Txhua lub nroog ntawm Tatarstan muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb, thiab tib lub sijhawm, muaj qhov txuas uas koom ua ke. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, lawv tau koom siab los ntawm qhov tseeb tias lawv yog cov chaw nyob ntawm ib lub koom pheej uas muaj kab lis kev cai tshwj xeeb. Tab sis dab tsi yog lub nroog ntawm koom pheej ntawm Tatarstan? Cov npe thiab cov pej xeem nyob rau hauv cov chaw no, nrog rau lwm yam nta, yuav yog peb txoj kev kawm.
Cov ntaub ntawv dav dav txog cov koom pheej ntawm Tatarstan
Ua ntej peb pib tshawb txog ib lub nroog ntawm Tatarstan, cia peb tshawb nrhiav cov ntsiab lus luv luv ntawm lub tebchaws no tag nrho.
Tatarstan yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm thaj av Volga, thiab yog ib feem ntawm Volga Federal District. Nyob rau sab qab teb nws ciam teb ntawm Ulyanovsk, Samara thiab Orenburg cheeb tsam, nyob rau hauv sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj nrog Bashkiria, nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj nrog lub koom pheej ntawm Udmurtia, nyob rau hauv lub grey nrog lub Kirov cheeb tsam, nyob rau hauv sab hnub poob thiab qaum teb hnub poob nrog lub koom pheej ntawm Mari El thiab Chuvashia..
Lub koom pheej nyob hauv thaj chaw huab cua huab cua nrog huab cua huab cua huab cua. Tag nrho cheeb tsam ntawm Tatarstan yog 67,8 txhiab square meters. km, thiab cov pejxeem yog 3868,7 txhiab tus neeg. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov pejxeem, lub koom pheej no nyob rau qib xya ntawm txhua yam kev kawmlub koom haum. Cov pejxeem ceev yog 57.0 tus neeg / sq. km.
Lub peev ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Tatarstan yog lub nroog ntawm Kazan.
Finno-Ugric pab pawg tau ntev nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm niaj hnub Tatarstan. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 7th, cov Turkic pab pawg neeg ntawm cov Bulgars tuaj ntawm no thiab nrhiav tau lawv tus kheej lub xeev, uas tau puas los ntawm lub Mongol-Tatars nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 13th. Tom qab ntawd, thaj av ntawm Tatarstan tau suav nrog Golden Horde, thiab vim yog kev sib xyaw ntawm Bulgars nrog cov neeg tuaj tshiab Turkic, niaj hnub Tatars tau tsim. Tom qab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm Golden Horde, ib qho kev ywj pheej Kazan Khanate tau tsim ntawm no, uas tau suav nrog hauv Lavxias lub nceeg vaj nyob rau hauv Ivan lub txaus ntshai nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 16th. Txij thaum ntawd los, thaj av ntawd tau muaj neeg coob coob los ntawm haiv neeg Russians. Ntawm no lub xeev Kazan tau tsim. Nyob rau hauv 1917, lub xeev tau hloov mus rau hauv lub Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist koom pheej. Tom qab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub Soviet Union, lub koom pheej ntawm Tatarstan tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1992.
npe lub nroog hauv Tatarstan
Tam sim no cia peb sau lub nroog ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Tatarstan. Cov npe los ntawm cov pej xeem yog muab hauv qab no.
- Kazan - 1217, 0 txhiab inhabitants.
- Naberezhnye Chelny - 526.8 txhiab tus neeg nyob.
- Nizhnekamsk - 236,197 txhiab tus neeg
- Almetievsk - 152.6 txhiab inhabitants.
- Zelenodolsk - 98.8 txhiab tus neeg nyob.
- Bugulma - 86.0 txhiab tus neeg nyob.
- Yelabuga - 73.3 txhiab tus neeg nyob.
- Leninogorsk - 63.3 txhiab tus neeg nyob.
- Chistopol - 60.9 txhiab tus neeg nyob.
- Zainsk - 40.9 txhiab tus neeg nyob.
- Nurlat - 33.1 txhiab tus neeg nyob.
- Mendeleevsk - 22, 1 txhiab tus neeg nyob.
- Bavly – 22.2 txhiabnyob.
- Buinsk - 20.9 txhiab tus neeg nyob.
- Arsk - 20.0 txhiab inhabitants.
- Agryz - 19.7 txhiab tus neeg nyob.
- Menzelinsk - 17.0 txhiab tus neeg nyob.
- Mamadysh - 15.6 txhiab tus neeg nyob.
- Tetyushi - 11.4 txhiab tus neeg nyob.
Peb tau teev tag nrho lub nroog ntawm Tatarstan los ntawm cov pej xeem. Tam sim no peb yuav tham txog qhov loj tshaj ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv kom meej ntxiv.
Kazan yog lub peev ntawm tebchaws
Lub nroog ntawm Tatarstan yuav tsum tau nthuav tawm los ntawm nws lub peev, Kazan. Nco ntsoov tias lub nroog no tau tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm 1000, thaum lub sijhawm muaj lub nceeg vaj Bulgar. Tab sis lub nroog tau mus txog nws qhov kev zoo siab tiag tiag thaum lub sijhawm Golden Horde. Thiab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab kev sib cais ntawm cov av ntawm nruab nrab Volga cheeb tsam mus rau hauv ib tug cais khanate, lub peev uas yog Kazan. Lub xeev no hu ua Kazan Khanate. Tab sis txawm tias tom qab kev nkag mus ntawm cov cheeb tsam no mus rau lub nceeg vaj Lavxias teb sab, lub nroog tsis poob nws qhov tseem ceeb, tshuav ib qho ntawm cov chaw loj tshaj plaws ntawm Russia. Tom qab tsim lub USSR, nws tau los ua lub peev ntawm lub Tatar ASSR, thiab tom qab nws lub cev qhuav dej, nws tau los ua lub peev ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Tatarstan, uas yog ib feem ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation.
Lub nroog nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm 425, 3 square meters. km thiab muaj cov pejxeem ntawm 1,217 lab inhabitants, qhov ntom ntawm uas yog 1915 tus neeg / 1 sq. km. km. Txij li thaum xyoo 2002, qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Kazan muaj qhov nce mus tas li. Ntawm cov pab pawg neeg, Russians thiab Tatars predominate, feem accounting rau 48.6% thiab 47.6% ntawm tag nrho cov pejxeem. Muaj ntau tsawg tus neeg sawv cev ntawm lwm haiv neeg, ntawm cov Chuvash, Ukrainians thiab Mari yuav tsum raug xaiv. Lawvqhia tag nrho tsis tau 1%.
Ntawm cov kev ntseeg, Sunni Islam thiab Orthodox Christianity yog qhov dav tshaj plaws.
Lub hauv paus ntawm lub nroog kev lag luam yog kev lag luam petrochemical thiab engineering, tab sis, raws li nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw loj, ntau lwm yam kev tsim khoom, nrog rau kev lag luam thiab kev pabcuam raug tsim.
Kazan yog lub nroog loj tshaj plaws ntawm Tatarstan. Daim duab ntawm qhov chaw tseem ceeb no nyob rau sab Europe ntawm Russia yog nyob saum toj no. Raws li koj tau pom, qhov kev sib hais haum no muaj qhov zoo li niaj hnub no.
Naberezhnye Chelny - qhov chaw ntawm kev siv tshuab engineering
Hais txog lwm lub nroog ntawm Tatarstan, ib tus tsis tuaj yeem hais txog Naberezhnye Chelny. Thawj qhov kev sib haum xeeb ntawm no tau tsim los ntawm Russians hauv 1626. Nws thawj lub npe yog Chalninsky kho, tab sis tom qab ntawd lub zos tau hloov npe hu ua Mysovye Chelny. Nyob rau hauv 1930, muaj ib tug tshiab renaming, raws li lub nroog pib hu ua Krasnye Chelny, uas muaj ib tug ideological connotation. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub zos ntawm Berezhny Chelny nyob tsis deb, uas nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo 1930 tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm lub nroog. Los ntawm kev sib haum xeeb ntawm ob qhov chaw nyob, Naberezhnye Chelny tau tsim.
Lub nroog tau tsim kho ntau tshaj plaws hauv xyoo 1960-1970s, thaum lub sijhawm Brezhnev. Nws yog thaum ntawd lub nroog tsim kev lag luam rau kev tsim cov tsheb thauj khoom KamAZ. Los ntawm ib lub nroog me me Naberezhnye Chelny tig mus rau qhov thib ob loj tshaj plaws kev sib hais haum ntawm Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist koom pheej tom qab Kazan. Tom qab kev tuag ntawm General Secretary ntawm CPSU, nyob rau hauv 1982, lub nroog tau renamed Brezhnev nyob rau hauv nws hwm. Tab sisXyoo 1988, Naberezhnye Chelny rov qab los rau nws lub npe qub.
Naberezhnye Chelny yog qhov chaw thib ob ntawm cov pej xeem thiab thaj chaw hauv cheeb tsam. Nws nyob thaj tsam ntawm 171 sq. km, uas muaj cov pej xeem ntawm 526,8 txhiab tus neeg. Nws qhov ceev yog 3080.4 tus neeg / 1 sq. km. Txij xyoo 2009, cov pej xeem hauv nroog tau nce zuj zus.
Tatars thiab Russians nyob ntawm no feem ntau ntawm tag nrho - 47.4% thiab 44.9% feem. Ntau tshaj 1% ntawm tag nrho cov naj npawb yog Chuvash, Ukrainians thiab Bashkirs. Tsawg me ntsis Udmurts, Maris thiab Mordovians.
Nizhnekamsk yog lub nroog yau tshaj plaws hauv Tatarstan
Nizhnekamsk muaj lub npe ntawm lub nroog yau tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws. Cov cheeb tsam ntawm Tatarstan tsis tuaj yeem khav ntawm lub nroog uas tau tsim tom qab nws. Kev tsim kho ntawm Nizhnekamsk tau npaj rau xyoo 1958. Qhov pib ntawm kev tsim kho nws tus kheej hnub rov qab mus rau 1960.
Tam sim no hauv Nizhnekamsk, nyob ntawm thaj tsam ntawm 63.5 square metres. km, 236.2 txhiab tus neeg nyob, uas ua rau nws yog peb lub nroog uas muaj neeg coob tshaj plaws hauv cheeb tsam, tom qab Kazan thiab Naberezhnye Chelny. Qhov ceev yog 3719, 6 tus neeg / 1 sq. km.
Tatars thiab Russians yog kwv yees sib npaug ntawm tus lej thiab tus lej rau 46.5% thiab 46.1%, feem. Chuvash hauv nroog 3%, 1% Bashkirs thiab Ukrainians.
Lub nroog kev lag luam yog raws li kev lag luam petrochemical.
Almetyevsk yog ib lub nroog qub tshaj plaws hauv Tatarstan
Tab sis thawj lub zos ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Almetyevsk niaj hnub, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws,tsim los rau lub sijhawm ntev heev. Nws yog Ameslikas hu ua Almetyevo, thiab nws lub hauv paus pib rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 18th. Tab sis cov xwm txheej ntawm lub nroog tau txais tsuas yog xyoo 1953.
Cov pejxeem ntawm Almetyevo yog 152.6 txhiab tus neeg. Nws nyob ntawm thaj chaw thaj tsam ntawm 115 sq. km thiab muaj qhov ceev ntawm 1327 tus neeg / 1 sq. km. km.
Feem ntau yog Tatars - 55.2%. Muaj me ntsis Russians - 37.1%. Ces cov Chuvash thiab Mordovians ua raws li tus lej.
Zelenodolsk - lub nroog ntawm Volga
Lub hauv paus ntawm Zelenodolsk txawv ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm ntau lwm lub nroog ntawm Tatarstan nyob rau hauv uas nws tau tsim tsis yog los ntawm Russians lossis Tatars, tab sis los ntawm Mari. Nws thawj lub npe yog Porat, ces nws tau hloov mus rau Kabachishchi thiab Paratsk. Nyob rau hauv 1928 nws tau txais lub npe Zeleny Dol, thiab nyob rau hauv 1932, nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog lub transformation mus rau hauv lub nroog, Zelenodolsk.
Cov pejxeem hauv nroog yog 98.8 txhiab tus neeg. nrog thaj tsam ntawm 37.7 sq. km, thiab ceev - 2617, 6 tus neeg / 1 sq. km. km. Ntawm cov haiv neeg, Russians (67%) thiab Tatars (29.1%) predominate.
Bugulma - regional center
Lub koog tsev kawm ntawv nruab nrab ntawm Bugulma koog tsev kawm ntawv yog lub nroog Bugulma. Kev sib hais haum nyob rau hauv qhov chaw no tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1736, thiab nws tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm ib lub nroog nyob rau hauv 1781.
Cov pejxeem hauv Bugulma yog 86.1 txhiab tus neeg nyob. Thaj chaw ntawm lub nroog - 27,87 square meters. km. Ceev - 3088, 8 tus neeg / 1 sq. km. Lub teb chaws muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov pejxeem yog dominated los ntawm Russians thiab Tatars.
yam ntxwv dav dav ntawm lub nroog ntawm Tatarstan
Peb kawm cov nroog loj tshaj plaws hauv kev nthuav davRepublic of Tatarstan. Qhov loj tshaj ntawm lawv - lub peev ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Kazan, muaj ib tug pej xeem ntawm 1.217 lab inhabitants. Qhov no yog tib lub nroog millionaire hauv tebchaws. Peb qhov chaw nyob ntxiv hauv cheeb tsam muaj cov pej xeem tshaj 100 txhiab tus neeg.
Feem ntau ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm lub nroog ntawm Tatarstan yog Russians thiab Tatars. Ntawm lwm haiv neeg, muaj ntau tus Ukrainians, Chuvashs, Maris, Udmurts thiab Bashkirs. Cov kev ntseeg tseem ceeb yog Orthodox Christianity thiab Islam. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, muaj lwm yam kev ntseeg.
