Cov tub ntxhais hluas naturalists yog cov kws tshawb fawb tshiab. Keeb kwm ntawm cov tsos thiab niaj hnub kev muaj tiag

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:59

Young naturalist yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm ib tug me nyuam lub voj voog uas cov me nyuam kawm natural sciences thiab xwm. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, ib tug beginner naturalist.

History of Appearance

Rov qab rau xyoo 1918, nyob rau sab nrauv ntawm Moscow, ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Sokolnicheskaya hav zoov, uas muaj ciam teb nrog hav zoov ntawm Pogonno-Losiny Island, thawj qhov chaw nres tsheb ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas naturalists tau tsim. Tom qab ntawd lawv hu ua kev kawm txawv me ntsis - me nyuam lub chaw ua liaj ua teb. Txij li xyoo 1930, cov menyuam yaus zoo sib xws lub voj voog pib qhib txhua qhov chaw. Thaum pib xyoo 1975, muaj txog 500 lub chaw nres tsheb thoob plaws hauv lub tebchaws USSR.

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb:

• kev hlub rau ntuj;
• kawm thiab tiv thaiv ib puag ncig;
• kev cob qhia hauv kev ua liaj ua teb.

Lub rooj sib tham, rooj sib tham thiab tshuaj xyuas cov haujlwm tau ua tsis tu ncua. Cov me nyuam hnub so rau hnub ntawm Hav Zoov, kev sau qoob loo tau teeb tsa. Cov menyuam yaus raug coj mus ncig ua si rau hav zoov, botanical vaj thiab cov chaw tshawb fawb lom neeg, ua liaj ua teb thiab xeev ua liaj ua teb.

Ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas naturalists feem ntau muaj lub voj voog profile, thiab thaum lub caij ntuj sov qhib lub chaw pw hav zoov. Cov voj voog thiab chaw nres tsheb zoo li no tau txais txij li hnub nyoog 6 xyoo.

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Txij li xyoo 1928, ib lub hlis twg rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv txog biology, natural science thiab ecology tau luam tawm tsis tu ncua. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov kws kho mob yog los qhia cov tub ntxhais hluas hauv kev hlub rau ib puag ncig thiab Niam Txiv. Tsuas yog xyoo 1941 txog 1965 xwb tsis tau luam tawm. Hauv qee lub xyoo, cov ntawv xov xwm yog qhov xav tau loj heev, nrog kev ncig mus txog 4 lab.

Lub sijhawm ncua sij hawm kuj tseem xav tau ntawm cov kws tshaj lij thiab cov kws sau ntawv nto moo. Prishvin M. M., Michurin I. V., Rakhilin V. K., Obruchev V. A. thiab lwm tus tau tshaj tawm lawv cov ntawv hauv nws.

Tus tub ntxhais hluas naturalist paub tseeb tias hauv phau ntawv xov xwm tom ntej nws yuav pom cov npe hauv qab no:

• "Secrets of the seas and oceans";
• "Pab ntawm Phau Ntawv Liab";
• "Ib puas phooj ywg ntawm ib puas suits";
• "Aibolit cov lus qhia" thiab lwm tus.

Oddly txaus, tab sis cov ntawv tshaj tawm tswj kev tawm tsam, thiab nws tau luam tawm rau hnub no, tab sis, ntawm chav kawm, tsis nyob rau qhov ntsuas.

Modern nature lovers

Nyob hauv peb lub tebchaws, kev txav ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas naturalists tau raug khaws cia. Qhov no yog cov menyuam yaus lub club uas cov tsiaj khaws cia, uas cov neeg xav tau tuaj yeem saib xyuas. Lub voj voog tso cai rau koj los txhim kho cov txuj ci ntawm kev khaws thiab pub tsiaj, tu cov nroj tsuag. Lawm, cov me nyuam tswj kom quench lawv nqhis dej rau kev sib txuas lus nrog cov tsiaj qus. Hauv cov voj voog zoo li no, lawv tsis tsuas yog saib xyuas cov neeg sawv cev ntawm flora thiab fauna, tab sis kuj tau txais kev paub ntxiv hauv zoology thiab biology.

Novosibirsk chaw nres tsheb rau cov hluas naturalists

Lab xyoo tas losIb puag ncig kev kawm lub koom haum ntawm Cytology thiab noob caj noob ces ntawm Siberian ceg ntawm Lavxias teb sab Academy ntawm Sciences ua kev zoo siab rau nws 50th hnub tseem ceeb. Lub voj voog, qhib rau xyoo 1966, hu ua Chaw Nres Tsheb ntawm Cov Hluas Naturalists.

Cov menyuam yaus niaj hnub no yog cov tub thiab ntxhais hnub nyoog 5 txog 18 xyoo. Lub chaw soj nstuam tau koom nrog kev tshaj tawm thiab kev coj ua haujlwm ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm theem siab hauv thaj chaw geology thiab biology, natural science. Cov menyuam yaus raug qhia kom hwm qhov xwm txheej. Kev mus ntsib lub voj voog yog kev yeem thiab dawb, nws suav nrog ntau lub koom haum ntawm kev txaus siab:

• zooology;
• physiology;
• geology thiab minerals;
• tsiaj ecology thiab lwm yam.

Raws li 50 xyoo ntawm kev xyaum qhia, cov tub ntxhais hluas naturalists yog cov neeg uas muaj lub siab xav xaiv lawv txoj haujlwm yav tom ntej thiab ua tib zoo xaiv lub tsev kawm ntawv. Cov tub ntxhais hluas uas tau txais kev cob qhia hauv lub voj voog txaus siab los ua tus cob qhia rau cov pib naturalists. Cov menyuam yaus koom nrog hauv nroog tsis tu ncua thiab tag nrho-Lavxias kev sib tw, olympiads. Cov rooj sib tham (cov tub ntxhais hluas sib pauv) tau muaj nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm Lavxias-German cov hluas ib puag ncig project.

Nyob hauv lub voj voog, cov kws qhia ntawv yog cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm Siberian ceg ntawm Lavxias Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb, Lub Tsev Haujlwm ntawm Mineralogy thiab Geology, Genetics thiab Cytology. Tshaj li ib nrab xyoo ntawm keeb kwm, kwv yees li 10 txhiab tus menyuam kawm ntawv tau kawm ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb, ntau tus tau dhau los ua cov kws tshaj lij los ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Siberian ceg ntawm Lavxias Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb, cov kws qhia ntawv, kws kho mob ntawm science.

Yugra hluas

Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua cheeb tsam txaus siab rau cov tsev kawm ntawv ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas naturalists. Nyob rau hauv cov nplua nuj Khanty-Mansiysk Okrug, tsis muaj nqithaj chaw khaws cia ib lub tsev zoo nkauj mini hauv nroog Surgut, nrog rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv, cov neeg nyiam nyob hauv nroog Khanty-Mansiysk.

Nyob rau hauv Surgut, tau ntau xyoo, cov tub ceev xwm hauv nroog tau cog lus tias yuav qhib lub qhov rooj ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb tsis tiav uas nws tau npaj los qhia cov menyuam yaus thiab tuav lub mini-zoo. Los ntawm txoj kev, muaj yuav luag 1.5 txhiab tus tub ntxhais kawm nyob hauv lub voj voog. Lub mini zoo muaj 208 hom tsiaj. Ntau tshaj 400 hom nroj tsuag tuaj yeem pom hauv tsev cog khoom. Lub vaj tsiaj yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Euro-Asian Association of Zoos thiab Aquariums.

Hnub no, Surgut hluas naturalists yog cov menyuam yaus huddled hauv chav xwm txheej ceev, nrog rau tsiaj thiab nroj tsuag. Raws li qee cov lus ceeb toom, lub tsev tshiab tsis tau npaj kom ua tiav, thiab cov thawj coj hauv chaw nres tsheb yuav tau txiav txim siab seb puas yuav kho dua qhov qub.

Tsiaj txhu tsis nyob hauv qhov zoo tshaj plaws, muaj cov zaub mov tsis tu ncua, uas tau ntxiv los ntawm cov neeg saib xyuas hauv nroog. Tseeb, nyob rau hauv cov phab ntsa ntawm lub voj voog, lawv muab kev pab rau txhua tus tsiaj uas tswj kom muaj sia nyob tom qab kev sib txuas lus tsis zoo nrog tib neeg. Cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm mini-zoo txawm qhia txog "Tsev Neeg Saib Xyuas Tsiaj" txoj haujlwm. Ntawd yog, txhua tus neeg uas xav tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas thiab siv patronage tshaj ib yam tsiaj, pab nrog pub. Kuv xav ntseeg tias qhov xwm txheej yuav raug daws sai sai, thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas naturalists nrog tsiaj yuav tau txais qhov chaw tshiab.