T-90AM tank: specifications thiab sib piv nrog analogues

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:55

T-90AM "Proryv" tank thiab nws cov qauv xa tawm T-90SM yog qhov hloov kho tshiab ntawm T-90A kev sib ntaus sib tua tsheb. Ua haujlwm ntawm nws txoj kev txhim kho tau pib xyoo 2004. Thawj thawj zaug, tus qauv ntawm T-90AM tank tau nthuav tawm thaum pib lub Cuaj Hli 2011 hauv Nizhny Tagil ntawm Staratel kev cob qhia tub rog. Cov khoom siv tub rog tshiab tau tuav ua ib feem ntawm XIII thoob ntiaj teb exhibition REA-2011.

Txhim Kho Cov Lus Qhia

T-90AM, nws cov yam ntxwv tam sim no tsuas yog muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus dav dav, tau tsim los ntawm T-90 lub tank. Tus tsim tawm ntawm novelty yog Uralvagonzavod. Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho tshiab ntawm lub tshuab yog lub qub pej thuam, uas tau hloov nrog qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua tshiab nrog kev txhim kho Kalina tswj, uas muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm qib tactical. Tsis tas li ntawd, T-90AM (cov duab tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm) yog nruab nrog 2A46M-5 phom niaj hnub, lub tshuab nqa tsis siv neeg tshiab thiab UDP T05BV-1 rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau nrog cov chaw taws teeb tswj. Kuj hloov "Hu-V" nrog DZ "Relic".

Cov neeg tsim khoom tau them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau kev txhim kho tus thawj coj lub peev xwm los tswj hluav taws thiab tshawb nrhiav cov hom phiaj sib npaug tsis hais lub sijhawm nruab hnub. Thawj zaug RussianLub T-90AM tank tau nruab nrog lub kauj tsheb-raws li kev tswj hwm thiab lub tshuab tsis siv neeg gearshift. Nws tso cai rau koj hloov mus rau phau ntawv hom sai li sai tau raws li qhov xav tau tshwm sim.

T-90AM muaj cov mos txwv thauj khoom nrog ob pawg pawg - ib qho sab nraud thiab sab hauv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, 22 qhov kev txhaj tshuaj yog nyob rau hauv qis qis ntawm lub nkoj, hauv AZ, thiab cov seem, zoo li cov nqi rau lawv, yog nyob rau hauv ib lub thawv tshwj xeeb armored, uas yog nyob rau ntawm lub stern ntawm tus pej thuam. Cov kws tshaj lij tau saib xyuas kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm thiab kev txav mus los ntawm T-90AM (SM) tank. Rau qhov no, qhov tseeb ua ke hmo ntuj pom kev siv tau raug teeb tsa, nrog rau lub koob yees duab TV rau qhov pom tom qab ntawm thaj chaw.

T-90AM "Proryv" lub tank tshiab hnyav 48 tons, uas yog ib thiab ib nrab tons ntau dua li cov qauv hauv paus, tab sis tib lub sijhawm tsawg dua nws cov German lossis Asmeskas cov neeg sib tw. Lub tshuab no tau nruab nrog B-93 monoblock fais fab nroj tsuag nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 1130 hp. pp., tsim los ntawm V-92S2F2. Nws kuj tau txiav txim siab los hloov qhov kev tawm tsam los tiv thaiv neutron nrog cov khoom siv txhim khu kev qha los tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo hluav taws zoo li kivlar thiab txhim kho qhov tua hluav taws.

Summing txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev hloov kho tshiab, peb tuaj yeem hais tias kev txav mus los thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm T-90AM lub tank tau txhim kho zoo dua, thiab qhov ntev tau zoo li tsis hloov pauv, yog li nws tseem nyob hauv chav sib ntaus sib tua tsheb mus txog. 50 tons.

Sib piv cov khoom siv tub rog

Nws tsis muaj qhov zais cia uas ntau tus neeg txhawj xeeb txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias tshiab tshaj plaws piv rau cov neeg txawv teb chaws. Piv txwv li, coj American M1 Abrams. Tab sis raulos sib piv ob lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua, koj yuav tsum paub tias cov xwm txheej thaum lawv sib koom ua ke ntawm ib qho ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua yeej tsis muaj nyob hauv peb lub sijhawm.

Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej niaj hnub ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, txhawm rau kom muaj sia nyob, cov neeg coob ntawm lub tank yuav tsum tau tawm tsam nrog ntau tus neeg tawm tsam, xws li cov tub rog uas muaj cov foob pob hluav taws tiv thaiv tank, thiab xaus nrog cov dav hlau thiab dav hlau. Tab sis, txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshaj lij niaj hnub sim sib piv cov tub rog tsheb ntawm tib chav kawm nrog ib leeg. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qee tus ntawm lawv ntseeg tias kev sib piv theoretical ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam tsis yooj yim sua hauv txoj cai, txij li txawm tias kev ua tub rog tiag tiag yuav tsis muab cov lus teb kawg rau cov lus nug ntawm leej twg yog tus zoo dua. Ntawm no nws yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account ntau yam ntawm lwm yam, xws li tactics ntawm kev siv, tu lub tsheb, theem ntawm kev cob qhia neeg coob, kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam tub rog units, thiab lwm yam, tag nrho cov no yuav ua tau ntau npaum li cas tseem ceeb tshaj qhov. cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub tank lawv tus kheej.

Kev sib piv ntawm T-90 thiab Abrams

Ua ntej koj pib sib piv cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tsheb sib ntaus sib tua, nws yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tias T-90 tank tau tsim 20 xyoo dhau los, thiab txij li ntawd los nws tau hloov kho ntau zaus. Lawm, txhua tus qauv tshiab tau sib txawv ntawm qhov dhau los, ob qho tib si hauv kev tsim thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua. Tib yam tshwm sim nrog lub tank Abrams, uas tau nkag mus rau hauv kev pabcuam nrog cov tub rog Asmeskas hauv xyoo 1980. Yog li ntawd, nws ua rau kev txiav txim siab los sib piv tag nrho lawv qhov tsis zoo ib yam nkaus xwb rau cov kev hloov kho tshwj xeeb uas tau tso tawm hauv ib qho thiabtib lub sijhawm.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab lwm yam tsis sib xws ntawm Lavxias T-90AM tank tiv thaiv M1A2 Abrams yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem sib piv vim muaj kev zais siab tshaj plaws nyob ib puag ncig cov khoom siv tub rog no. Nws tsuas yog paub tias qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov yees nyob rau hauv lawv sab pem hauv ntej yog ua nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev zoo sib xws - nyob rau hauv lub hnab ris ntawm lub frontal armor, tej pob khoom ntawm thiaj li hu ua reflective nplooj ntawv yog ntsia.

Kev siv cov cuab yeej hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua

Lub tank Asmeskas "Abrams" twb tau siv rau hauv Iraqi tub rog ua haujlwm "Storm suab puam". Raws li rau Lavxias teb sab tsheb, nws txoj kev koom tes nyob rau hauv hostilities tseem tsis tau muaj ntaub ntawv. Txawm hais tias qee tus kws tshaj lij tau hais tias T-90 tank twb tau sim thaum thawj zaug thiab thib ob Chechen phiaj xwm ob qho tib si hauv Chechnya thiab hauv Dagestan. Lwm tus hais tias cov tsheb no tau teeb tsa thaum Lub Yim Hli 2008 ntawm thaj chaw ntawm South Ossetia thaum muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb Georgian-Ossetian.

Piv txwv li, qee qhov xov xwm tau tshaj tawm tias T-90 tau pom thaum lub sijhawm tshem tawm cov tub rog Lavxias los ntawm Gori (Georgia). Tab sis txog tam sim no tsis muaj pov thawj ncaj qha ntawm qhov tseeb no. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tank T-90, cov yam ntxwv uas yuav muab piv nrog Asmeskas "Abrams" hauv qab no, zoo ib yam li T-72B, uas muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo "Kev Sib cuag", uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov yuam kev hauv nws cov cim.

Nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb lub tank T-90AM yuav ua li cas hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tiag tiag, vim nws tseem tsis tau siv nyob qhov twg.

Kev sib piv

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias Tebchaws Meskas thiab Soviet Union, thiab tom qab ntawd Russia, ib txwm muaj kev sib txawv kiag li rau kev tsim cov khoom siv tub rog. Nws pom tseeb tias Asmeskas M1 tank loj dua T-90. Nws muaj peev xwm ua tiav qhov kev txo qis ntawm qhov ntev ntawm lub tsheb vim qhov tsis lees paub ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom, uas xav tau kwv yees li 1.7 m ntawm qhov siab ntawm qhov sib ntaus sib tua los ua nws txoj haujlwm. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov no yog qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm kev txwv ntawm kev txo qis ntawm lub tank. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem denser ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua tau ib lub tshuab tiv thaiv kev ntseeg siab nrog qhov hnyav thiab tsis tshua muaj silhouette, nrog rau cov ntu me me thiab ntu ntev.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv no yog qhov tseeb tias qhov ntim ntawm "Abrams" yog 19, thiab T-90 - 11 cubic meters. Tab sis ib tug denser layout muaj nws downsides. Lawv yog qee qhov nruj ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tank thiab qhov nyuaj ntawm kev sib hloov ntawm ib leeg yog tias tsim nyog.

Kev Tiv Thaiv Sib Piv

Ntau tus neeg yuav xav tias yog Abrams hnyav dua, ces cov cuab yeej ntawm nws yog tuab dua, thiab yog li txhim khu kev qha. Qhov no tsis yog tseeb kiag li. Txo qhov hnyav ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm T-90 tank pab txo qhov ntim sab hauv, uas muab cov qib xav tau ntawm kev tiv thaiv sab nraud. Vim lub fact tias qhov ntev ntawm lub frontal projection ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab tsheb tsuas yog 5 m², thaum lub Abrams yog 6, nws yuav tsis yooj yim sua, vim hais tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm xws li ib tug ntaus nyob rau hauv no tshwj xeeb ib feem ntawm lub tsheb yog siab heev..

Lavxias teb sab tank nruab nrog "cov ntawv txheeb",ua los ntawm steel, thiab "Abrams", pib nrog ib tug tej yam kev hloov kho, - los ntawm depleted uranium. Cov khoom no muaj qhov ntom ntom ntom (19.03 g / cm³), yog li ntawd, nrog lub phaj me me, nws tau muab qhov xwm txheej tawg ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub dav hlau sib sau.

Lub T-90 tank, ntxiv rau cov tsoos ib txwm, kuj muaj kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm zoo. Qhov no tsis yog qhov teeb meem ntawm feem ntau ntawm kev hloov kho Abrams. "Kontakt-5" yog lub zog tiv thaiv ntawm Lavxias teb sab tso tsheb hlau luam, uas ua hauj lwm ob leeg tiv thaiv armor-piercing sub-caliber nqi thiab cumulative riam phom. Qhov kev ua haujlwm no muab qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws rau sab nraud, uas tso cai rau koj los rhuav tshem lossis tsawg kawg ua kom tsis muaj zog ntawm BPS tub ntxhais ua ntej kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb pib.

Raws li cov tuam txhab Lavxias teb sab, cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm pem hauv ntej ntawm T-90A lub tank yooj yim tiv thaiv kev ntaus ntawm BOPS feem ntau siv nyob rau sab hnub poob. Rau qhov no, ib qho kev sim tshwj xeeb ua qauv qhia. Lub tank T-90, cov yam ntxwv uas tau sim rov qab rau xyoo 1995 ntawm Kubinka kev cob qhia hauv av, raug rho tawm los ntawm lwm lub tsheb. 6 Lavxias teb sab cumulative shells raug rho tawm los ntawm qhov deb li ntawm 200 m. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub foob pob ua ntxaij, nws tau pom tias lub frontal armor tau ua tiav cov kev ntsuam xyuas, thiab lub tank muaj peev xwm mus txog ntawm nws tus kheej mus txog lub soj ntsuam lawj.

Thiab, Asmeskas cov tub ceev xwm tau hais tias cov tub rog pem hauv ntej ntawm lawv M1A1 kuj tau ua tiav kev tiv thaiv lub foob pob uas cov tub rog Iraqi tua lawv los ntawm T-72 tso tsheb hlau luam. Muaj tseeb, cov no yog cov BOPS uas tsis siv lawm, tau tso tseg thaum ntxov 70s. xyoo dhau los.

Sib piv riam phom thiab mos txwv

Raws li koj paub, cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej ua tub rog no yog rab phom loj. Lub tsheb Lavxias muaj 125 mm 2A46M / 2A46M5 smoothbore tank phom. Lub Abrams yog armed nrog tus qauv NATO 120mm M256 cannon. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, muaj qee qhov sib txawv hauv caliber, tab sis txawm tias qhov no, ob rab phom muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias qhov ua tau zoo ntawm lub tank hluav taws ncaj qha nyob ntawm cov mos txwv siv.

Lub Lavxias teb sab T-90 tank, Proryv, tej zaum kuj yuav tua siv plaub hom mos txwv: siab-explosive fragmentation, armor-piercing sub-caliber, cumulative shells thiab coj missiles. "Abrams" muaj cov khoom siv txheem, tsuas yog muaj ob hom mos txwv: sib sau ua ke thiab armor-piercing sub-caliber.

Txhawm rau tawm tsam cov khoom siv yeeb ncuab, feem ntau yog qhov qub BOPS ZBM-44 thiab ZBM-32 tau siv, muaj cov cores ua los ntawm tungsten thiab uranium alloys. Tsis ntev los no, ntau lub plhaub tau tsim los uas tuaj yeem tiv taus cov tub rog pem hauv ntej ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam zoo tshaj plaws hauv Western. Ntawm lawv - thiab ZBM-48 "Lead".

Lub mos txwv tseem ceeb ntawm "Abrams" yog M829A3 txhaj tshuaj nrog armor-piercing sub-caliber projectile, uas tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam xyoo 2003

Kev sib piv ntawm cov nroj tsuag hluav taws xob

Nws yuav tsum tau hais tam sim ntawd tias lawv yog qhov sib txawv rau ob lub tshuab. Lub T-90A thiab T-90CA tso tsheb hlau luam muaj 1000-horsepower diesel cav, thiab Abrams muaj 1500-horsepower gas turbine, ua nyob rau hauv ib qho thaiv nroghydromechanical tsis siv neeg kis. Lub zog tshwj xeeb ntawm T-90 thiab Abrams yog 21 thiab 24 hp, feem. s./t. Lub tsheb Lavxias muaj qhov ntev ntev (550 km) dua li Asmeskas (350 km). Qhov no yog vim qhov ua tau zoo ntawm lub diesel piv rau cov roj turbine ntau dua.

T-90 fais fab nroj tsuag muaj lwm qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - nws muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab tsis muaj kev ntseeg. Noj, piv txwv li, kev sim tsheb hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm Indian Thar Desert, qhov twg tsis muaj ib lub cav tsis ua haujlwm raug kaw. Raws li Asmeskas M1A1 tso tsheb hlau luam uas koom nrog Kev Ua Haujlwm Cua daj cua dub, hauv peb hnub uas lawv tau tsiv hla cov xuab zeb, tawm ntawm 58 units, 16 ua tsis tiav. Thiab tag nrho cov no tshwm sim vim lub cav puas. Yog tias peb sib piv kev siv zog ntawm kev saib xyuas lub cev muaj zog ntawm cov tshuab no, tom qab ntawd txhawm rau hloov nws, pab pawg kws tshaj lij yuav xav tau: Lavxias - 6, thiab Asmeskas - tsuas yog 2 teev.

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev sib kis ntawm cov tsheb Lavxias yog qhov rov qab qis dua - tsuas yog 4.8 km / h, thaum lub tsheb Asmeskas nws nce mus txog 30 km / h vim kev teeb tsa ntawm hydrostatic kis rau lawv. Qhov tseeb yog hais tias cov loj-tsim T-90 tso tsheb hlau luam yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug neeg kho tshuab kis tau tus mob raws li twb outdated tswvyim ntawm txoj kev tig mechanism, qhov twg nws cov luag hauj lwm yog muab rau stepped onboard gearboxes. Lub Abrams tau nruab nrog kev sib kis hydrostatic, nrog rau kev tig cov tshuab nrog lub tshuab tswj tsis siv neeg digital.

tag nrho cov qhab nias

Raws li cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau ntawm cov txuj ci thiab lwm yam ntxwv ntawm T-90 thiab Abrams tso tsheb hlau luam, peb tuaj yeem xaus tias qhov zoo ntawm lub tsheb Lavxias piv rau Asmeskas yog:

• kev tiv thaiv zoo, suav nrog cov kab ke dynamic "Kev Sib cuag", nrog rau KOEP "Shtora-1";
• muaj lub hom phiaj tua nrog cov cuaj luaj coj mus rau qhov deb txog li 5,000 m;
• ntau hom mos txwv, uas suav nrog HE lub plhaub (nrog rau cov uas tau npaj ua cov foob pob hluav taws thiab cov chaw taws teeb detonation);
• tus nqi hluav taws zoo heev, uas tau khaws cia thoob plaws hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, muab los ntawm kev siv A3;
• dej qhov tob zoo, ntau yam zoo thiab txav tau zoo;
• kev tsis txaus ntseeg thiab kev ntseeg siab thaum ua haujlwm.

"Abrams" kuj muaj nws qhov zoo. Nov yog:

• tiv thaiv muaj zog;
• automation ntawm kev tswj hwm kev sib ntaus sib tua, uas muab kev nkag mus ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub sijhawm;
• txhim khu kev qha cais cov neeg coob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov mos txwv;
• zoo maneuverability;
• siab zog ceev.

Kev xav

Nyob rau xyoo 2012, cov xovxwm luam tawm ib tsab xov xwm los ntawm V. Stepanov, uas yog tus kws kho mob ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab tus thawj coj ntawm JSC VNIItransmash. Nws tham txog kev tsom xam ntawm txoj hauv kev rau kev sib piv kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub tank. Thiab, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, ntawm no tau muab kev kwv yees ntawm cov tub rog-technical theem qhia (VTU) ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plawsCov tsheb tub rog, suav nrog Lavxias T-90A thiab T-90MS, nrog rau M1A2 thiab M1A2 SEP.

VTU raug xam raws li ntau qhov ntsuas: kev ruaj ntseg, kev ua haujlwm muaj peev xwm, hluav taws xob thiab kev txav mus los. Tom qab ntawd cov ntsuas kev ua tau zoo ntawm tag nrho cov tshuab saum toj no nrog rau qee qhov siv tank. Lawv xaiv T-90A, uas txhais tau hais tias nws WTU=1.0. Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov tsheb American M1A2 thiab M1A2 SEP tau ntsuas ntawm 1.0 thiab 1.32, raws li WTU ntawm T-90MS Tagil tank tshiab tau txiav txim siab li 1, 42.. Cov kev suav ua tiav yuav muaj qhov yuam kev tsis tseem ceeb ntawm tsis pub ntau tshaj 10%. Los ntawm qhov no peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias muaj qhov sib thooj tiag tiag ntawm cov theem ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws txawv teb chaws analogues nrog Lavxias teb sab T-90A thiab nws cov qauv niaj hnub - T-90AM tank.