chelyabinsk cheeb tsam yog tus thawj coj nyob rau hauv no taw qhia thiab, conversely, lub Kurgan cheeb tsam yog inferior. Cov neeg nyob hauv lub hav zoov pob zeb yeej - 74.8%. Cov no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev lag luam sai ntawm thaj chaw. Cov neeg ua haujlwm raug cob qhia yog tus nqi tseem ceeb.

Cov neeg npaj hauv nroog nyob deb tsis muaj lub tswv yim tias kev npaj ntawm lub nroog Hoobkas yav tom ntej yuav dhau los ua kev puas tsuaj ib puag ncig. Qhov no tau pom tseeb thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Cov lag luam tsim kev puas tsuaj ntawm metallurgy thiab chemistry ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov chaw nyob. Cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig tau tsim rov qab los. Feem ntau ntawm cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv intermountain basins, uas ua rau nws nyuaj rau tshem tawm cov teeb meem emissions nrog kev pab los ntawm huab cua tam sim no. Lub concentration ntawm cov pa phem Cheebtsam tau tshaj kaum ob lub sij hawm - qhov no kuj yog lub Urals. Cov pej xeem thiab cov nroog tau ris lub nra hnyav rau kev cuam tshuam ecology.

Specialization

Lub hauv paus ntawm cheeb tsam yog kev lag luam hnyav, mechanical engineering thiab petrochemistry. Kev nplua nuj ntawm hav zoov tau ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov ntoo thiab kev ua haujlwm. Sab Qab Teb Sab Qab Teb - cov neeg muag khoom ntawm cov nplej.

Lub cheeb tsam Ural muaj nyob ze rau sab hnub tuaj bins ntawm lub teb chaws, qhov chaw uas muaj inexhaustible reserves ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv thiab lub zog ntawm Siberia, stimulating ntxiv kev vam meej. Lub nroog tau nruab nrog lub network thauj khoom tsim, muaj peev xwm tuav cov khoom thauj.

Udmurtia, nrog cov pejxeem ntawm ib thiab ib nrab lab tus tib neeg, yog ib feem ntawm thaj chaw muaj kev lag luam. Russians - 62%, ces haiv neeg - 28%, thiab tag nrho cov pejxeem. Ural yog thaj chaw hnyav.

Komi-Permyaks - 150 txhiab tus neeg sawv cev. Cov neeg hauv paus txawm suav txog 60%.

Bashkirs - koom nrog pawg Turkic, kev ntseeg tseem ceeb yog Islam. Tus naj npawb ntawm aborigines yog 2 lab, feem ntau nyob rau hauv lawv cov koom pheej. Muaj 4 lab tus neeg nyob hauv Bashkiria, uas:Cov neeg Lavxias - 39%, hauv paus txawm - 22%, Tatars - 28%, lwm haiv neeg - Chuvash thiab Mari - muaj pes tsawg leeg. Yog li ntawd, lub koom pheej yog suav hais tias yog multinational. Cov pejxeem ntawm yav qab teb Urals yog haum thiab ua siab ntev.

Lub nroog ntawm cheeb tsam

Izhevsk, lub peev ntawm Udmurtia, qhov chaw yug ntawm tus kws tua phom nto moo Kalashnikov. Kev sib hais haum tau tsim nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hlau mines nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th. Tom qab ntawd, ib lub tuam txhab riam phom tau tsim, uas tau los ua lub hauv paus ntawm kev lag luam tiv thaiv. Ekaterinburg, lub peev ntawm Urals, yog qhov thib plaub loj tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia nrog cov pejxeem ntawm 1.5 lab. Industrial loj, railway hlws ris. Kev thauj mus los hauv nroog muaj ntau haiv neeg, suav nrog subway. Muaj tshav dav hlau thoob ntiaj teb.

Chelyabinsk yog lub chaw lag luam thiab kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Chelyabinsk cheeb tsam nrog cov pej xeem ntawm ntau dua ib lab tus tib neeg. Thaum lub sij hawm tsov rog xyoo, nws yog "tank peev", tsim cov khoom rau pem hauv ntej, yog lub concentration ntawm evacuated factories, cov pejxeem ua hauj lwm. Ural ploughed rau hnav.

Ufa - lub plawv ntawm Bashkortostan, pib los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm Ivan qhov txaus ntshai. Lub peev xwm ntawm kev lag luam hauv thaj chaw tshuaj lom neeg, metallurgical thiab roj refining tsis tau tas lawm.

Cov kev nplua nuj ntawm Urals yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, vim tias cov chav tsev ntawm cov khoom siv hauv av tau tsim los rau tsib centuries, thiab cov reserves yuav tsis tag sai sai no.