Budapest, opera: piav qhia, repertoire, keeb kwm, duab thiab tshuaj xyuas

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:01

Cov neeg ncig tebchaws tuaj rau Hungary thiab nws lub peev yuav tsum tau mus xyuas opera hauv Budapest (Hung. Magyar Állami Operaház), uas yog ib qho zoo nkauj tshaj plaws hauv lub nroog. Opera thiab ballet ua yeeb yam tsis tu ncua nyob ntawm no, qhov chaw nto moo ua yeeb yam. Lub Hungarian Opera House yog lub tsev qub qub zoo nkauj xyoo pua 19th uas qhib txhua hnub rau cov neeg tuaj ncig thiab cov neeg nyiam suab paj nruag.

Keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim ua yeeb yam

Ua ntej qhov kev txiav txim siab los tsim lub tsev ua yeeb yam tshiab, txhua qhov kev ua yeeb yam tau tuav ntawm theem ntawm National Theatre, tig nrog kev ua yeeb yam. Lub tsev ntawm Hungarian Opera nyob rau hauv Budapest tau tsim rau yuav luag 10 xyoo (1875-1884) nrog tsoomfwv cov nyiaj thiab nrog kev txhawb nqa nyiaj txiag ntawm Franz Joseph, King ntawm Austro-Hungarian Empire. Qhov project theatre yog tsim los ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse M. Ible, tus neeg sawv cev ntawm pseudo-keeb kwm kev taw qhia ntawm European architecture.

Ua ntej kev tsim kho pib, tus kws kes duab vajtse yogCov xwm txheej tau teeb tsa: los tsim lub tsev uas, hauv nws cov khoom kim heev, tsuas yog thib ob rau Vienna Opera thiab dhau tag nrho lwm tus. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov peev nyiaj txiag loj tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim ua yeeb yam.

Tau qhib nws lub qhov rooj rau lub Cuaj Hlis 27, 1884, nws tau txais lub npe ntawm Royal Opera House, qhov twg tag nrho cov nom tswv ntawm lub peev tau sib sau ua yeeb yam. Ntau tus tau mus rau opera los saib ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam los ntawm ib qho ntawm cov kws sau nkauj zoo nkauj ntawm xyoo pua 19th. G. Puccini.

Npaj qhov tseeb

Empress Elisabeth ntawm Austria tau nyiam mus xyuas Royal Theatre hauv Budapest. Nws txawm muaj nws lub thawv nyob rau hauv thawj pem teb, uas yog hu ua "Sissy Box", vim hais tias tus poj niam nyob rau hauv incognito, nkaum los ntawm lub neej tom qab hnyav curtains. Thiab nws tau hla ntawm no tsis pub leej twg paub raws tus ntaiv muaj koob muaj npe sib txuas ntawm txoj kev thiab cov khw muag khoom hauv pem teb.

Kev tsim kho lub tsev zoo kawg nkaus ntawm kev ua yeeb yam yog lub zog rau lub sijhawm tshiab hauv kev txhim kho opera thiab ballet kos duab hauv lub xeev. Xyoo 1886, qhov kev tshwm sim tshwj xeeb tau tshwm sim - Budapest Opera Ball, qhov kev tuav txhua xyoo uas tseem yog qhov ua tau zoo, nyiam cov neeg tseem ceeb ntawm Hungary thiab lwm lub tebchaws rau qhov kev tshwm sim.

Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob, lub tsev tau xyaum tsis raug puas tsuaj, thiab kev ua yeeb yam tau rov pib dua xyoo 1945. Xyoo 1950, lub tsev tau nthuav dav thiab teeb pom kev zoo dua qub. Xyoo 1979, lub tsev pib poob rau hauv kev puas tsuaj, thiab nws tau txiav txim siab uaoverhaul.

Grand qhib tom qab tsim kho dua tshiab hauv xyoo 1984 nyob rau hnub 100th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm Royal Opera House hauv Budapest.

Building architecture

Lub ntsiab ntawm lub tsev yog nyob rau hauv neo-Renaissance, sab hauv siv baroque ornaments, ntau sculptures thiab paintings. Nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub nkag mus rau lub tsev yog sculptures ntawm ob lub Hungary tus nto moo composers: Franz Liszt thiab Franz Erkel. Lub tom kawg yog thawj tus thawj coj ua yeeb yam thiab tus kws sau nkauj uas tau sau ntau yam nkauj hu nkauj, suab paj nruag, thiab nkauj suab paj nruag.

Lub balustrade ntawm lub tsev yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cornice nrog 16 tus mlom ntawm cov neeg sau nto moo uas tsis tuaj yeem kov yeej lub sijhawm thiab tawg rov qab rau xyoo 1930. Thaum lub sijhawm kho dua tshiab, cov tshiab tau muab tso rau hauv lawv qhov chaw: cov duab ntawm C. Monteverdi, A. Scarlatti, K. V. Gluck, W. A. Mozart, L. Beethoven, G. Verdi, G. Rossini, R. Wagner, G. Donizetti, M. I. Glinka, C. Gounod, J. Bizet, M. Mussorgsky, P. I. Tchaikovsky, S. Monyushko, B. Smetana.

Nyob rau xyoo 19th, lub ntsej muag thiab txoj kev tau teeb pom kev hmo ntuj nrog lub teeb muag muag uas siv roj teeb, uas tau nthuav dav hauv Budapest xyoo 1856. Tam sim no lub tsev Budapest Opera House, nyob rau ntawm ib qho ntawm txoj kev hauv Central Andrássy, yog suav hais tias yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, nkag mus rau ib qho ntawm peb lub ntiaj teb sab saum toj opera scenes, tom qab La Scala hauv Milan thiab Grand Opera hauv Paris.

Theatre interior

Sab hauv ntawm Hungarian Opera yog qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom kim heev, marble, gilding,bronze thiab tej hauj lwm ntawm kos duab. Ib lub staircase zoo nkauj ua rau cov neeg saib nkag mus rau hauv theatre ua ntej mus rau chav tsev, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau hauv chav. Ntau lub busts, sculptures yog ntsia rau ntawm ob sab ntawm nws, paintings dai rau ntawm phab ntsa. Cov duab kos los ntawm Bertalan Szekely, Mor Tan thiab Karoly Lotz tuaj yeem pom hauv txoj kev hauv tsev thiab chav.

Lub Tsev Loj ntawm Hungarian Opera House hauv Budapest muaj lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj, uas ua rau nws zoo heev acoustics. Yuav luag txhua tus neeg saib zaum hauv ib qho ntawm 1261 lub rooj zaum zoo mloog txhua yam uas tshwm sim ntawm theem. Kev tuaj koom ua haujlwm yog li 90%. Raws li acoustic yam ntxwv, theatre yog thib peb hauv ntiaj teb.

Lwm chav nthuav dav uas tso cai rau koj kom txaus siab tsis yog qhov zoo nkauj xwb, tab sis kuj yog qhov noj qab haus huv ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib, yog buffet. Qhov chaw muag dej haus thiab khoom noj txom ncauj zoo li niaj hnub. Tab sis cov phab ntsa tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov duab qub qub thiab cov khoom dai, lub cim tseem ceeb uas yog Greek vajtswv Dionysus.

rau sab xis yog chav haus luam yeeb nrog lub npe romantic "hnia txoj kev". Raws li cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm, chav no, npog hauv cov pa luam yeeb tuab, ib zaug ua qhov chaw rau hnub rau cov ntxhais thiab cov tub. Tom qab tag nrho, cov kev lis kev cai nruj ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th txwv tsis pub cov rooj sib tham hauv ntiag tug, thiab cov pa taws hnyav tau zais lawv ntawm qhov muag ntawm cov neeg xav paub.

Thaum lub sijhawm cuam tshuam, cov neeg saib muaj sijhawm tawm mus rau lub sam thiaj kom txaus siab rau qhov pom zoo nkauj ntawm Andrássy Avenue, taws teeb thaum yav tsaus ntuj.

Lub tsev thiab nws keeb kwm

Cov rooj zaum hauv chav ua yeeb yam hauv Budapest yog qhov xis nyob heev thiab hnav hauv cov ntaub qhwv liab, tsom iav tau teeb tsa rau hauv lub thawv, muab ntim rau hauv gilded thav ntawv. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub tsev yog lub dome zoo nkauj, uas tau pleev xim los ntawm ntau tus kws txawj ua yeeb yam ntawm xyoo pua 19th. Kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub qab nthab yog ib qho zoo nkauj bronze chandelier uas hnyav tshaj 3 tons. Thaum xub thawj, nws yog roj, muaj 500 horns, cov nplaim taws uas tau ignited siv electromagnetic induction. Vim qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm kev tua cov chandelier uas twb muaj lawm, cov neeg tuaj saib tau saib ua yeeb yam nrog cov teeb pom kev zoo.

Lub chandelier tau rov tsim dua hauv xyoo 1980s: cov qij niaj hnub (220 daim) tau muab tso rau hauv nws, qee qhov raug tshem tawm kom nws qhov hnyav tam sim no yog 900 kg. Txhawm rau hloov lub teeb, koj yuav tsum txo nws tus kheej.

Lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev lub qab nthab yog nyob ntawm lub fresco los ntawm K. Lotz - "The Apotheosis of Music", uas tau raug suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm cov masterpieces ntawm fresco painting hauv Hungary. Lub voj voos no (45 m ntev) qhia txog 12 tus vajtswv ntawm Greek Olympus, uas tau mloog kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Apollo.

Muaj 3 tiers ntawm balconies ntawm ob sab ntawm lub tsev. Kev pom ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog qhov phem dua piv rau lwm tus, tab sis tus nqi qis ntawm cov chaw zoo li no nyiam qee cov neeg saib. Raws li lub sam thiaj kawg hauv qab lub qab nthab, cov npe ntawm txhua qhov kev ua yeeb yam nto moo uas tau tshwm sim hauv cov phab ntsa no tau teev nyob rau hauv thav ntawv.

Nruab nrab ntawm sab laug thiab sab xis ntawm lub sam thiaj, hauv nruab nrab yog lub thawv Thawj Tswj Hwm (yav tas losRoyal), dai kom zoo nkauj ntawm ob sab nrog cov duab puab, uas yog lub cim los ntawm lub suab operatic (bass, tenor, alto, soprano).

Thaum lub sijhawm ntev keeb kwm ntawm Hungarian Opera thiab Ballet Theatre ntawm Budapest, cov kws sau nkauj nto moo thiab cov suab paj nruag F. Erkel, G. Mahler (4 xyoo yog tus thawj coj), J. Puccini, A. Nikisz tau los ua qhov chaw. ntawm tus thawj coj. O. Klemperer (tus thawj coj suab paj nruag), J. Ferenchik thiab B. Bartok kuj ua haujlwm hauv theatre.

Tshaj li 120-xyoo keeb kwm ntawm Hungarian Opera House, ntau tus neeg ua yeeb yam tau tuaj xyuas ntawm no: opera singers Pavarotti, Caruso, P. Domingo thiab Carreras.

Theatre repertoire

Lub caij ua yeeb yam feem ntau pib txij lub Cuaj Hli mus txog rau lub Rau Hli. Kev ua yeeb yam yog ob qho tib si opera thiab ballet. Lub theatre repertoire suav nrog txog 40-50 kev ua yeeb yam, txog 130 qhov kev ua yeeb yam tau muab txhua xyoo. Rau connoisseurs ntawm opera art, qhov kev pab cuam muaj xws li "Aida" los ntawm G. Verdi, "Faust" los ntawm C. Gaunod, "Kev sib yuav ntawm Figaro" los ntawm Mozart.

Lub repertoire ntawm Hungarian opera suav nrog Wagner's The Flying Dutchman, Strauss's The Die Fledermaus, Tchaikovsky's The Nutcracker thiab Vajnonen, Verdi's The Robbers, Bartók's Castle, Mario thiab Wajda's The Magician, Richard Strauss 'A. Verdi's Stiffelio, Rameau's Hippolyte thiab Arisia, Strauss' Rosencavalier, Rossini's The Barber of Seville, Verdi's Trovatore, Mozart's Magic Flute, Verdi's Aida thiab ntau lwm tus.

Kev ua yeeb yam Ballet uas tau ua tiav rau ntawm theem: "Valkyrie" los ntawm R. Wagner, "Manon" (hauv peb txoj haujlwm). Cov menyuam yaus ua yeeb yam:"Instrumental Magic" (rau cov me nyuam 4-7 xyoos).

Daim pib mus rau Budapest Opera tuaj yeem yuav hauv online lossis ntawm qhov chaw ua yeeb yam, tus nqi pib ntawm 1.5 txhiab forints. Txhua qhov kev ua yeeb yam yog qhov xav tau los ntawm pej xeem, sau cov lus tawm tswv yim los ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib, qhuas qhov zoo nkauj ntawm lub tsev qub thiab cov khoom zoo nkauj ntawm kev ua yeeb yam thiab kev ua yeeb yam ballet.

Qhov chaw thiab tsheb thauj mus los

Lub Tsev Haujlwm Hungarian nyob hauv thaj chaw muaj koob npe Terézváros ntawm Budapest ntawm Andrássy Avenue (Andrássy út 22). Tsis deb ntawm nws koj tuaj yeem pom cov khw nrov ntawm cov npe nrov Hungarian thiab lub ntiaj teb, cov khw noj mov thiab kim kim thiab tsev so.

Lub sijhawm ua yeeb yam: thaum sawv ntxov los ntawm 10.00 mus txog rau thaum yav tsaus ntuj ua yeeb yam. Cov chaw ua haujlwm pib pib txij thaum 11.00 txog 17.00 (hnub ua haujlwm thiab hnub Saturday), hnub Sunday - txij 16.00 mus rau qhov pib ua yeeb yam.

Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los mus rau Budapest Opera yog los ntawm metro, qhov chaw nres tsheb ze tshaj plaws hu ua "Opera" thiab nyob ntawm kab kab M1 txiv kab ntxwv. Tsheb npav 105 thiab 979 kuj dhau los ntawm theatre.

Tours

Nyob hauv lub tsev ntawm Hungarian Opera hauv Budapest, coj kev ncig xyuas txhua hnub rau cov neeg tuaj ncig ua si hauv ntau hom lus. Pib ntawm 15.00 thiab 16.00. Rau cov neeg uas xav mus xyuas lub tsev thaum hmo ntuj, koj tuaj yeem ua qhov kev txiav txim tshwj xeeb ntawm lub vev xaib opera. Daim pib nqi - los ntawm 700 forints.

Qhov kev zov me nyuam muaj ntau yam lus, suav nrog Askiv, Fabkis, German, Italian, Nyiv thiab Lavxias. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev mus ncig ua si hauv Budapest Opera hauv Lavxias tsuas yog muaj ob zaug hauv ib lub lis piam: Tuesday thiab Friday los ntawm15.00 – 16.00 dr hab. Daim pib nqi 2900 forints (10 euros), kev tso cai thaij duab 500. Duration - 40 min.

Modern building renovation

tsoomfwv Hungarian tau txiav txim siab xyoo 2017 thiab 2018 mus ua ib tug grandiose reconstruction ntawm lub tsev ntawm Opera tsev nyob rau hauv Budapest. Cov cuab yeej siv thev naus laus zis ntawm theem yuav raug kho dua tshiab thiab cov chaw cia khoom yuav raug kho. Thaum lub sijhawm kho dua tshiab, nws kuj tau txiav txim siab ntxiv thiab tsim ib chav tshwj xeeb ntxiv rau 400 lub rooj rau cov suab paj nruag chamber, uas yuav hu ua Eiffel Art Studios.

Tshaj li 5 xyoos dhau los, kev ua haujlwm kho dua tshiab tau ua nyob rau sab hauv ntawm lub tsev. Thaum lub sijhawm lawv, ntau cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj tau rov qab los, thiab kev nkag ntxiv tau qhib los ntawm Hajos Street. Tam sim no daim pib rau txhua qhov kev ua yeeb yam tau muag, kev ua yeeb yam yuav muaj nyob rau ntawm theem.

Theatre's ncig ua si npaj

Thaum lub tsev tab tom tsim kho, lub tsev ua yeeb yam tau npaj ntau thiab ntau ncig ncig lub tebchaws thiab nroog hauv ntiaj teb. Yog li, thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2018, Hungarian Opera los ntawm Budapest yuav mus ncig ua si loj hauv Tebchaws Meskas raws li ib feem ntawm pab pawg ntawm 350 tus neeg. Lawv yuav ua 4 qhov kev ua yeeb yam ("Bank Ban" los ntawm tus kws sau ntawv F. Erkel, "Tus Poj huab tais ntawm Sheba" los ntawm K. Goldmark, "Mario the Magician" los ntawm J. Wajda thiab "Bluebeard's Castle" los ntawm Bartok) thiab 3 kev ua yeeb yam ballet ("Swan Lake" los ntawm Tchaikovsky, "Don Quixote" thiab niaj hnub ballet los ntawm Hans van Maen). Cov kev hais kwv txhiaj nthuav qhia cov neeg hu nkauj Hungarian, nrog cov neeg muaj npe nrov B althazar Larslow ua yeeb yam hauv Bank Ban.

Hungarian Opera -tib qhov chaw hauv Budapest qhov chaw suab paj nruag, ntawv nyeem, seev cev, ua yeeb yam, kos duab, choreography thiab architecture zoo sib xws.

Budapest Opera Hotel

Tsis deb ntawm Hungarian Opera House ntawm txoj kev ntsiag to muaj ib lub tsev so me me nrog chav sib txawv. Nws qhov chaw nyob: st. Revay, 24 (Revay utca 24). Lub npe tiag tiag: K+K Hotel Opera (“K+K Hotel Opera”, Budapest).

Cov neeg uas tuaj rau hauv lub nroog Hungary rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev mus saib thiab koom kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Opera thiab Ballet Theatre yuav pom tias nws yooj yim nyob hauv lub tsev so me me. Cov chav tuaj yeem xaiv tau raws li qib kev nplij siab thiab tus nqi (tus nqi pib ntawm 7 txhiab rubles ib hnub).

Ntawm K+K Hotel Opera hauv Budapest, koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov chav tsev rau txhua qhov saj, thiab nws qhov chaw yooj yim thiab cov zaub mov qab yuav zoo siab rau txhua tus neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi thiab nyiam ua yeeb yam hauv lub neej.