Uzbekistan: thaj chaw, piav qhia, pej xeem

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:57

Nyob rau hauv qhov tob heev ntawm Central Asia, nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo kawg nkaus oasis, Uzbekistan nyob. Lub teb chaws zoo kawg no poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog txhua tus neeg thaum pom thawj zaug. Qhov kev zoo nkauj ntawm nws qhov xwm txheej zoo kawg nkaus: qhov ci ntsuab ntawm cov nroj tsuag tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm lub ntuj xiav thiab cov huab-dawb.

Muaj ntau ntawm cov monuments thaum ub, ancient architecture ntawm oriental palaces nrog minarets thiab domes taw rau saum ntuj, thawj lub teb chaws kab lis kev cai, kab lis kev cai, cuisine thiab kev lis kev cai - tag nrho cov no fascinates thiab delights.

Cov kab lus qhia luv luv ntawm Uzbekistan (chaw nyob, pejxeem, thiab lwm yam).

cov ntaub ntawv dav dav

Uzbekistan yog nyob rau hauv plawv ntawm Central Asian cheeb tsam. Tej yam ntuj tso toj roob hauv pes ntawm lub xeev no tawm tsam nyob rau hauv lawv splendor thiab ntau haiv neeg. Cov roob daus-capped roob, dav hav fertiles, ceev roob hav dej, nrog rau cov suab puam tsis muaj kawg thiab steppes yog amazing.

Cov neeg hauv lub tebchaws no saib xyuas cov kab lis kev cai ntawm lawv cov poj koob yawm txwv, lawv cov kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev coj noj coj ua. Zoo nkauj thiab harmoniously coexist nyob rau hauv Uzbek settlements nrog ancientmonuments nrog cov tsev thiab cov qauv ntawm modernity. Txij li thaum immemorial, cov neeg ntawm Uzbekistan tau nto moo rau lawv kev siab zoo thiab kev tos txais.

Qhov chaw ntawm Uzbekistan

Thaj chaw, thaj chaw ntawm Uzbekistan, raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm Central Asia. Nws stretches ntawm tus dej Amu Darya thiab Syr Darya.

Lub teb chaws ciam teb rau tsib lub xeev nyob sib ze: nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj - nrog Kazakhstan, sab hnub tuaj thiab sab qab teb, feem, nrog Kyrgyzstan thiab Tajikistan, sab hnub poob - nrog Turkmenistan thiab sab qab teb - nrog Afghanistan.

History in luv

Keeb kwm ntawm lub teb chaws no rov qab ntau pua xyoo. Lub teb chaws Uzbek nco txog ntau yam keeb kwm kev ua tub rog thiab kev sib ntaus sib tua, cov laj thawj uas yog thaj av no nyiam cov neeg kov yeej ntau pua xyoo. Piv txwv li, Alexander lub Great (los yog Iskander hauv zos) thiab Genghis Khan, nrog rau cov tub rog ntawm Persian kav.

Ntau haiv neeg (ob leeg nomadic thiab sedentary) tau hloov pauv ntau pua xyoo ntawm thaj chaw Uzbekistan. Lawv tsim cov chaw nyob tshiab ntawm no thiab tsim tsev neeg. Yog li ntawd, txhua tiam neeg, kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev coj noj coj ua yav dhau los, tau tso nws cov keeb kwm yav dhau los. Tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm kab lis kev cai yog intertwined nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws no mus rau hauv ib tug amazing thiab zoo nkauj suab paj nruag ntawm sab hnub tuaj. Contemporaries tau txais kev nplua nuj tsis muaj nuj nqis - architectural monuments ntawm antiquity, lub teb chaws paj huam thiab ntaub ntawv, amazingly yeeb yuj seev cev thiab suab paj nruag, cim philosophical qhia thiab discoveries ntawm science. Thiab muaj pes tsawg tus paub tsis meej thiab paub tsis meej tseem nyob …

Nature landscapes

thaj chaw ntawm Uzbekistan yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv ntau haiv neeg thiab txawv txawv toj roob hauv pes zoo nkauj. Roob ranges nrog peaks ntawm txawv heights yog interspersed nrog qhib, dav kwj ha. Plains nthuav dav feem ntau nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob ntawm lub tebchaws, nyob ntau dua 70% ntawm thaj chaw. Qhov seem ntawm thaj chaw (sab hnub tuaj thiab sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj) yog nyob ntawm roob thiab ko taw, suav nrog cov roob Altai, sab hnub poob ntawm Tien Shan thiab lub roob ntawm Gissar Range.

Vim qhov ntsuas ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Uzbekistan, nws yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm ntau yam toj roob hauv pes. Cov suab puam ntawm Karakum thiab Kyzylkum ntxiv ib qho kev paub tsis meej rau lub teb chaws txoj kev pab tshwj xeeb.

Txawm hais tias huab cua hauv lub tebchaws yog continental sharply, thiab huab cua av ntawm no yog heev tsawg vim los nag tsawg, lub ntuj toj roob hauv pes txiav txim siab cov nplua nuj ntawm fauna thiab flora. Lub ntiaj teb ntawm cov nroj tsuag muaj 6000 hom, 3700 uas yog cov nroj tsuag siab dua, thiab ntawm lawv qhov thib tsib yog sawv cev los ntawm cov kab mob. Lub ntiaj teb ntawm fauna yog sawv cev los ntawm 600 hom vertebrates, 90 hom tsiaj thiab 40 hom ntses. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev nplua nuj nyob hauv lub tebchaws, cov chaw ua si, cov chaw khaws cia thiab khaws cia tau raug teeb tsa hauv Uzbekistan.

Territorial division

Lub peev ntawm Uzbekistan yog Tashkent. Tag nrho ntev ntawm ciam teb yog 6221 km. Thaj chaw ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Uzbekistan yog 448.9 txhiab square meters. km.

Hauv kev tswj hwm, Uzbekistan muab faib ua kaum obthaj chaw: Bukhara, Andijan, Navoi, Fergana, Jizzakh, Samarkand, Syrdarya, Surkhandarya, Khorezm, Kashkadarya, Namangan thiab Tashkent. Qhov no suav nrog cov koom pheej ywj pheej ntawm Karakalpakstan.

Raws li kev suav pej xeem xyoo 2009, cov pej xeem ntawm Uzbekistan muaj ntau dua 27 lab 727 txhiab tus neeg (37% - cov neeg nyob hauv nroog, 63% - nyob deb nroog). Raws li cov ntsuas no, Uzbekistan yog nyob rau hauv peb qhov chaw ntawm lub qub CIS, tom qab Ukraine thiab Russia. Tab sis hauv Uzbekistan, tsis zoo li lawv, muaj kev yug me nyuam loj, uas ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov pejxeem.

Ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Uzbekistan ua neej nyob xws li Uzbeks (ntau dua 80%), Tajiks (5%), Russians (ntau dua 3%), Kazakhs (kwv yees li 3%), Karakalpaks (ntau dua 2%) thiab lwm yam (ntau dua 2%). Cov neeg Muslim yog 88% (feem ntau Sunnis), Orthodox - 9%. Muaj tag nrho ntawm 16 lub npe kev ntseeg hauv lub tebchaws.