Cov kws tshaj lij hu rau Udmurt lub teb chaws hnav khaub ncaws zoo tshaj plaws, zoo nkauj tshaj plaws thiab muaj xim zoo nkauj tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg ntawm Russia thiab yav dhau los CIS lub teb chaws. Nws cov xim sib xyaw ua ke yog dawb, dub thiab liab. Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws costume ntawm lub Udmurts, txij thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, peb complexes pib sawv:
- khaub ncaws sab qaum teb yog tricolor;
- sab qab teb - ntau xim;
- Besermyansky.
Headwear ntawm qaum teb complex
Udmurt cov poj niam cov khaub ncaws muaj ntau txoj hau kev xaiv:
- hat;
- veil;
- phuam;
- bandage.
Tus ntxhais zoo nkauj lub taub hau - takya - lub kaus mom canvas, uas tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog npib thiab liab calico. Cov me nyuam hnav kotres takya, nws muaj ib puag ncig zoo, cov ntxhais laus hnav ib tug oblong kuzyales takya. Ntxiv rau takya, canvas headbands kuj nrov, uas yuav tsum tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ribbons, braid, paj ntaub los yog sparkles. Scarves tau spun los ntawm chintz los yog tus tswv tsev dawb. Nyob rau hnub so, cov ntxhais hnav cov xim cashmere lossis silk scarves. Cov poj niam uas muaj txij nkawm hnav cov phuam qhwv taub hau muaj xim zoo nkauj: yyr kotyr, vesyak kishet. Cov txiv neej lub kaus mom tsis txawv ntawm ntau yam: nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov lawv hnav cov kaus mom zoo nkauj,lub caij ntuj no - sheepskin kaus mom.
Southern kaus mom
- Hats: pelkyshet.
- Headbands: yyrkerttet, tyatyak thiab ukotug.
- phuam: yirkyshet lossis turban.
- Aishon.
- Shawls.
Udmurt cov ntxhais hnav lub taub hau nrog cov phuam qhwv caj dab. Ukotyuk yog ib tug complex headdress. Stripes ntawm lace nrog ntom fringe, ntoo pendants, lace threads, thiab sequins tau sewn mus rau ib tug calico los yog canvas. Headbands ntawm cov poj niam laus (yyrkerttet) tau txawv los ntawm sewn npib thiab hlaws dai. Aishon yog Udmurt analogue ntawm Lavxias teb sab kokoshnik. Lub hauv paus yog ua los ntawm birch bark, sheathed nrog canvas thiab, ntawm chav kawm, decorated nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej nrog hlaws dai, hlaws dai thiab npib. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm aishon lawv muab tso rau ntawm ib tug syulyk - ib tug dawb embroidered canvas. Lub tshoob syulyk muaj ib qho tseem ceeb txawv feature - loj heev dub paj ntaub thiab tassels ntawm ob sab ntawm dub thiab liab xov. Txij hnub ua tshoob mus txog thaum yug tus me nyuam, cov poj niam hnav ib lub syulyk dub, ces liab mus txog rau thaum laus.
Poj niam Udmurt lub teb chaws costume
Cov poj niam North Udmurt outfits yog ib hom khaub ncaws qub thiab yooj yim. Lub hauv paus yog lub tsho hnav khaub ncaws: cov khoom siv ncaj ncaj, lub tes tsho lub tsho, daim duab peb sab lossis oval neckline tsis muaj dab tshos. Lub hem thiab lub tes tsho ntawm hnav ris tsho yog ib txwm dai kom zoo nkauj nrog paj ntaub. Transverse paj ntaub nrog ib tug rosette yog hu ua koltyrmach, thiab lub nyem longitudinal nrog ib tug pob zeb diamond-zoo li tus qauv hu ua gorden. Cov poj niam Udmurt cov khaub ncaws ntawm cov neeg sab qaum teb yuav tsum suav nrog qhib caftan shortderem. Nws txiav zoo ib yam li lub tsho, tsuas yog lub dab tshos xwbsquare tig-down thiab lub tes tsho luv. Shortdarem tau nplua nuj nrog cov hlaws dai, npib, cowries, kab txaij ntawm calico thiab paj ntaub ntawm lub kaus mom thiab dab tshos. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los ua kom tiav caftan:
- zok kumak ponem - ntau kumach;
- pichi kumach ponem - me ntsis kumach;
- kotyr kumach ponem - kab txaij ntawm kumach ncig tag nrho caftan;
- kotulo - kab txaij dav ntawm calico rau lub duav;
- kotrah tachkyo - embroidered trim rau hauv pem teb, hem thiab lub xub pwg nyom;
- Vozhen Shirem - paj ntaub ntsuab ntawm lub hem;
- gorden shyrem - liab;
- shoden shyrem - dub.
Lub teb chaws costume ntawm Udmurts tsis tuaj yeem xav txog yam tsis muaj daim npog ntsej muag (ayshet, azkyshet lossis ashshet), txiav nrog lace, braid, thiab cov qauv. Ties tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm txhuam los ntawm ntau xim daim ntaub. Nyob rau hnub so, cov khaub ncaws tau ntxiv los ntawm ib txoj siv tawv, uas yog ib lub phuam qhwv caj dab dai rau ntawm sab. Txhua leej txhua tus tau hnav ib lub kaus mom slouchy.
Udmurt lub teb chaws costume li khau muaj xws li bast bast khau raws li tus qauv Lavxias teb sab. Nyob rau hnub so, Udmurt pej xeem bast khau tau hnav, uas muaj cov ntiv taw trapezoidal. Nyob rau hauv cov khau bast, cov poj niam Udmurt tso rau ntawm tuab dawb canvas stockings chugles, cov ntaub sab nrauv tau zoo nkauj embroidered nrog cov qauv los yog calico. Patterned nyias marchanchuglas tau rub hla lub hnab ntim khoom.
National costume ntawm Udmurt txiv neej
Txiv neej Udmurt lub teb chaws costume suav nrog:
- shirt;
- siv los yog siv;
- pants.
Lub tsho yog cov ntaub pua chaw dawb nrog rau sab xis ntawm lub hauv siab thiab lub tes tsho, uas yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov kab liab nyias nyias. Nws cov txiv neej yeej ib txwm hnav lub tsho loj thiab khi nws nrog txoj siv tawv los yog siv hlua khi. Cov ris tsho feem ntau nruj thiab tsaus xim, feem ntau xiav. Cov txiv neej khau, raws li txoj cai, tsis tau dai kom zoo nkauj. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov lawv hnav khau bast, lub caij ntuj no - khau boots.
Hnub no, Udmurt pej xeem hnav khaub ncaws tsis tshua siv rau nws lub hom phiaj. Lawv khaws cia rau hauv tsev cia puav pheej lossis hauv tsev hauv lub hauv siab raws li tsev neeg cov khoom muaj nqis, cov kab lis kev cai ntawm haiv neeg tau muab tso rau hauv kev ua yeeb yam. Hauv cov zos, kev cai hnav khaub ncaws hauv tebchaws rau kev ua tshoob thiab hnub so loj tau khaws cia.
