Thawj zaug, lub legendary Kalashnikov phom phom (AK) tau nkag mus rau hauv kev pabcuam nrog cov tub rog Soviet hauv xyoo 1949. Vim nws cov duab, cov tub rog kuj hu nws "oar". Tom qab ntawd, hauv kev sib zog los txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm, cov phom ntev tau hloov kho dua tshiab. Kev txiav txim los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas, ntau tus neeg nyiam ntawm cov riam phom tsis siv neeg txaus siab yuav ua li cas paub qhov txawv ntawm Kalashnikov phom phom? Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias ntau cov qauv ntawm AK tau tsim, uas muaj lawv tus kheej cov yam ntxwv thiab cov qauv tsim. Kalashnikov phom phom ntawm txhua tus qauv, raws li cov kws tshaj lij, tau dhau los ua tau zoo heev. Txawm tias niaj hnub no, hloov kho versions ntawm lub legendary AK yog siv los ntawm Lavxias teb sab tub ceev xwm cov koom haum. Cov lus piav qhia ntawm txhua tus qauv ntawm Kalashnikov phom phom thiab cov duab ntawm txhua qhov kev hloov kho muaj nyob rau hauv kab lus no.
AK 1949
Ntawm txhua tus qauv ntawm Kalashnikov rab phom tua phom, chav tsev phom loj no yog thawj zaug. Hauv technicalCov ntaub ntawv - raws li qhov ntsuas 56-A-212. Cov Tub Rog Liab tau nkag mus rau hauv kev pabcuam hauv xyoo 1949 nrog 870-millimeter riam phom nrog lub tshuab txais thiab tsis muaj peev xwm siv lub bayonet. Tua 7.62 x 39mm cartridges. Xyoo 1943 tso tawm. Ib rab phom tua phom nrog 415 mm chim, uas muaj 4 rab phom. ua 369mm. lub cev ntev. Khaws hom mos txwv. Cov clip yog tsim rau 30 mos txwv. Kev tua hluav taws los ntawm rab phom tshuab tuaj yeem nqa tawm ntawm qhov deb txog li 800 m. Ib tug neeg tua hluav taws tua tau txog li 100 lub plhaub ntawm lub hom phiaj hauv kev tawg ib feeb thiab 40 ib lub plhaub. Cov mos txwv ya tawm nrog qhov pib ceev ntawm 715 m / s. Nrog cov mos txwv khoob, lub tshuab hnyav tsis ntau tshaj 4300 g, tag nrho cov khoom siv - 4786 g. Lub cartridge hnyav 16.2 g, cov ntaub ntawv cartridge - 6.8 g. Qhov hnyav ntawm qhov projectile yog 7.95 g, cov hmoov nplej yog 1.6 g. muaj qhov ntev ntawm 55, 9 mm, lub tes tsho - 38, 7 mm. Lub hom phiaj raug ntaus los ntawm ib lub mos txwv 26mm. Soviet designers raws li thawj AK tsim ob peb txoj kev xaiv. Cov hauv qab no yog cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lwm cov qauv ntawm Kalashnikov phom phom nrog cov npe thiab cov duab.
AKS 56-A-212M
Tsis zoo li cov AK yooj yim, cov riam phom tshiab muaj peev xwm los txhim kho lub bayonet. Cov riam phom tshiab yog 64.5 cm ntev, nws tua 7.62 x 39 mm cartridges. Ob tus qauv ntawm 1949 Kalashnikov phom phom.
Lub teeb AK 7, 62mm, 1953
Tsis siv neeg ntsuas 56-A-212. Hauv kev sib zog los txo qhov hnyav ntawm AK no, cov neeg tsim qauv tau teeb tsa lub milled receiver, npog rau nws thiab cov clip. Muaj cov ribs stiffening nyob rau sab phab ntsa ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm. Hloov qhov loj ntawm cov Tshuag thiab txoj kev nws txuas nrog lub receiver. Txawm tias tus tsimkev tsim kho tshiab, chav tsev phom phom no tseem hu ua AK. Cov khoom txav thiab cov khoom sib tw ntawm 56-A-212 riam phom tsis txawv ntawm cov qauv yav dhau los ntawm Kalashnikov phom phom. Lub teeb version yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug tshem tau bladed 275-gram bayonet (56-X-212). Qhov hnyav ntawm scabbard yog 100 g. Qhov hnyav ntawm lub unloaded AK yog 3800 g, ib lub hnab ntawv khoob yog 330 g. Qhov ntev ntawm riam phom nrog ib tug bayonet ntsia mus txog 107.6 cm. Cov hniav yog 20 cm ntev thiab 2.2 cm dav..
About AKC 1953
Hauv cov ntaub ntawv qhia kev, riam phom hauv qab lub cim 56-A-212. Tsis zoo li yav dhau los qauv, Kalashnikov phom phom nrog cov hlau folding Tshuag. Nws tseem tau nruab nrog cov cartridges ntawm 7.62 x 39 hli, qauv 1943. Yog tias koj nthuav lub pob tw thiab txuas lub bayonet, qhov ntev ntawm cov riam phom yuav yog 107.6 cm. Nrog cov mos txwv khoob, AKS yuav hnyav tsis tshaj 4568 g.
Koj tuaj yeem nruab lub tshuab tua hluav taws uas ntsiag to (PBS), uas feem ntau hu ua lub suab ntsiag to, ntawm lub tshuab. Cov cuab yeej hnyav 623 g. AKS nyob rau hauv qhov ntsuas 65-A-212 muaj qhov tshwj xeeb aiming bar, siv ob qho tib si cartridges thiab mos txwv nrog ib tug txo qhov projectile ceev. Tag nrho qhov hnyav ntawm riam phom yog 4711g. Cov phom phom tshiab tau teev npe raws li AKN. Nrog rau cov cuab yeej no thiab tsis muaj mos txwv, qhov hnyav ntawm riam phom tau nce mus rau 7480 g, nrog cartridges - 8185 g.
AKM 1959
Yog rab phom tshuab niaj hnubKalashnikov 7, 62 mm (index 6P1). Qee qhov kev hloov pauv tau ua rau tus tsim ntawm AK los ntawm Soviet gunsmiths, piv txwv li, txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm rab phom tshuab nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm kab rov tav, lub tshuab hauv lub bolt ncej tau muab tso rau sab xis. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus txhais tau nruab nrog ib tug retarder.
Vim li ntawd, lub sijhawm voj voog tau nce ntxiv, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau qhov raug. Hloov chaw qub bayonet, AKM yog nruab nrog 278 mm bayonet-rhi tshiab (index 6 x 3). Qhov ntev ntawm qhov txiav yog 14.8 cm, qhov dav yog 3 cm. Bakelite plywood yog siv los tsim cov khoom ntawm cov khoom, uas yog lub pob tw, forearm thiab overlays. Cov phom phom hloov kho tshiab tsim tawm xyoo 1959 muaj cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo hauv qab no:
- Fires 7.62 x 39mm rounds 1943
- Qhov ntev ntawm tag nrho lub tshuab nrog lub bayonet yog 102 cm, tsis muaj bayonet - 87 cm, lub thoob yog 41.5 cm.
- Thiab ib feeb, tus neeg tua hluav taws tuaj yeem tua tau 40 lub mos txwv nrog ib qho hluav taws, 100 tawg.
- Lub hom phiaj tau nce mus txog 1,000 meters.
- Nrog cov mos txwv khoob thiab tsis muaj riam, AKM hnyav 3100 g, nrog cov cartridges - 3600 g.
Hauv xyoo 1969, lub muzzle compensator tau tsim rau riam phom. Nws yog nthuav nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb nozzle nrog ib tug oblique txiav. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov qauv tshiab ntawm Kalashnikov phom phom nrog bayonet-knives (index 6 x 4).
Hais txog kev hloov kho tshwj xeeb AKMS, AKMN thiab AKM nrog PBS-1
Xyoo 1959, cov tub rog Soviet tau txais Kalashnikov phom phom nyob rau hauv qhov ntsuas 6P4. Cov neeg tsim khoom tau txo qhov ntev ntawm riam phom rau 88 cm. Nrog rau qhov khoobAKMS mos txwv hnyav txog li 330 g. Nws yog nruab nrog cov cartridges ntawm 7,62 hli caliber. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, automation hauv cov qauv no yog tib yam li hauv AKM.
AKMN yog ib rab phom Kalashnikov niaj hnub siv nrog cov cuab yeej pom kev hmo ntuj. Nws tshwm nyob rau hauv qhov ntsuas 6P1N. Tus tsim muaj ib tug muzzle compensator thiab ib tug tshwj xeeb bracket rau mounting hmo ntuj pom. Cov mos txwv yog muab los ntawm cov khw muag khoom yas.
AKM nrog lub suab ntsiag to PBS-1 (index 6Ch12), zoo li yav dhau los versions ntawm phom phom, tua hluav taws 7.62 hli cartridges. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, cov yam ntxwv ntawm txhua tus qauv ntawm Kalashnikov phom phom yog zoo tib yam.
Txhim kho qhov sib txawv nrog grenade launcher thiab hmo ntuj pom kev pom
Cov phom phom tua phom, uas 40-mm GP-25 grenade launcher raug teeb tsa, paub hauv cov ntaub ntawv kev tshaj lij hauv qab qhov ntsuas 6G15. Tsis muaj mos txwv thiab grenades, AKM hnyav 6010 g. Kalashnikov phom phom nrog kev pom thaum hmo ntuj tau txais cov ntawv luv AKMSN. Cov khoom siv no tau nthuav tawm hauv ob lub qauv: NSP-ZA (1PN-27) thiab NSPU (1PN-34). Tsis muaj daim cartridges nrog pom, chav tsev phom loj muaj qhov hnyav ntawm 6255 g.
AK-74
Txij li xyoo 1974, cov tub rog Soviet tau ua tub rog nrog 5.45 hli Kalashnikov phom phom. Ntawm cov tub rog, tus qauv no hu ua AK-74 (index 6P20).
Tsis zoo li cov ntawv dhau los, riam phom muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
- Ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm qhov pom pem hauv ntej nrog ob lub cylindrical nozzles. Pem hauv ntejnruab nrog ib tug xov los ntawm uas ib tug muzzle nres-compensator (DTK) yog txuas rau riam phom. Cov yeeb nkab nram qab yog nruab nrog lub ledge nrog ib lub qhov. Ib tug ramrod muab tso rau hauv nws.
- Assault phom nrog ntev ob chav DTC.
- Lub raj roj muaj lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws oval.
- Shutter txo.
- phom phom nrog roj hmab recoil ncoo.
- Tag nrho USM qhov chaw raug nthuav tawm hauv ib lub rooj sib txoos.
About Features
AK-74 muaj cov ntsuas hauv qab no:
- Kev tua yog nqa tawm nrog cov cartridges ntawm 5, 45 x 39 mm qauv 1974
- Ua ke nrog lub bayonet riam phom ntev 94 cm.
- Thaum tua ib zaug ib feeb, koj tuaj yeem tua tau 40 lub mos txwv, tawg - 100.
- rab phom tua tau zoo ntawm qhov deb tsis tshaj 1 txhiab meters.
- Nyhav AK-74 nrog npliag ammo - 3300 g, nrog cartridges thiab tsis muaj bayonet - 3600 g.
- 10.2g cartridge nruab nrog 3.4g mos txwv thiab hmoov nqi (1.45g).
- Tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm cov mos txwv yog 57 hli, cov ntaub ntawv cartridge yog 39.6 hli. Cov mos txwv 25.5mm muaj cov tub ntxhais hlau.
- Lub projectile raug rho tawm haujlwm ntawm lub hom phiaj txav ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm 900 m / s.
AKS74, AK74NZ thiab phom phom nrog GP-25
Cov phom no, uas yog AKS74 (index 6P21) muaj cov khoom siv hlau folding. Yog tias nws yog folded, qhov ntev ntawm lub tshuab yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 70 cm. Nrog rau cov ntawv xov xwm khoob, riam phom hnyav 3200 g, nrog tag nrho cov mos txwv - 3500 g. 6 x5) siv iav-filled polyamide PA6S-211DS.
Lub AK74NZ (6P20NZ) siv NSPU-3 hmo pom kev pom. Tsis siv neeg tshuab nrog lub taub qab hlau phaj, uas muaj transverse corrugations. Nrog cov cuab yeej ntsia, qhov hnyav ntawm Kalash yuav yog 5600 g.
Rau AK 74 xyoo ntawm kev tso tawm, nws tuaj yeem txhim kho grenade launchers GP-25 ntawm 40 mm caliber. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv lub hau ntawm lub receiver los ntawm kev dhia tawm, lub pob nyob rau hauv lub rov qab mechanism yog tuav los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb latch. Cov qauv no muaj cov khoom lag luam nrog rubberized recoil ncoo. Nrog GP-25 yam tsis muaj cartridges thiab grenades, riam phom hnyav 5200 g.
Short version
Xyoo 1979, 5.45mm Kalashnikov rab phom tua phom, hu ua AKS74U (6P26), tau nkag mus rau kev pabcuam. Tsim los ntawm lub Hoobkas riam phom hauv Tula. Tsis zoo li cov qauv yooj yim, AKS74U nrog lub thoob luv luv, qis qis tshaj tawm thiab raug. Txawm li cas los xij, rab phom tua phom no suav tias yog kev tua ceev heev.
AKS74U tau nruab nrog cov tub rog tshwj xeeb ntawm Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog Tub Rog, tub ceev xwm, cov tub ceev xwm, sappers thiab BM tsav tsheb. Lub tshuab yog tsim los rhuav tshem cov yeeb ncuab manpower ntawm luv luv. Tsis tas li ntawd, luv luv AKC yog yooj yim rau siv nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam. Lub bracket tau tsim los rau chav tsev phom ntev, nrog rau qhov pom kev hmo ntuj tuaj yeem txuas nrog rab phom tshuab. Cov mos txwv yog tsim los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm uas muaj peev xwm ntawm 20 thiab 30 mos txwv. Tua riam phom nrog cartridges 5, 45x39 mm. piv 1974. Barrel ntev 21 cm. Lub hom phiaj ntau yam txo rau500 m. Lub tshuab hnyav tsis ntau tshaj 2710 g. Kuj tseem muaj cov kev xaiv rau luv luv tshuab phom nrog pom rau kev tua hmo ntuj, nrog cov silencers (AKS74UB) thiab BS-1 grenade launchers.
Kev siv cov nozzles ntxiv tau tshwm sim hauv qhov loj ntawm luv luv "Kalash". Piv txwv li, nrog cov cuab yeej pom kev hmo ntuj, lub tshuab hnyav 4760 g, nrog PBS lossis BS-1 - 5430 g txhua.
