Cam Ranh tub rog puag, Nyab Laj

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:56

Thaum Tsov Rog Nyab Laj, lub hauv paus Cam Ranh tau nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm lub tebchaws thiab ua haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qab rau US Navy. Cov kws ua haujlwm Asmeskas tau tsim lub tshav dav hlau yooj yim thiab qhov chaw nres nkoj tshiab tshaj plaws rau kev xa cov nkoj ua rog. Lub tshav dav hlau nyob hauv tsev rau 12th Tactical Fighter Wing thiab 483rd Tactical Transport Wing ntawm US Air Force. Raws li kev xav ntawm qee tus kws tshaj lij tub rog, B-52 cov foob pob tawg yeej tsis tau nyob ntawm no.

Xyoo 1972, Tebchaws Meskas tau hloov lub hauv paus Cam Ranh mus rau kev siv tub rog Nyab Laj. Lub Plaub Hlis 3, 1975, lub nroog tau los ntawm North Nyab Laj cov tub rog. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum Lub Caij Nplooj Ntoos Hlav.

Keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim cov tub rog Lavxias teb sab hauv Cam Ranh

Los ntawm nruab nrab-60s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, Soviet nkoj pib tshawb dej hiav txwv thiab ua tub rog nyob ntawd. Nkoj thiab submarines, dav hlau ntawm USSR Air Force nyob hauv qhov chaw qhib dej hiav txwv txhawm rau tswj kev nyab xeeb hauv cheeb tsam.

Qhov nce ntawm cov nkoj caij nkoj hauv dej hiav txwv thiab kev siv dav dav ntawm tub rog aviation xav tau kev thauj mus los thiab kev txhawb nqa. Tsis muaj lub hauv paus nyob txawv teb chaws, Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm Tseem Ceeb ntawm Navy tau pib ua haujlwm, thaum lub sijhawm ntawdCov ntsiab lus tshiab tau raug xaiv los ua lub hauv paus Soviet ships thiab aircraft nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub teb chaws tus phooj ywg rau lub Soviet Union.

Cam Ranh txaus siab dab tsi?

Lub hauv paus Cam Ranh, uas yav dhau los siv los ntawm Asmeskas cov tub rog, tau ua kom txaus nyiam rau cov tub rog ntawm Soviet Union nrog nws txoj haujlwm zoo thiab yooj yim rau qhov chaw ntawm nkoj thiab dav hlau.

Qhov chaw thaj chaw muaj kev vam meej ntawm thaj chaw ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tswj hwm Malay thiab Singapore Straits, ua haujlwm hauv xov tooj cua txawj ntse, kev taw qhia nrhiav pom ntawm Persian Gulf thiab sab qaum teb ntawm Indian Dej Hiav Txwv, Sab Qab Teb Tuam Tshoj. Hiav txwv, Philippine Hiav Txwv thiab East Tuam Tshoj Hiav Txwv.

Lub teb chaws ntawm ASEAN bloc, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev nrawm nrawm ntawm kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis, kuj nyob ntawm no. Lawv muaj cov roj av loj hauv ntug dej hiav txwv thiab ntau qhov kev yuav khoom ntawm cov cuab yeej tshiab thiab cov khoom siv raw rau riam phom.

Daim duab qhia txog Cam Ranh cov tub rog li cas? Lub hauv paus nrog Binba Bay, nyob rau hauv uas nws, qhov tseeb, nyob, yog nyob rau hauv lub ceg av qab teb. Qhov tob thiab qhov loj ntawm lub bay ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los tsim cov chav sib txawv ntawm cov nkoj thiab cov nkoj.

Dhau li ntawm qhov no, Cam Ranh Peninsula muaj qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm ntuj, uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tso chaw hauv paus. Muaj cov dej tshiab loj heev uas siv tau.

Ntxiv rau, cov piers uas tseem tshuav, txoj kev thiab cov tsev tsim tsa los ntawm cov neeg Asmeskas yog qhov yooj yim siv.

Sau daim ntawv xauj tsev

Thaum kawg xyoo 1978, ib pawg neeg sawv cev ntawm USSR tuaj xyuas Nyab Laj. Nws yog cov neeg ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws ntawm Navy thiab Pacific Fleet. Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 30, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm daim ntawv cog lus tau pom zoo, thiab tom qab ntawd kos npe raws tu qauv, uas tau los ua lub hauv paus rau kev sib tham txog kev tsim PMTO thiab nws txoj kev siv nrog Nyab Laj.

Lub Tsib Hlis 2, 1979, kev pom zoo ob tog tau xaus, kos npe los ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm USSR thiab SRV. Daim ntawv cog lus muab rau kev xauj tsev dawb ntawm lub hauv paus rau lub sijhawm 25 xyoo.

Muaj pes tsawg lub nkoj nkoj tuaj yeem nyob ntawm lub hauv paus?

Raws li daim ntawv cog lus kos npe, cov tub rog Nyab Laj lub hauv paus "Cam Ranh" muaj txoj cai los ua: kaum lub nkoj hauv Soviet, yim submarines nrog lub hauv paus ntab thiab rau lub nkoj tub rog rau lwm lub hom phiaj.

Kaum rau lub dav hlau nqa lub dav hlau, cuaj lub dav hlau nrhiav thiab peb lub nkoj thauj huab cua tau tso cai nyob hauv tshav dav hlau.

Raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm tub rog-kev nom kev tswv thiab raws li kev pom zoo ntawm USSR Ministry of Defense thiab MNO SRV, tau tso cai ntau lub nkoj thiab dav hlau.

Pib thaj chaw txhim kho

Lub Cam Ranh Naval Base, daim duab uas qhia hauv qab no, tau pib tsim nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 1979. Soviet warships yog thawj zaug nkag rau ntawd. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, lub nuclear submarine K-45 moored mus rau Nyab Laj chaw nres nkoj nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov. Tsis ntev, Pacific Fleet aircraft tau nyob ntawm lub tshav dav hlau ntawm Cam Ranh puag.

Lub caij ntuj no xyoo 1979, ntawm qhov khoom tseem ceeb xws liCam Ranh puag, tuaj txog ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm lub nkoj ntawm lub Soviet Union, Admiral S. Gorshkov. Tag nrho ib hnub tau mob siab rau kev paub nrog cov tub rog qhov chaw.

Thawj tub rog tub rog ntawm Pacific Fleet tuaj txog ntawm lub hauv paus hauv lub Plaub Hlis 1980. Nws muaj 54 tus neeg. Tom qab ntawd nws tau ntxiv nrog ib pab pawg neeg teeb liab ntawm 24 tus neeg. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tau nyob hauv cov tsev qub Nyab Laj thiab cov tsev pheeb suab ntaub.

Los ntawm 1983 txog 1991, 17th tub rog ua haujlwm tau nyob hauv Cam Ranh, thiab txij lub Yim Hli 1991 txog Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1991, 8th OPESK.

Cov tub rog tub rog ntawm Soviet Union tau ua dab tsi?

Cov lus txib ntawm Navy thiab tsoom fwv ntawm USSR tau muab ntau txoj haujlwm rau qhov chaw zoo xws li Lavxias lub hauv paus hauv Cam Ranh.

Cov hom phiaj hauv qab no tau teeb tsa:

muab hluav taws xob rau txhua lub nkoj nres hauv qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm Cam Ranh, nrog rau cov dav hlau nrog zaub mov thiab dej;
tuav tib theem ntawm cov khoom lag luam ntawm MTS, teeb meem thiab xa cov kev pabcuam thiab cov neeg hla mus rau cov nkoj hla;
nqa tawm kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov nkoj thiab cov nkoj ntawm thaj tsam Pacific thiab Dej Hiav Txwv Indian;
siv lub tshav dav hlau Cam Ranh rau kev faib tawm ntawm kev tiv thaiv submarine aviation thiab kev tshawb nrhiav dav hlau;
tuav koj tus kheej cov txheej txheem;
txhim kho thiab tuav Lavxias-Vietnam kev phooj ywg thiab kev koom tes.

Lub hom phiaj twg tau ua kom yooj yim dua los ntawm kev siv lub hauv paus?

Kev siv cov chaw zoo li lub hauv paus Cam Ranh rau Soviet Navytxhawb kev daws teeb meem zoo heev rau kev muab cov khoom tsim nyog ntawm cov nkoj thiab dav hlau, uas nws cov dej num suav nrog kev daws teeb meem ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm qhov nyuaj.

Cam Ranh yog tib lub hauv paus tub rog Soviet Lavxias nyob 2,500 mais ntawm qhov ze tshaj plaws Soviet chaw nres nkoj.

Cam Ranh raws li kev cog lus ntawm kev thaj yeeb

Lub hauv paus Cam Ranh yog lub hauv paus tub rog loj tshaj plaws ntawm USSR txawv teb chaws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tau ua qhov hnyav rau Asmeskas lub Subic Bay Navy hauv Philippines. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Asia.

Soviet aviation bases

Raws li cov ntaub ntawv rau xyoo 1986, ib qho OSAP sib xyaw ua ke dav dav dav dav nyob rau ntawm lub tshav dav hlau ntawm Cam Ranh puag, uas suav nrog ntau tshaj plaub lub dav hlau Tu-95, plaub lub dav hlau Tu-142, txog nees nkaum Tu-16. aircraft, txog kaum tsib MiG-25 units, ob lub dav hlau thauj An-24 thiab peb lub dav hlau Mi-8. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub hauv paus nrog kev tiv thaiv submarine thiab cov foob pob hluav taws tau raug xa mus rau lub dav hlau dav hlau.

Kev tsim kho tub rog thiab chaw nyob hauv Nyab Laj

Daim ntawv cog lus twg tau kos npe txog qhov chaw tseem ceeb tshaj plaws li Cam Ranh puag (Vietnam)? Xyoo 1984 tau cim qhov kev npaj tshiab. Daim ntawv cog lus ntawm USSR thiab Nyab Laj, tau kos npe rau lub Plaub Hlis 20, tau muab rau kev tsim kho vaj tse thiab lwm yam kev tsim vaj tsev nyob ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv rau Nyab Laj los ntawm USSR.

Nyob rau lub sijhawm xyoo 1985 txog 1987, kev tsim kho thiab kev teeb tsa lub koom haum ntawm Soviet Union "Zagrantekhstroy", uassaib xyuas los ntawm E. S. Bobrenev, tsim 28 yam khoom rau ntau lub hom phiaj. Nws kuj ua vaj tse nyob.

Tus naj npawb ntawm cov tub ceev xwm lub sijhawm ntawd muaj kwv yees li 6,000 tus neeg, suav cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv kev tsim kho. Daim ntawv cog lus ntawm lub Plaub Hlis 20, 1984 tau muab kev hloov chaw mus rau sab Nyab Laj kom siv dawb.

Thawj pawg ntawm cov chaw tau tsim tsa thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1987, tom qab ntawd lawv tau raug txib los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij Soviet rau kev xauj tsev dawb.

Txo kom muaj cov tub rog Soviet nyob ntawm Cam Ranh puag

Tus naj npawb ntawm cov tub rog Soviet ntawm lub hauv paus pib poob mus rau qhov kawg ntawm xyoo 1980. Raws li lawv tau sau nyob rau hauv ib tsab xov xwm nyob rau hauv lub Pravda ntawv xov xwm hnub tim 19 Lub ib hlis ntuj, 1990, qhov txo nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm Soviet pab tub rog nyob rau hauv Cam Ranh coj qhov chaw raws li ib feem ntawm kev ntsuas los txo tus naj npawb ntawm Soviet tub rog nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Asia thiab tuav ib tug purely defensive txoj hauj lwm. nyob rau thaj tsam Pacific.

Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1989 lub dav hlau MiG-23 thiab Tu-16 tau tsiv tawm ntawm qhov ntawd. Thaum pib ntawm xyoo 1990, tsuas yog ib qho kev sib cais ntawm qhov sib txawv, suav nrog kaum lub dav hlau, tau nyob ntawd.

Txij thaum pib ntawm 1992 txog 1993, 119th brigade tau nyob hauv Cam Ranh, uas suav nrog ntau lub nkoj thiab dav hlau. Txij li thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1993, cov tub rog no kuj tau raug tshem tawm. Cov chav nyob ntxiv tau raug subordinated rau 922 PMTO.

Thaum 90s thaum ntxov, ntau qhov chaw nres nkoj tau pauv mus rau sab Nyab Laj kom muaj nyob ruaj khov.

Lub Cam Ranh Naval Base muaj txog xyoo 2002.

Cov txheej txheem suav nrog dab tsi?

Yuav ua li cas cov kev tsim kho vaj tse hauv Soviet thiab Lavxias cov kws tshaj lij tub rog muaj?

Los ntawm 90s mus txog rau qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm PMTO hauv Cam Ranh (Lub Plaub Hlis 2002), Soviet thiab tom qab ntawd cov kws tshaj lij Lavxias tau siv ntau qhov chaw. Cam Ranh Naval Base (Vietnam) muaj:

tub rog tub rog, uas suav nrog lub hauv paus chaw ua haujlwm thiab barracks rau cov neeg ua haujlwm;
chav noj mov rau 250 tus neeg;
bakery;
da dej thiab ntxhua khaub ncaws;
club tsev;
middle school;
kaum yim tsev nyob;
khoom warehouse;
tsheb thauj khoom nrog rau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb.

Pier cheeb tsam suav nrog:

Reservoir park rau khaws cov roj nplua nyeem thiab roj.
Ob 279 tuj tub yees rau khaws zaub mov.
Kaum ob lub tsev hlau rau cov khoom muaj nqis.
Ob lub tshuab nqus dej, suav nrog rau 6 lub qhov dej los muab dej rau hauv tub ceev xwm. Ib tug ntawm lawv ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb rau kev xa dej ntawm cov nkoj thiab dav hlau.
Central diesel fais fab nroj tsuag nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 24,000 kW. Nws tau tsim los muab hluav taws xob rau txhua lub tsev ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb, nrog rau FPV cov chaw hauv Cam Ranh.

Txij thaum xyoo 1995, Cam Ranh tub rog nyob rau Nyab Laj, cov duab uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm no, suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

PMTO tswj;
nyiaj txiagkev pab;
kev sib txuas lus;
air commandant's office;
khaub ncaws;
roj cia;
khoom noj khoom haus;
chav ntxhua khaub ncaws;
tub rog commandant lub chaw ua haujlwm;
chaw haujlwm ntawm kev pabcuam marine engineering;
cais tuam txhab kev ruaj ntseg;
sanitary department;
fire department;
chaw ua haujlwm;
tsev kho mob naval;
high school.

Tub rog hauv Nyab Laj Cam Ranh yees duab

Yuav muaj pes tsawg tus neeg nyob hauv lub garrison?

Txij xyoo 1995 txog 2002, kwv yees li ntawm 600-700 tus neeg nyob hauv garrison. Qhov no yog tus naj npawb tsawg kawg ntawm cov kws tshaj lij uas nws lub hom phiaj yog los xyuas kom meej qhov kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj ntawm garrison. Lawv tau ua cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm PMTO.

Tsawg xwm txheej ntawm Cam Ranh Base

Cam Ranh (Navy base) yog qhov xwm txheej tshwm sim xyoo 1995. Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 12, peb lub dav hlau Su-27 fighter dav hlau, ib feem ntawm Lavxias teb sab Knights squadron, poob thaum tsaws ntawm lub tshav dav hlau hauv paus. Lawv tau rov los tsev los ntawm kev ua yeeb yam hauv Malaysia.

Kev sib raug zoo ntawm Russia thiab Nyab Laj thaum lub xyoo puag ncig

Txhua yam haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw tseem ceeb xws li cov tub rog hauv Cam Ranh tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw ntawm kev koom tes nrog cov kws tshaj lij Nyab Laj. Peb cov tub rog tau koom tes nrog cov neeg tsav nkoj ntawm SPR uas ua haujlwm nyob ze ntawm ceg av qab teb.

Ntxiv rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev ua tub rog-tswj txoj haujlwm, kev koom tes hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawmkab lis kev cai thiab kev ua si. Cov hnub so hauv tebchaws Nyab Laj tau ua kev zoo siab nrog kev yeej. Tag nrho cov no tau pab tsim kom muaj kev sib raug zoo.

hnub no yog dab tsi?

Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 2014, Lavxias Tus Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws Lavxias Sergei Shoigu tshaj tawm tias Russia npaj siab nthuav dav nws cov tub rog nyob hauv ntiaj teb. Hais txog qhov no, muaj kev sib tham sib tham txog kev xa cov tub rog hauv Nyab Laj.

Shoigu tau sau tseg tias Lavxias cov tub rog dav hlau tsim los rau kev ya davhlau ntev yuav tsum tau rov ua dua ntawm lub hauv paus tub rog no.

Txij thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 2014, lub tshav dav hlau ntawm Cam Ranh lub hauv paus tau siv los ua haujlwm rau Lavxias Il-78 dav hlau, uas tau muab cua-rau-huab cua refueling rau Tu-95MS cov tub rog missile nqa.

Nyab Laj puas muab Cam Ranh rau Russia? Lub hauv paus tub rog yuav tsum tau qhib rau kev nkag ntawm Lavxias teb sab warships. Qhov teeb meem no tau tham thaum lub sij hawm mus ntsib General Secretary ntawm Central Committee ntawm lub Communist Party rau peb lub teb chaws. Nws tau txiav txim siab tias daim ntawv cog lus yuav raug kos npe nrog Nyab Laj nyob rau yav tom ntej.

Raws li Lavxias Ministry of Defense, peb cov nkoj thiab nkoj rau kev pabcuam hauv Dej Hiav Txwv Pacific tsuas yog yuav tsum ceeb toom rau Nyab Laj cov tub ceev xwm txog kev nkag mus rau tub rog chaw nres nkoj Cam Ranh. Qhov no yog ib qho kev txhim kho loj heev vim Nyab Laj tau los ua lub xeev thib ob tom qab Syria tso cai rau Lavxias Navy cov nkoj ua rog tawm mus rau hauv lawv thaj chaw. Ntau tus kws tshaj lij tub rog tau taw qhia tias qhov tseeb tias Nyab Laj tau ntev los no tau suav tias yog Russia tus khub hauv kev ua tub rog-tsim txuj ci tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb.

rauNyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, ntau daim ntawv cog lus tau kos npe, tag nrho tus nqi yog $ 4.5 billion. Xyoo 2014, Russia tau xa rau 6 lub Varshavyanka chav kawm 06361 diesel submarines nruab nrog Club-S missile system rau Nyab Laj. Lub mobile ntug dej hiav txwv complex "Bastion" tau muab, nrog rau cov geoinformation system "Horizon" rau PBRK. Nyab Laj tau xaj Molniya-chav tub rog nkoj, 11661 Gepard-39 patrol frigates, thiab Su-30 MK2 fighter aircraft.

Thiab yuav muaj tag kis?

Puas Cam Ranh puag yuav raug tso cai rau Russia? Nyablaj muaj txoj haujlwm tsis meej pem txog qhov teeb meem no. Tsuas yog ob peb lub hlis dhau los, lub xeev tau xa rov qab cov tub rog Lavxias mus rau lub hauv paus, muab tias kev koom tes tsis ua rau muaj kev hem thawj tub rog rau peb lub tebchaws.

Kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob lub tebchaws yuav tsum muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb nkaus xwb. Txoj hauj lwm no tau nthuav tawm thaum lub Tsib Hlis 17 los ntawm Nyab Laj Ambassador rau peb lub teb chaws Nguyen Thanh Son. Nws tau sau tseg tias Nyab Laj txoj cai yog ua raws li kev tsis nkag mus rau hauv kev sib koom ua tub rog nrog ib lub xeev twg uas tsis yog lwm tus.

Raws li tus neeg sawv cev tau sau tseg, hauv cov ntsiab lus no, kev muab cov chaw nres nkoj Cam Ranh yog qhov tseem ceeb. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ob lub teb chaws yuav yog los muab kev pabcuam hauv hiav txwv, ua haujlwm kho cov nkoj thiab tsim cov khoom siv tub rog kom muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov hauv thaj av Pacific.

Nguyen Thanh Son tshaj tawm tias Hanoi npaj siab txuas ntxiv kev koom tes nrog Moscow hauv kev tiv thaiv. Kuj imNws tau hais tias Nyab Laj yeej ib txwm pom Russia ua tus phooj ywg zoo.

Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Tiv Thaiv Lavxias tau tshaj tawm tias cov tub rog Lavxias tuaj yeem xa mus rau Tebchaws Cuba thiab Nyab Laj. Cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tso kawm tsis tau teev tseg. Nws tau sau tseg tias kev sib tham tab tom ua hauv qhov kev taw qhia no.

Dmitry Peskov piav qhia txog kev xa mus rau cov tebchaws no los ntawm kev txaus siab rau lub tebchaws ntawm peb lub tebchaws. Peskov kuj tau sau tseg tias qhov xwm txheej hauv ntiaj teb kev sib tw hauv ob xyoos dhau los tau dhau los ua nruj heev, thiab cov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb tau ua rau Russia txoj cai ruaj ntseg.

Thiab ntawm no yog qhov kev xav tsis tau tig ntawm cov xwm txheej. Ob peb hnub dhau los, cov ntaub ntawv tau tshwm sim txog qhov tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav tau Russia ntawm cov khoom xws li Cam Ranh puag. Nyab Laj tau tshaj tawm txoj cai. Qhov no tau tshaj tawm ntawm lub rooj sib tham hauv Hanoi los ntawm Nyab Laj Txawv Tebchaws Txawv Tebchaws Le Hai Binh. Raws li nws hais, Nyab Laj tsis kam tso tub rog ntawm lwm lub tebchaws, suav nrog Russia mus rau hauv nws thaj chaw.