National costume yog kab lis kev cai, keeb kwm, keeb kwm keeb kwm ntawm ib haiv neeg, dhau los ntawm ib tiam dhau ib tiam. Cov khaub ncaws Armenian zoo kawg nkaus qhia txog kev coj noj coj ua thiab keeb kwm ntawm nws cov neeg.
Keeb kwm ntawm Armenian pej xeem costume
Keeb kwm ntawm Armenians ua ib lub teb chaws pib thaum xyoo pua 9 BC. txij li thaum tsim ntawm Urartian lub nceeg vaj. Lub teb chaws no thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej tau raug kev tawm tsam los ntawm cov neeg txawv teb chaws thiab kev tsim txom los ntawm cov cheeb tsam tsim, thiab kuj tau ntsib ntau xyoo nyuaj ntawm kev tswj hwm los ntawm txawv teb chaws lub xeev. Kev ua tsov ua rog ntawm kev kov yeej cuam tshuam nrog lub sijhawm ntawm kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb, thaum kab lis kev cai thiab kab lis kev cai tau vam meej. Yog li ntawd, cov khaub ncaws ntawm Armenians muaj ob lub ntsiab lus rau nqa riam phom thiab cov ntsiab lus qiv los ntawm cov khaub ncaws ntawm cov neeg uas lawv cuam tshuam (Persians, Tatar-Mongols, Byzantines, Iranians, Arabs, Greeks, Suav). Ntxiv mus, thaum tsov rog nrog Persians, cov Armenians tau conditionally muab faib ua Western thiab Eastern. Qhov kev sib cais tom qab no cuam tshuam cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub teb chaws costume ntawm ob leeg.
Tom qab txoj hauv kev keeb kwm ntev, dhau los ua ntau yam metamorphoses, Armenian pej xeem hnav khaub ncaws, piav qhia uas yuavnthuav tawm rau koj mloog hauv kab lus, khaws nws cov originality.
poj niam suit
Tus poj niam Armenian pej xeem hnav khaub ncaws "taraz" ib txwm muaj lub tsho ntev, paj ntoo, arkhaluka lossis hnav khaub ncaws thiab daim ntaub (tsis nyob hauv txhua cheeb tsam).
Lub tsho, los yog "chalav", yog dawb (sab hnub poob) lossis liab (sab hnub tuaj), ntev, nrog sab wedges thiab lub tes tsho ncaj. Lub caj dab "halava" yog puag ncig, lub hauv siab tau qhib nrog lub caj dab ntev, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog paj ntaub. Hauv qab lub tsho, lawv hnav ris tsho hauv qab "pohan" ntawm cov xim liab nrog kev sib dhos hauv qab. Lawv qhib ib feem tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog kub-tone paj ntaub. Los ntawm saum toj no lawv muab tso rau "arkhaluk" - ntev caftan ntawm ci (ntsuab, liab, ntshav) xim. Qhov kev txiav ntawm archaluk muab rau ib qho khawm nkaus xwb ntawm lub duav, ib qho zoo nkauj neckline ntawm lub hauv siab thiab txiav los ntawm tus ncej puab ntawm ob sab, faib nws hem rau hauv peb qhov chaw. "Gognots", los yog apron, tau hnav los ntawm Armenian cov poj niam ntawm thaj tsam sab hnub poob. Nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam sab hnub tuaj, nws tsis yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov khaub ncaws. Lub tsho thiab ris tau sewn tsuas yog los ntawm paj rwb. Arkhaluk tuaj yeem yog silk, chintz lossis satin. Qhov zoo ntawm cov ntaub yog nyob ntawm kev ruaj ntseg nyiaj txiag ntawm tsev neeg.
Nyob rau hnub so, Armenian cov poj niam hnav khaub ncaws "mintana" elegant ntawm arkhaluk. "Mintana" rov hais dua qhov kev txiav ntawm archaluk hauv silhouette, tab sis tsis muaj ib sab slits ntawm hnav ris tsho. Lub tes tsho ntawm hnav ris tsho nrog slits los ntawm lub luj tshib mus rau lub dab teg tau edged nrog ib tug zoo nkauj nyias braid nrog ib tug khawm kaw los yog ib tug bracelet.
Nyob rau thaj tsam sab hnub poob, cov poj niam cov khaub ncaws muaj ntau haiv neeg. Es tsis txhob arkhaluk, lawv hnav ib tiab, txiav uasmuab rau sab slits los ntawm lub duav kab, nrog rau lub tes tsho flared. Lawv hu ua xws li ib tug hnav ris tsho "antari" los yog "zpun". Nws yog sewn los ntawm paj rwb thiab txhob lo lo ntxhuav.
Saum "antari" lawv hnav khaub ncaws tsis muaj sab slits, hu ua "juppa", "khrha", "khatifa" los yog "tsis meej pem". Tag nrho cov no ntau yam ntawm dresses txawv nyob rau hauv txiav thiab ntaub. Lawv tsuas yog qhov tshwj xeeb yog lub tes tsho "antari" yuav tsum qhib los ntawm hauv qab lub tes tsho ntawm tiab.
"Gognots" - apron nrog ib txoj siv nyias, muaj cov khoom ntawm paj ntaub los ntawm ci braid. Cov lus: "Nyob rau hauv kev noj qab haus huv" tau embroidered rau ntawm txoj siv. Ib txoj siv dav los yog ib txoj phuam ua los ntawm cov ntaub lo lo ntxhuav los yog ntaub plaub hloov nws ib txwm khi rau ntawm arkhaluk lossis hnav ris tsho. Cov poj niam nplua nuj Armenian hnav kub thiab nyiaj siv.
Thaum tawm hauv tsev, ib tug poj niam yuav tsum muab daim ntaub thaiv npog tag nrho lub cev. Nws yog woven los ntawm zoo woolen ntaub. Cov ntxhais hluas hnav daim ntaub dawb, cov poj niam laus xaiv cov ntxoov xiav.
Nyob rau hauv qhov txias, Armenian cov poj niam tau sov so nrog lub tsho ntev sov ntawm liab velvet trimmed nrog hma liab los yog marten fur.
poj niam cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub
Jewellery tsis yog qhov chaw kawg hauv daim duab ntawm tus poj niam Armenian. Cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub tau sau tag nrho lub neej thiab dhau los ntawm ib tiam dhau ib tiam.
Cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub tau hnav rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub cev: ntawm caj dab, hauv siab, caj npab thiab ceg, pob ntseg, lub tuam tsev thiab hauv pliaj. Hauv qee pawg neeg, cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub turquoise tau muab tso rau hauv lub qhov ntswg.
Headdresses ntawm Armenian poj niam
Lub taub hau ntawm Western thiab Armenian poj niamEastern Armenia txawv heev. Cov poj niam Eastern Armenian hnav lub kaus mom qis ua los ntawm paj rwb npuag soaked nyob rau hauv muab tshuaj txhuam. Ib lub ribbon nrog cov paj los yog geometric ornament tau muab tso rau ntawm lub kaus mom pem hauv ntej. Ib lub ribbon nrog cov nyiaj npib muaj nuj nqis tau khi hauv qab lub kaus mom ntawm lub hauv pliaj, thiab whiskey tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog pob lossis corals. Ib txoj phuam dawb tau khi rau saum, npog sab nraub qaum ntawm lub taub hau, caj dab thiab ib feem ntawm lub ntsej muag. Thiab nyob rau sab saum toj lawv npog ib txoj phuam ntsuab lossis liab.
Cov poj niam sab hnub poob Armenian nyiam hnav lub taub hau ntoo siab - "cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj" thiab " pawg ntseeg". Lub "miv" nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej yog sheathed nyob rau hauv velvet nrog pearl paj ntaub qhia txog lub ntuj, hnub qub thiab lub hnub. Amulets ua los ntawm nyiaj daim hlau tau sewn rau velvet. "Ward" txawv tsuas yog nyob rau hauv paj ntaub depicting lub vaj Eden, noog thiab paj. Nyob rau sab ntawm "vard" ib lub pob loj tau txuas nrog, ribbons nrog ob kab ntawm cov nyiaj npib kub tau muab tso rau ntawm lub hauv pliaj, qhov loj tshaj plaws npib flaunted nyob rau hauv nruab nrab. Lub cev ntu tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov hlua ntawm pearls. "Ward" tau hnav rau saum lub kaus mom liab nrog lub tassel.
Cov ntxhais tsis tau sib yuav braided ntau braids sib xyaw nrog cov ntaub plaub, uas muab ntim rau lawv cov plaub hau. Cov pigtails tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov pob thiab tassels. Lub taub hau tau npog nyob rau sab hnub tuaj nrog txoj phuam qhwv caj dab, thiab sab hnub poob nrog lub kaus mom tsis muaj tassel.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txiv neej lub teb chaws cov khaub ncaws ntawm Eastern Armenians suav nrog lub tsho, paj ntaub, arkhaluk thiab "chuha".
"Shapik" yog lub tsho ua los ntawm cov paj rwb lossis cov ntaub lo lo ntxhuav, nrog lub dab tshos qis, nrog rau cov hlua khi ntawm sab. Ces cov Armenians muab tso raudav trousers "shalvar" ua los ntawm xiav paj rwb los yog ntaub ntaub woolen. Nyob rau hauv lub duav rov sauv, ib tug braid nrog tassels ntawm qhov kawg tau muab tso rau hauv lub "shalvar" seam. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm "shapika" thiab "shalvar" lawv hnav "arkhaluk". Archaluk ua los ntawm paj rwb los yog txhob lo lo ntxhuav yog fastened nrog hooks los yog me me nyees khawm, pib ntawm lub stand-up dab tshos thiab xaus nrog lub hem mus rau lub hauv caug. Ces ib tug "chukha" (Circassian) tau muab tso rau ntawm "arkhaluk". Lub tsho Circassian ntev tshaj li "arkhaluk", tau sewn los ntawm cov ntaub plaub thiab ib txwm hnav los ntawm tus txiv neej thaum tawm hauv tsev. Qhov kev txiav ntawm Circassian pom zoo lub tes tsho ntev folding thiab ib lub hem sib sau ntawm lub duav. Lawv girded lub "chukha" nrog ib tug tawv los yog inlaid nyiaj siv. Thaum lub caij ntuj no, cov txiv neej hnav tsho ntev sheepskin.
Wardrobe of Armenians nyob rau thaj tsam sab hnub poob txawv me ntsis ntawm lawv cov neeg nyob sab hnub tuaj. Cov txiv neej Armenian pej xeem hnav khaub ncaws ntawm no muaj lub tsho, ris tsho, caftan thiab lub tsho.
Nyob rau thaj tsam sab hnub poob, cov ntaub rau lub tsho, nrog rau paj rwb thiab lo lo ntxhuav, tau woven los ntawm tshis plaub hau. Vartik bloomers tau nqaim hauv qab thiab qhwv hauv ntaub. Hloov chaw ntawm arkhaluk, "Yelek" caftan tau muab tso rau ntawm lub tsho, thiab lub tsho "bachkon" sab saud tau hnav rau nws. "Bachkon" tau khi nyob rau hauv ob peb txheej ntawm lub duav nrog ib tug dav ntaub scarf. Riam phom, nyiaj, luam yeeb tau khaws cia rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Thaum lub caij txias, lawv khaws cia sov nrog tshis plaub tsho sleeveless.
Armenian headdress
Cov txiv neej hnav ntau lub kaus mom ua los ntawm cov plaub, ntaub plaub lossis ntaub. Cov kaus mom Astrakhan tau ua nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Armenia. Qee cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg hnav lub kaus mom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub khob hliav qab nrog paj ntaub liablus qhia. Nyob rau sab hnub poob, cov kaus mom knitted los ntawm monophonic los yog ntau xim (nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm liab) ntaub plaub tau hnav nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm hemisphere. Nyob rau saum cov kaus mom zoo li no, ib txoj phuam qhwv caj dab nrog plait tau khi.
khau
Hom khau feem ntau ntawm Armenians, ob leeg txiv neej thiab poj niam, yog khau khau "peb" ua los ntawm nyuj tawv. Peb tau qhov txawv ntawm qhov ntswg qhov ntswg thiab ntev laces encircling lub shin mus rau hauv caug. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khaub ncaws hnav yog thom khwm. Lawv tau knitted ob qho tib si dawb thiab xim. Gulpa poj niam nkawm thom khwm yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsoos Armenian costume. Lawv keeb kwm pib txij thaum pib ntawm lub hav zoov ntawm Urartian lub nceeg vaj thiab txuas ntxiv mus txog rau nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Cov thom khwm txawm yog ib feem ntawm tus nkauj nyab tus dowry. Cov txiv neej "ceg" lossis "windings" kuj tau knitted los ntawm cov ntaub plaub los yog sewn los ntawm ntaub. Lawv hnav thom khwm thiab laced.
Cov poj niam hnav cov ntiv taw ntiv taw nrog pob taws me me ua lawv nkawm khau yav tsaus ntuj. Lawv tau ua los ntawm tawv, ib leeg yog tawv. Cov khau zoo li no tau sawv cev los ntawm ntau tus qauv. Txawm li cas los xij, tus poj niam yuav tsum tau hnav cov thom khwm hauv qab khau txhawm rau txhawm rau tuav ciam teb ntawm kev ncaj ncees.
Peb muaj ntau dua nyob hauv lub tebchaws, thaum nyob hauv nroog cov txiv neej hnav khau tawv dub thiab cov poj niam hnav khau tawv.
Khau nyob rau sab hnub poob txawv me ntsis. Ntawm no, cov txiv neej thiab cov poj niam hnav cov khau taw taw solera, ntawm qhov heels ntawm tus nees nees tau nailed. Cov poj niam khau tau daj, ntsuab, liab, txiv neej - liab thiab dub. Flat-soled khau looj plab hlaub kuj nrov.leej twg hnav mules nrog heels. Cov txiv neej, ntxiv rau cov khau, hnav khau tawv tawv liab.
Xim hauv Armenian lub teb chaws costume
Cov khaub ncaws Armenian pej xeem, daim duab uas koj pom hauv kab lus, yog qhov txawv ntawm nws qhov ci thiab xim saturation. Hauv cov txiv neej, cov xim palette yog txwv ntau dua li cov poj niam, tsaus ntuj lossis dawb ntxoov ntxoo predominate. Eastern Armenians muaj ntau yam xim ntawm khaub ncaws ntau dua li Western.
Cov khaub ncaws poj niam feem ntau yog sawv cev los ntawm ob xim: liab thiab ntsuab. Txhua xim yog ib lub cim tshwj xeeb. Los ntawm lub sij hawm immemorial, liab tau suav hais tias yog xim ntawm kev vam meej, kev hlub thiab fertility. Ntsuab xim qhia lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, kev vam meej thiab cov hluas. Lub tshoob tiab ntawm ib tug poj niam Armenian ua ke ob qho tib si ntawm cov xim no. Liab yog lub cim ntawm kev sib yuav, yog li ntawd ib tug poj niam hnav ib lub tsho liab.cov poj niam laus hnav xiav. Xim xiav txhais tau tias muaj hnub nyoog laus, kev tuag. Rau Armenians, nws tau hu ua xim ntawm kev quaj ntsuag. Thiab nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tau nto moo rau nws lub zog kho los ntawm qhov muag phem thiab kev puas tsuaj. Cov xim xiav tau siv rau kev koom ua ke los ntawm cov khawv koob hauv zos.
Dub xim yog txuam nrog dab phem. Cov khaub ncaws dub tau hnav thaum lub sij hawm kev quaj ntsuag. Cov poj niam hluas raug tso cai hnav cov ris tsho dub tsuas yog tom qab lawv tus txiv tuag. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, nws raug suav hais tias yog qhov txaus ntshai vim tias ntshai ntawm kev ua tsis tiav ntawm kev ua me nyuam. Cov xim dawb, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, tau hwm tshwj xeeb, suav tias nws tau koob hmoov. Piv txwv li, ib lub tsho dawb nrog rau kev cai raus dej ntawm tus menyuam mos thiab lub ntees tuag ntawm tus tuag.
Armenians zam daj, txiav txim siab nws ximKev laus, kab mob, cuam tshuam nrog cov xim daj ntawm cov kua tsib.
Khoom plig hauv tebchaws Armenians
Cov xim zoo nkauj ntawm Armenian khaub ncaws tsis yog tsuas yog lub cim ntawm kev coj noj coj ua, tab sis kuj yog ib hom dab neeg txog keeb kwm ntawm tib neeg, txog kev zoo nkauj ntawm thaj av uas cov neeg no nyob, txog lawv nyob thiab ua.
Keeb kwm, ornamental symbolism muaj, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, ib tug tej yam yees siv orientation. Ornaments thiab cov qauv tau nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov chaw qhib ntawm lub cev (caj dab, caj npab, ceg), zoo li tiv thaiv lawv tus tswv ntawm dab phem. Belts, aprons, bibs, thom khwm muaj lub ntsiab lus zoo ib yam. Armenian craftswomen siv ntau yam txuj ci rau kev siv ornaments: paj ntaub, appliqués, knitting, heels. Cov ntaub ntawv kuj muaj ntau yam: hlaws, nyees khawm, hlaws, ntau yam zoo threads (xws li kub thiab nyiaj) thiab, kuj ceeb tias, ntses nplai.
Cov Khoom Plig ntawm Armenian pej xeem costume tau siv rau ntawm ib qho ntawm cov ncauj lus hauv qab no:
- flora;
- fauna;
- geometric duab.
Kuj kos duab kos duab qhia txog vaj tse, tshwj xeeb hauv pawg ntseeg.
paj ornament
Ncees, twigs, nplooj feem ntau embroidered los ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Ntoo yog ib yam khoom ntawm kev pe hawm ntawm Armenians, raws li lawv tau suav hais tias yog lub cim ntawm fertility, motherhood. Cov kab wavy, lub ntsiab lus ceg, tau siv rau ntawm ciam teb ntawm aprons, thiab qhov no yog lub cim ntawm kev tsis txawj tuag ntawm tus ntsuj plig.
Cov duab paj tau siv rau cov khaub ncaws ntawm cov ntxhais dawb huv ua lub cim ntawm kev dawb huv thiab cov hluas.
Almond-puab cov qauv feem ntau suav nrog hauv cov khoom dai, uas, raws li kev ntseeg nrov, tiv thaiv los ntawm cov neeg phem.
Images of the animal world
Los ntawm lub ntiaj teb ntawm fauna koj tuaj yeem pom cov duab ntawm nab, roosters, artiodactyl horns. Horns txhais tau tias fertility, we alth. Cov nab tau piav qhia tsis yog ntawm cov khaub ncaws xwb, tab sis kuj yog riam phom, khoom siv hauv tsev, thiab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Tus nab yog lub cim ntawm kev vam meej, tsev neeg kev zoo siab.
Tus qaib tau hwm tshwj xeeb los ntawm Armenians thiab yog tus patron ntawm tus nkauj nyab thiab nraug vauv ntawm lub tshoob. Rooster feathers nyob rau hauv lub tshoob headdress ntawm ib tug txiv neej.
Geometric qauv
Geometric qauv tau dominates lub voj voog, squares, rhombuses, daim duab peb sab thiab crosses. Tag nrho cov nuj nqis nqa ib qho kev txhais. Lub voj voog, zoo ib yam li lub qe, tus menyuam hauv plab, lub cim lub neej, ua haujlwm tiv thaiv.
Lub square kuj hu ua talisman. Nws daim duab nqa ib tug tob semantic load. Plaub sab tuaj yeem muab piv nrog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam nrog plaub - cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, caij nyoog hauv ib xyoos, tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntsiab lus. Kev sib tshuam ntawm kab rov tav (poj niam kab) thiab kab ntsug (txiv neej kab) nqa lub npe ntawm fertilization. Yog li ntawd, tus ntoo khaub lig thiab square symbolize fertility. Rhombuses thiab triangles tau siv tsuas yog rau cov poj niam cov khaub ncaws. Lawv cim tus txiv neej (lub apex ntawm daim duab peb sab yog qhia upwards) thiab poj niam (lub apex ntawm daim duab peb sab yog qhia downwards). Lub rhombus txhais tau tias lawv sib koom ua ke rau hauv ib qho tag nrho, uas kuj txhais tau tiasfertility.
Yuav ua li cas kos tus Armenian pej xeem costume?
Kev kos ib qho kev hnav tsoos pej xeem yog qhov nyuaj heev. Armenian, vim muaj cov ornaments complex, ntau cov ntsiab lus, yog ib puas lub sij hawm nyuaj. Tab sis nws tsim nyog sim, vim tias qhov tshwm sim yuav yog ib daim duab uas qhia tag nrho cov splendor ntawm cov khaub ncaws. Koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo thiab ua tib zoo mus hla ntau theem:
- Ua ib daim duab qhia txog tag nrho cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov khaub ncaws, hwm cov proportions.
- Kaw tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khaub ncaws, suav nrog cov khoom me me.
- Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los qhia nkhaus, yoj, chiaroscuro hauv daim duab.
- Kos cov qauv, ornaments thiab decorations.
- Kev pleev xim ntawm Armenian pej xeem hnav khaub ncaws yuav tsum tau ua tom qab kawm txog kev sib xyaw ntawm lub teb chaws xim.
Tus qauv npaj txhij.
Kom paub txog lub ntiaj teb ntau yam ntawm cov kab lis kev cai zoo Armenian, nws txaus los kawm tag nrho cov ntsiab lus me tshaj plaws ntawm lub teb chaws costume ntawm cov neeg no. Txhua lub ntsiab lus yuav teb ntau cov lus nug. Kev zoo nkauj, kev hlub rau lub neej, rau lub teb chaws, lub hiav txwv ntawm lub zog zoo thiab, ntawm chav kawm, lub siab tawv thiab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov neeg yog intertwined nyob rau hauv lub Armenian pej xeem costume.
