Klement Gottwald - Czechoslovak Stalin

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Klement Gottwald - Czechoslovak Stalin
Klement Gottwald - Czechoslovak Stalin

Video: Klement Gottwald - Czechoslovak Stalin

Video: Klement Gottwald - Czechoslovak Stalin
Video: Репортаж из мавзолея Клемента Готвальда 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Klement Gottwald yog ib tus thawjcommunist nom tswv hauv Czechoslovakia. Nws yog ob tus thawj coj ntawm tog, thiab tus thawj nom tswv, thiab tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm lub tebchaws no. Rau qee lub sij hawm muaj txawm tias ib tug cult ntawm Gottwald, thiab nws lub cev tau pib embalmed thiab tau los ua cov ntsiab lus ntawm pej xeem saib nyob rau hauv lub mausoleum. Lub nroog thiab txoj kev tau muaj npe tom qab nws tsis yog hauv nws lub tebchaws, tab sis kuj nyob rau lwm lub tebchaws. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub sixties ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, lawv pib hu nws lub Czechoslovak Stalin. Cia peb mus saib cov biography ntawm no politician.

Klement Gottwald
Klement Gottwald

Cov tub ntxhais hluas thiab thawj kauj ruam ua tus thawj coj

Klement Gottwald yug hauv 1896 hauv Austro-Hungarian lub nroog Wischau (tam sim no nws nyob hauv Czech koom pheej thiab hu ua Dedice). Nws loj hlob hauv ib tsev neeg ntawm ib tug poj niam ua liaj ua teb uas tsis tau sib yuav. Nyob rau hauv nws cov hluas, yav tom ntej politician ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug mahogany master, uas nws kawm nyob rau hauv Vienna. Xyoo 1912 nws tau koom nrog Social Democratic Party. Nws raug sau tseg rau hauv pab tub rog Austro-Hungarian thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 1, tawm tsam sab hnub tuaj. Nyob rau hauv 1921 nws tau los ua ib tug ntawm cov co-founders ntawm lub Communisttog thiab pab tshaj tawm nws cov ntawv xov xwm hauv Bratislava.

Politician Klement Gottwald yees duab
Politician Klement Gottwald yees duab

Tshuaj ntsuab

Txoj haujlwm ntawm yav tom ntej Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Czechoslovakia pib sai sai los ntawm nruab nrab xyoo pua nees nkaum ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum. Nyob rau hauv 1925 nws tau raug xaiv los mus rau lub Central Committee ntawm lub Party, thiab nyob rau hauv 1929 nws tau los ua General Secretary. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, Gottwald tau delegated mus rau lub National Assembly ntawm Czechoslovakia ua ib tug deputy. Nyob rau hauv 1935, nws tau los ua tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm Comintern thiab tso tseg txoj haujlwm no tsuas yog tom qab kev rhuav tshem tom kawg hauv xyoo 1943. Tom qab daim ntawv cog lus Munich xyoo 1938, Klement Gottwald tawm mus rau lub tebchaws Soviet, qhov chaw nws siv sijhawm xya xyoo tom ntej hauv virtual exile. Los ntawm qhov ntawd, nws pib coj cov kev tawm tsam hauv tebchaws Czechoslovakia.

Politician Klement Gottwald thaum yau dab neeg ntxiv Untold Biography Tseeb
Politician Klement Gottwald thaum yau dab neeg ntxiv Untold Biography Tseeb

Politician Klement Gottwald: biography ntawm tog thawj coj

Lub Peb Hlis 1945, Eduard Beneš, lub teb chaws tus thawj tswj hwm ua ntej ua tsov ua rog thiab tus thawj coj ntawm tsoomfwv-hauv-exile nyob rau London txij li xyoo 1941, tau pom zoo los tsim National Front nrog cov communist. Gottwald hauv qhov kev pom zoo no tau txais txoj haujlwm ntawm Tus Lwm Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws ntawm lub tebchaws. Raws li kev ua haujlwm tog, nws tau muab txoj haujlwm ntawm General Secretary rau Rudolf Slansky, thiab nws tus kheej tau txais txoj haujlwm tshiab ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm.

Hauv kev xaiv tsa xyoo 1946, nws tau coj nws lub zog nom tswv mus rau hauv tsoomfwv nrog peb caug yim feem pua ntawm cov pov npav. Qhov no yog qhov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg tawg rog hauv keeb kwm ntawm Czechoslovakia. Tab sis los ntawm lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1947, lub koob meej ntawm pawg neeg no pib poob sai sai, thiab ntau tus neeg soj ntsuam ntseeg tias Gottwald yuav plam nws.txoj hauj lwm. Lub sijhawm no, Ltalis thiab Fabkis tau pib tshem tawm cov neeg tawm tsam los ntawm tsoomfwv cov koomhaum, thiab Yauxej Stalin tau qhia Gottwald ua txhua yam kom tsuas yog ib lub zog tseem nyob hauv lub zog. Tag nrho lub sij hawm no, tus nom tswv ua txuj ua haujlwm hauv tsoomfwv. Qhov tseeb, nws yog plotting. Qhov kev ua si tau dhau los thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1948, thaum Pawg Thawj Kav Tebchaws tau hais kom Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws Sab Hauv Vaslav Nosek txwv tsis pub lees txais cov neeg koom nrog hauv lub zog. Nws tsis kam nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm Gottwald. Ces 12 tsoom nom tswv tawm haujlwm. Gottwald, nyob rau hauv kev hem thawj ntawm kev tawm tsam dav dav, coj cov Communist nyob rau hauv lawv qhov chaw. Beneš sim tawm tsam, tab sis nyob rau hauv kev hem thawj ntawm kev tawm tsam Soviet, nws tau tso tseg. Txij thaum ntawd los, Klement Gottwald tau los ua tus neeg muaj zog tshaj plaws hauv Czechoslovakia.

Klement gottwald yees duab
Klement gottwald yees duab

lub zog ntawm lub zog

Lub Tsib Hlis 9, 1948, lub tebchaws National Assembly tau txais tsab cai lij choj tshiab. Nws yog pro-communist uas Beneš tsis kam kos npe rau nws. Thaum Lub Rau Hli nws tau tawm haujlwm, thiab ob peb hnub tom qab ntawd Gottwald tau raug xaiv tsa tus thawj tswj hwm. Thaum xub thawj, tus thawj coj tshiab ntawm lub tebchaws tau sim ua raws li txoj cai ywj pheej, tab sis tom qab ntsib nrog Stalin, nws hloov pauv sai sai. Klement Gottwald, uas nws daim duab pib luam tawm nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm tag nrho cov ntawv xov xwm nyob rau hauv Czechoslovakia, nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm nationalized tag nrho cov kev lag luam ntawm lub teb chaws thiab collectivized tag nrho cov kev ua liaj ua teb. Muaj kev tawm tsam rau cov kev hloov pauv hauv tsoomfwv. Ces Gottwald pib ntxuav. Ua ntej, nws raug ntiab tawm ntawm cov tub ceev xwm thiab ntes txhua tus neeg uas tsis koom nrog pawg ntseeg,thiab tom qab ntawd nws cov phooj ywg tog, uas tsis pom zoo nrog nws. Cov neeg raug tsim txom ntawm kev tshem tawm no yog Rudolf Slansky thiab Tus Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws Txawv Tebchaws Vlado Clementis (tshuaj tua xyoo 1952), nrog rau ntau pua tus neeg raug tua lossis raug pov rau hauv tsev lojcuj. Tus kws sau ntawv Czech Milan Kundera, hauv nws Phau Ntawv Laughter thiab Forgetfulness, hais txog qhov xwm txheej zoo li tus thawj coj ntawm Stalin uas yog tus nom tswv Klement Gottwald. Ib daim duab ntawm nws hnub tim 21 Lub Ob Hlis, 1948 qhia txog lub teb chaws tus thawj tswj hwm sawv ntawm Vlado Clementis. Thaum kev liam txhaum cai raug coj los tawm tsam ob xyoos tom qab, daim duab ntawm tus thawj coj qub raug rhuav tshem los ntawm lub xeev kev tshaj tawm.

Txoj kev tuag. Czechoslovakia tom qab Gottwald

Tau ntau xyoo, tus nom tswv raug mob plawv. Ob peb hnub tom qab mus koom Stalin lub ntees tuag nyob rau hauv 1953, nws tau mob. Nws tuag thaum lub Peb Hlis 14, 1956, thaum muaj hnub nyoog tsib caug-rau. Nws lub cev embalmed tau nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv lub mausoleum, thiab ib tug cult ntawm nws tus cwj pwm pib nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws. Tab sis rau xyoo tom qab ntawd nws raug faus thiab muab faus rau hauv ib lub sarcophagus kaw. Nws yog hais tias lub cev tuag pib decompose vim hais tias cov kws tshawb fawb miscalculated muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm embalming. Thiab tom qab kawg ntawm lub sij hawm communist nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, nws cov tshauv, nrog rau cov seem ntawm nees nkaum lwm tus thawj coj, tau muab faus rau hauv ib lub qhov ntxa ntawm Olšany toj ntxas hauv Prague. Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1980, muaj kev sim luam nws cov duab ntawm Czech banknotes, tab sis qhov no tau pom qhov tsis zoo uas tag nrho cov ntawv nyiaj no raug rho tawm ntawm kev siv.

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