Hnub no, ntau thiab ntau zaus koj tuaj yeem hnov txog kev sib tham txog kev ua tub rog ntawm ob lub tebchaws loj: Russia thiab Tebchaws Meskas. Feem ntau peb tab tom tham txog cov cuab yeej hnyav, xws li tso tsheb hlau luam thiab phom tus kheej. Piv txwv li, cov vaunted Abrams raug suav hais tias yog los ntawm ntau tus neeg zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Tab sis lawv tsis coj mus rau hauv tus account tib German Leopard 2A7, raws li zoo raws li lub Lavxias teb sab T-90. Cia peb ua qhov sib piv me me ntawm Lavxias thiab Asmeskas tso tsheb hlau luam thiab saib leej twg ua tiav hauv qhov no, thiab leej twg yuav tsum tau kho lawv cov riam phom.
Ib me ntsis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Peb tuaj yeem hais tau nyab xeeb tias T-90 thiab M1A1 tso tsheb hlau luam, aka Abrams, yog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Lavxias thiab Western tank lub tsev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tswv yim tsim thiab thev naus laus zis yog qhov txawv txav. Piv txwv li, "Abrams" thiab "Panther 2A7" yog qhov tseem ceeb los sib piv, vim lawv xyaum tsis txawv. Qhov xwm txheej nrog T-90 txawv heev.
T-72 tuaj yeem hu ua tus thawj coj ntawm T-90, thaum lub tom kawg yog kev hloov pauv tob ntawm yav dhau los. Lub ntsiab armament yog 125 mm smoothbore phom. Tom qab kev txhim kho, kev ruaj ntseg nce 300%. Ntawm no tshwm sim muaj zog passive thiab semi-active armor, thiabkev tiv thaiv dynamic. Tag nrho cov no tau muab tso rau hauv lub tank yam tsis muaj qhov hnyav ntawm qhov kawg.
Peb tuaj yeem hais tias qhov teeb tsa ntawm T-90 yog qhov tuab heev. Qhov no, ntawm ib sab, yog qhov zoo, ntawm qhov tod tes, nws tsis yog, uas peb yuav tham txog me ntsis tom qab. Tom qab cov welded turrets pib tsim, muaj peev xwm ntxiv dag zog rau armor. Raws li rau lub zog cog, qhov no yog B92C2 diesel cav.
Yog tias peb tham txog cov txheej txheem, ces nws qhov ceev ceev tso cai rau koj los ua ib lub tsheb uas tsis tshua muaj silhouette thiab cov cuab yeej zoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, thaj tsam ntawm txoj kab ntev thiab cov kab hla hla me me. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov kev npaj no yog qhov uas tsis yog-automated ntawm cov mos txwv yog muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub tank. Qhov no ua rau ammo khib tshwj xeeb yog muaj kev phom sij rau cov yeeb ncuab hluav taws.
M1A1 hauv luv
Nws tsis tuaj yeem hais ob peb lo lus hais txog Asmeskas Abrams. Lub tshuab no tau koom nrog ntau cov tub rog tsis sib haum xeeb thoob ntiaj teb thiab tau ua pov thawj nws tus kheej zoo. Thick armor, zoo dynamics, impressive firepower thiab niaj hnub txhais tau tias ntawm kev taw qhia thiab kev sib txuas lus. Nws yog rau qhov no uas cov tub rog Asmeskas poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog M1A1.
Lub Abrams, tsis hais txog kev hloov kho, yog nruab nrog cov phom German zoo dua Rh-120 (M256). Lub tsheb sib ntaus hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas muaj npe nrov rau nws cov cuab yeej zoo heev, uas muaj cov phaj sib xyaw. Tab sis nws puas yog qhov zoo heev thiab seb nws puas dhau qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm T-90, peb yuav txiav txim siab me ntsis tom qab.
Raws li kev teeb tsa, Abrams tsis txawv ntau ntawm nws cov txheeb ze Western hauv qhov ntsuas no. Piv txwv li,qhov ntim ntawm booked yog yuav luag 20 cubic meters. Hauv T-90, daim duab no yog ib nrab ntawm qhov ntawd. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm M1A1, nrog rau qhov zoo dua, yog qhov chaw ntawm cov mos txwv khib. Plhaub muab tso rau hauv lub turret thiab hull nyob rau hauv kev sib cais. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov phaj knockout. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov kev daws teeb meem no yog tias tag nrho cov mos txwv thauj khoom yog nyob rau hauv lub turret, thiab nws yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws rau kev foob pob.
Yog tias peb piv cov tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm Russia thiab Tebchaws Meskas hais txog kev cog hluav taws xob, ces lub cav fais fab yuav luag tib yam. Txawm li cas los xij, lub tsheb Asmeskas tau nruab nrog lub cav roj turbine, uas muaj roj ntau dua li Lavxias teb sab diesel.
Sib piv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab kev tswj hluav taws kub
M1A1 thiab M1A2 tau nruab nrog 120 mm smoothbore phom. Thawj qhov ceev ntawm qhov projectile yog 1625 m / s, thiab qhov hluav taws kub yog li 8 rounds ib feeb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus nqi hluav taws kub thaum lub sijhawm txav mus los, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau thaj chaw ntxhib, txo qis heev. Cov mos txwv muaj armor-piercing sub-caliber plhaub. Feem ntau cov no yog ntau hom mos txwv, piv txwv li, M829A1, M829A2, M829A3. Ob peb xyoos dhau los, M1A1 thiab M1A2 tau ua tub rog nrog cov qauv tshiab M829A3 plhaub, uas yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws rau Lavxias T-90. Feem ntau, qhov no yog ib qho kev cog lus US tank nrog riam phom muaj zog heev. Tab sis cia saib dab tsi Lavxias teb sab tsim thiab engineers npaj nyob rau hauv teb.
T-90 yog armed nrog 125 mm smoothbore phom. Thawj qhov ceev ntawm qhov projectile yog 1750 meters ib ob, uas yog me ntsis siab dua li ntawm Abrams. Cov mos txwv rau feem ntau yog muaj armor-piercingsub-caliber plhaub ntawm lub 80s qauv. Vim li no, peb tuaj yeem hais tias nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm armor penetration, Lavxias teb sab shells yog me ntsis tom qab, yog li ntawd lawv yuav tsum tau hloov nrog tshiab. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog qhov nyuaj heev los hloov cov mos txwv rau cov tshiab, vim tias muaj kev txwv ntawm lub tshuab nqa tsis siv neeg raws li qhov ntev ntawm qhov teeb tsa projectiles. Tus nqi hluav taws kub ntawm rab phom yog 8 rounds ib feeb. Ntawm kev txav - txog 6 txhaj tshuaj. Lwm feature ntawm T-90 yog hais tias nws yog armed nrog lub Reflex-M KUV. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo rau kev tua hluav taws ntawm qhov deb ntawm 3 km, uas yog 2 npaug ntau dua li lub vojvoog ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm lwm cov tso tsheb hlau luam niaj hnub no. "Reflex-M" tso cai rau koj los yeej kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm T-90 txawm tias ua ntej nkag mus rau thaj tsam ntawm hluav taws zoo.
T-90 hluav taws tswj qhov system
T-90 tau nruab nrog SLA nrog rau ib hnub thiab hmo ntuj pom. Lub hnub pom muaj kev ywj pheej stabilization ntawm ob lub dav hlau. Qhov ntawd tso cai rau tus neeg tua phom ua haujlwm tau zoo dua. Hmo pom qhov system muaj kev ruaj ntseg nyob hauv ob lub dav hlau. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm xws li kev tswj hluav taws kub yog qhov nyuaj rau taug qab thiab tua hluav taws thaum hmo ntuj ntawm kev txav lub hom phiaj. Kev hloov kho T-90S yog nruab nrog kev txhim kho Essa thermal imaging pom, uas tso cai rau koj mus taug qab thiab tua hluav taws ntawm lub hom phiaj hauv qhov tsaus ntuj.
Yog tias peb piv niaj hnub US thiab Lavxias tso tsheb hlau luam ("Abrams" thiab T-90), qhov kawg txawv ntawm qhov lawv muaj cov khoom ntxiv thiab lub kaum ntse ntse. Cov cuab yeej no yog txuam nrog ntsug thiabkab rov tav axis ntawm lub platform thiab daim iav reflector. Qhov kev daws teeb meem no tso cai rau koj los ua ke ua haujlwm ntawm ob qhov kev pom kev ywj pheej rau hauv ib qho kev pom. Cov kab hauv qab yog kom siv tag nrho cov peev txheej ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv. Mount ob lub correctors. Thawj qhov yog tsim los tshem tawm qhov yuam kev hauv kev taug qab ntawm qhov pom qhov system, uas yog vim qhov tsis raug ntawm kev teeb tsa. Qhov thib ob tshem tawm qhov yuam kev nyob rau hauv lub installation ntawm kis mechanisms. Lwm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Abrams yog tias tus thawj coj T-90 muaj peev xwm tua hluav taws hauv av thiab huab cua lub hom phiaj los ntawm lub tshuab phom ruaj khov.
Abrams hluav taws tswj qhov system
Lub tank tshiab tshaj plaws US M1A1 muaj ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb, uas yog tus thawj coj muaj peev xwm tshawb nrhiav lub hom phiaj. Qhov no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pom thaum lub tsheb txav. Tab sis qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tau pom thiab tshem tawm hauv kev hloov kho tom ntej ntawm M1A2. Ib qho panoramic thermal pom yog twb ntsia rau ntawd. Hauv qhov no, tus thawj coj tuaj yeem taug qab thiab txheeb xyuas cov hom phiaj txav mus.
FCS ntawm Abrams tank yog niaj hnub ntau dua li ntawm T-90. Tus neeg tua phom ua haujlwm nrog lub ntsiab pom, uas muaj lub thermal imager thiab rangefinder. Multiplicity ntawm txhua hnub channel x3 thiab x10, nrog ntsug stabilization. Kuj tseem muaj qhov kev pabcuam yim-fold pom yam tsis muaj kev ruaj khov. Feem ntau, kev tswj hluav taws kub ntawm M1A2 kev hloov kho yog niaj hnub ntau dua. Nws muab rau lub xub ntiag ntawm thermal imaging koob yees duab rau cov commander thiab gunner. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tau ua tiav nyob ntawm qhov kev tswj hwm hluav taws xob tsis siv neeg. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tswj hluav taws xob (ECU) tso cai rau koj kom ruaj khov rau qhov pom kev ywj pheej, rab phom tsav. Feem ntau, peb tuaj yeem hais tias yog tias peb piv cov tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm Russia thiab NATO, tom qab ntawd ua tiav ntawm SLA. Tab sis T-90 yeej tseem ceeb ntawm qhov deb.
Ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm Abrams thiab T-90 tso tsheb hlau luam
Pom zoo, kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ciaj sia ntawm lub tank ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua. Yog li ntawd, kev ruaj ntseg yuav tsum raug suav hais tias yog ib yam khoom sib cais. Qhov tseeb US M1A2 lub tank muaj cov phom tuab tuab, tab sis lawv cov txiaj ntsig qis dua li ntawm T-90. Piv txwv li, tus pej thuam yog nruab nrog steel armor daim hlau nrog stiffeners, ntawm cov uas yog stacked armor pob khoom ua los ntawm hlau thiab composite. Feem ntau, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv zoo li no txaus, tab sis kev tiv thaiv thaum ntaus yog txo qis. Ob sab ntawm M1A2 turret tseem muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua li cov T-90. Cov kws tshaj lij hais tias txawm hais tias lub turret ntawm American tank yog armored, nws yog yooj yim nkag tau los ntawm armor-piercing shells.
T-90 khav theeb ib nrab turret armor. Nws yog peb txheej txheej txheem. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub kaum sab xis ntawm inclination ntawm armor ntawm lub frontal ib feem ntawm lub pej thuam tso cai rau siv ntau npaum li cas ntawm nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tub rog Lavxias teb sab tso tsheb hlau luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog T-90, muaj kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm Hom-5. Nws tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev sib sau thiab armor-piercing sub-caliber projectiles. Vim yog kev tsim lub zog sab nraud, lub hauv paus tseem ceeb tsis ruaj khov, uas ua rau nws puas tsuaj ua ntej nws los rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog lub ntsiab armor ntawm lub tank.
Peb tuaj yeem kos tau dab tsi?
Qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tank xav tau, lawv yuav ua lawv txoj haujlwm zoo dua. Yog li ntawd lawv yeej ib txwm sim txhim kho lub frontal armor. Txij li thaum Abrams thiab T-90 tau tsim nyob rau hauv Kev Tsov Rog Txias, qhov kev saib xyuas feem ntau tau them rau sab pem hauv ntej ntawm lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum sib ntaus sib tua hauv thaj chaw qhib taub hau. Tab sis tam sim no, muaj qhov tshwm sim siab ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua tank hauv cov xwm txheej hauv nroog. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis muaj kev nkag siab zoo rau kev ntaus cov tub rog pem hauv ntej txog li 800 mm tuab, vim tias nws yooj yim dua rau kev tawg ntawm sab lossis stern. Feem ntau muaj lub thickness ntawm cov armor tsis ntau tshaj 100 mm.
Qhov no yog vim li cas Lavxias lub tank hnyav, zoo li Asmeskas, muaj cov ntsiab lus tsis muaj zog. Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm qhov zoo ntawm T-90, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias muaj peev xwm tsoo lub hom phiaj nrog cov cuaj luaj coj mus rau qhov deb txog li 5 km, kev ua haujlwm zoo, muaj hluav taws kub siab, thiab cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo. Raws li rau "Abrams", ces nws tsis yog tsis muaj zog. Cov neeg Amelikas muaj nuj nqis rau lawv cov neeg coob, yog li lawv ib txwm cais nws tawm ntawm cov phom phom. Ib qho ntxiv, M1A1 thiab M1A2 muaj lub zog muaj zog ntom thiab zoo maneuverability, nrog rau kev tswj hluav taws zoo heev. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog qhov kawg ntawm kev sib piv ntawm Lavxias thiab Asmeskas tso tsheb hlau luam. Tam sim no peb yuav xav txog ob peb lub tshuab niaj hnub. Cov tso tsheb hlau luam no tab tom txhim kho, tab sis nws twb paub tseeb tias lawv yuav raug dov tawm ntawm txoj kab sib dhos sai sai.
Tshiab Lavxias tso tsheb hlau luam: "Armata"
tsheb sib ntaus sib tua hnyav "Armata" yog tsim los hloov T-72, T-80, thiab ib nrab T-90. Cov kws tshaj lij tau sau tseg tias cov tub rog-txheej txheem qib ntawm "Armata" yuav siab dua los ntawm 20-30.% tshaj li tag nrho cov analogues uas twb muaj lawm nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb, los yog qhov sib txawv ntawm lub tank no thiab T-90, yog cov neeg coob, roj tank thiab mos txwv khib yuav nyob rau hauv nyias chav. Qhov no yuav ua rau kom muaj sia nyob ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua txawm tias cov cuab yeej tawg. Chav tsev yuav nruab nrog lub cav 1200 horsepower, uas yuav ua kom txaus maneuverability nrog lub tank hnyav ntawm 50 tons.
Ib qho tuaj yeem hais tau tias riam phom tseem ceeb ntawm Russia yog cov tso tsheb hlau luam, nrog rau cov phom nws tus kheej. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias muaj ntau dua li cov neeg Asmeskas, los ntawm 20-35%. Txawm li cas los xij, kev muaj sia nyob ntawm thev naus laus zis tag nrho yog qis dua. Tias yog vim li cas cov neeg tsim khoom tau them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau kev tiv thaiv "Armata". Qhov no yog ntau txheej "pie" uas muaj cov hlau, ceramic thiab cov pob khoom sib xyaw. Kev siv cov qib steel tshiab tau ua kom muaj peev xwm ua kom cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov cuab yeej los ntawm 15% thiab tib lub sijhawm txo qhov hnyav ntawm lub tsheb los ntawm tib tus nqi. "Armata" yuav nruab nrog 125-mm cannon, zoo ib yam li German riam phom L-55, tab sis tshaj nws cov yam ntxwv ntawm 20%. Cov mos txwv tshwj xeeb nrog kev nkag mus ntxiv tau tsim los rau rab phom zoo li no.
Yog li peb tau saib cov tso tsheb hlau luam Lavxias tshiab. Armata thiab T-90 yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv. Zoo, tam sim no - hais txog kev vam meej tshaj plaws hauv Asmeskas.
Ntawm US tanks: kev txhim kho siab heev
Tam sim no, Asmeskas tsis tau tsim cov tso tsheb hlau luam tshiab. Rau feem ntau, lawv tau koom nrog kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm M1A1 thiab M1A2. Tau kawg, kev txhim kho tab tom ua hauv qee thaj chaw, tab sis nws tsis zoo li tias lub ntiaj teb yuav pom cov tshiab nyob rau ob peb xyoos tom ntej no. US tso tsheb hlau luam, txawm hais tias cov ntaub ntawv raug cais tawm thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem hais dab tsi nrog kev ntseeg siab ntawm lub ncauj lus no. Tej zaum cov tsheb tshiab yuav tshwm sim thaum kawg ntawm 2015, ob peb tus neeg paub dab tsi txog qhov no.
Tab sis nws twb paub lawm tias kev txhim kho yuav raug ua raws li kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm thiab kev txav mus los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, yog li ntawd, niaj hnub US tanks yuav muaj cov ris tsho nyias nyias, muaj zog hauv qab thiab lub zog cog. Hloov chaw, peb tab tom tham txog kev tshawb nrhiav, thiab tsis yog hais txog cov tank tsim los rau kev sib tsoo taub hau. Tshwj xeeb, kev txhim kho tseem tab tom tsim los tsim cov tshuab rau cov neeg coob ntawm 2 lossis 3 tus neeg nrog lub pej thuam tsis muaj neeg nyob. Piv txwv li, ib lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua nrog cov neeg coob ntawm 2 tus neeg yuav muaj 1500 horsepower engine, ib tug tsawg silhouette. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov hnyav, piv rau M1A1, yuav yog 20-30% tsawg dua, uas yuav ua rau kom lub zog ntom ntom.
Nws yog qhov nyuaj hais tias cov tank zoo li no yuav ua haujlwm nrog Tebchaws Meskas, tab sis lawv txoj kev txhim kho tab tom pib, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov yam ntxwv thiab kev muaj peev xwm ntawm cov tsheb hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tsis tau nthuav tawm. Feem ntau, cov neeg Asmeskas muaj M1A2 thiab nws cov kev hloov kho. Cov tso tsheb hlau luam no ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau niaj hnub no thiab muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo, suav nrog kev muaj sia nyob, hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Vim li no, lawv tseem tsis tau hloov pauv. Cov niaj hnub thiab qib siab tshaj plaws yog US tub rog tso tsheb hlau luam TUSK. Qhov no yog kev hloov kho ntawm M1A2, uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug tej thaj chaw deb tswj rab phom tshuab thiab txhim kho kuv kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub hauv qab ntawm lub tsheb.
Zoo kawg
Yog li peb ua qhov sib piv me me ntawm Lavxias thiab Asmeskas tso tsheb hlau luam. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, ob lub tebchaws muajmuaj peev xwm ua tub rog siab. Nyob nruab nrab ntawm T-90 thiab Abrams, tuam txhab kev sib ntaus sib tua (10x10) tau simulated, uas qhia tau tias T-90 zoo dua nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm thaj av steppe. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hilly struts muab qee qhov txiaj ntsig, txawm tias me me, rau Asmeskas thev naus laus zis. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no nws nyuaj rau kev tua hluav taws ntawm qhov deb, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog cov missile coj.
Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm T-90 yog tias txhua qhov kev txhim kho thiab kev txhim kho yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm patents, nrog rau cov qauv. Tsis muaj kev ntsuas tseem ceeb los txhim kho kev tiv thaiv, muaj zog, thiab tua cov yam ntxwv. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj qhov teeb meem hnyav ntawm kev cob qhia tsis txaus ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tank, uas, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev sib tsoo hnyav, yuav tsum tau teb sai thiab raug. Qhov no yuav tsum muaj qee qhov kev paub. Ob qho tib si Abrams thiab T-90 yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv hom. Xav txog Armada lub tank raws li tus neeg sib tw tiag tiag, nrog rau kev txhim kho Asmeskas, tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias lub tank raug soj ntsuam thaum lub sij hawm sim ntawm qhov chaw, thiab tsis nyob rau hauv lub hangar. Nws yuav zoo li tias nws yog qhov zoo tagnrho, tab sis thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tseem ceeb yuav tshwm sim. Qhov ntawd, hauv paus ntsiab lus, yog txhua yam uas tuaj yeem hais luv luv txog cov tso tsheb hlau luam hauv kev pabcuam nrog Tebchaws Meskas thiab Russia. Lawv yuav luag zoo ib yam nrog qhov sib txawv me me xwb.
