Robinson nyoob hoom qav taub: yam ntxwv, duab, nrawm. Robinson lub dav hlau helicopter

Cov txheej txheem:

Robinson nyoob hoom qav taub: yam ntxwv, duab, nrawm. Robinson lub dav hlau helicopter
Robinson nyoob hoom qav taub: yam ntxwv, duab, nrawm. Robinson lub dav hlau helicopter

Video: Robinson nyoob hoom qav taub: yam ntxwv, duab, nrawm. Robinson lub dav hlau helicopter

Video: Robinson nyoob hoom qav taub: yam ntxwv, duab, nrawm. Robinson lub dav hlau helicopter
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Anonim

Ib tug neeg tsav tsheb tsis tshua muaj, tau mus rau hauv txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau ntev, tsis tau yws tias nws lub tsheb tsis muaj peev xwm nce mus rau saum huab cua thiab ya hla kev tsheb sib tsoo. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev ntxhov siab yog qhov overabundance ntawm thauj nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thaum lub sij hawm muaj nuj nqis tshaj nyiaj. Qhov xwm txheej no tshwm sim rau cov neeg uas tswj hwm cov nyiaj ntau, rau cov uas tau lig rau lub rooj sib tham ua lag luam tuaj yeem ua rau poob loj. Raws li txoj cai, cov neeg lag luam vam meej yuav cov tsheb kim. Thiab ntawm no yog qhov kev daws teeb meem. Robinson nyoob hoom qav taub, hais txog nws tus nqi, haum zoo rau cov nqi ntawm cov tsheb hauv chav kawm, tsis yog qis dua rau Cadillac ntawm kev nplij siab, thiab teeb meem tsheb tsis paub txog nws.

robinson nyoob hoom qav taub
robinson nyoob hoom qav taub

Tsim

Aircraft rau tus kheej siv nyob rau sab hnub poob tau tshwm sim ntev dhau los, tab sis ua ntej lawv tsuas muaj rau cov neeg nplua nuj heev. Nyob rau hauv lub eighties ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, lub American tuam txhab Robinson Helicopter ntes tau lub zeem muag ntawm me me private aviation lag luam thiab pib tsim ib tug qauv nyoob hoom qav taub,muaj peev xwm sau cov neeg siv khoom niche ntawm cov neeg nruab nrab. Qhov tseeb, nws yuav tsum yog "lub tsheb ya" uas, ntxiv rau tus tsav, peb lossis plaub tus neeg caij tsheb nrog lub nra tuaj yeem haum. Hauv Asmeskas, tib neeg feem ntau taug kev hauv lawv lub tsheb, npog qhov deb mus txog ib txhiab mais, thiab Robinson suav rau qhov kev ncua deb. Lub nyoob hoom qav taub, ntxiv rau cov kev cai no, raws li txoj kev npaj, muaj lwm yam khoom tseem ceeb: kev tswj tau yooj yim thiab kev kawm rau kev tsav tsheb, kev lag luam roj, lub neej ntev ntawm lub cav, yooj yim ntawm kev saib xyuas, kev ntseeg siab, kev nyab xeeb thiab kev nplij siab. Ua kom tau raws li tag nrho cov xwm txheej no hauv ib lub tshuab tsis yog ib txoj haujlwm yooj yim, thiab lub tuam txhab tsim chaw ua haujlwm yuav tsum ua haujlwm hnyav. Nws yuav luag ib xyoo caum los tsim lub nyoob hoom qav taub. Xyoo 1990, Robinson nyoob hoom qav taub ntawm thawj tus qauv R44 feem ntau tau npaj txhij, ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd nws tau lees paub thiab tau qhia rau lub lag luam me me.

robinson nyoob hoom qav taub
robinson nyoob hoom qav taub

Design nta

Ib qho piv txwv nrog lub tsheb tuaj rau hauv siab tam sim tom qab tau paub txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub dav hlau. Robinson nyoob hoom qav taub hnyav tshaj ib tuj nrog rau roj, tsav, neeg caij tsheb thiab lawv lub nra. Qhov no kwv yees sib raug rau qhov hnyav ntawm Zhiguli. Roj nyob rau hauv lub tank haum 185 litres, uas yog txaus rau peb mus rau plaub thiab ib nrab teev los yog 650 kilometers ntawm lub davhlau. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg uas tau ntsib nrog cov dav hlau me me hauv lawv lub neej paub tias nws tsis txaus ya mus rau lawv qhov chaw, lawv tseem yuav tsum tuaj yeem tsaws rau ntawd. Thiab qhov ntawd yuav tsum muaj lub tshav dav hlau.(yog tias lub davhlau yog los ntawm dav hlau) lossis qhov chaw tsim nyog (rau lub dav hlau dav hlau). Txoj kab uas hla ntawm Robinson lub ntsiab rotor yog me ntsis ntau tshaj kaum meters, tag nrho qhov loj me yog 11.75 m, tab sis qhov no tsis tau txhais hais tias nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau tsaws rau ntawm ib lub dav hlau txwv los ntawm qhov ntev, ib co paj ntxiv yog xav tau. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau kev tsaws ntawm lub tshuab no tau yooj yim kom ntau li ntau tau vim muaj lwm qhov kev tsim qauv - lub kiv cua yog nyob siab, ntau tshaj peb meters saum toj no hauv av, thiab qhov ntxim nyiam ntawm nws ntes ntawm qee yam kev cuam tshuam me me.. Hauv lwm lo lus, Robinson nyoob hoom qav taub tsis xav tau qhov chaw tsaws tshwj xeeb.

robinson helicopter yam ntxwv
robinson helicopter yam ntxwv

Secrets of the power plant

Lub tshuab yog tsim raws li cov txheej txheem classical nrog ib lub ntsiab kiv cua thiab ib tus Tsov tus tw (xws li nyiaj npib) propeller nyob rau ntawm kab. Lub tshuab fais fab yog nyob tom qab lub cab thiab suav nrog lub cav nrog lub gearbox. Hom lub cev muaj zog, nyob ntawm qhov kev hloov kho, tuaj yeem yog IO-540 lossis O-540 Lycoming - nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si, lub zog me ntsis ntau dua 260 horsepower; tus naj npawb ntawm lub tog raj kheej yog rau. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub tsev ntawm lub nyoob hoom qav taub kuj nyob ntsiag to. Qhov tsis pub leejtwg paub ntawm lub suab qis, lub neej ua haujlwm ntev thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm lub zog cog yog redundancy, uas yog, lub zog cia. Nws ua haujlwm "ntawm ib nrab lub zog", tsis tsim kua muag, uas, ua ke nrog cov ntaub ntawv nthuav dav siv (nrog rau cov khoom sib xyaw), uas muaj suab nrov tsawg, thiab tib lub sijhawm nce hnav tsis kam, ua rau cov txiaj ntsig zoo heev.

robinson helicopter yees duab
robinson helicopter yees duab

Kev tswj hwm

Muaj ob peb lub rotorcraft raws li kev mloog lus rau tus tsav raws li Robinson. Lub nyoob hoom qav taub yog tsim los rau ib tus neeg tsav dav hlau, tab sis yog tias tsim nyog, tus neeg caij tsheb zaum ntawm nws sab xis tuaj yeem hla tus tsav. Ua li no, nws yog txaus rau nws tig lub pob khawm tswj (cyclic stroke) nyob rau hauv nws cov kev taw qhia thiab siv nws tus kheej kauj ruam thiab gala tswj lever, uas ob lub rooj zaum pem hauv ntej yog nruab rau sab laug. Tsis yog txhua lub teeb nyoob hoom qav taub yog nruab nrog kev tswj ob, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev cob qhia tsav, uas feem ntau yog tus tswv ntawm lub tshuab.

Kev ua haujlwm

Txhua lub dav hlau raug soj ntsuam los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm lub hom phiaj ntsuas ntsuas tus lej. Yog li, qhov muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab nyob rau sab qaum teb latitudes lossis tropics teeb tsa qhov kub thiab txias nyob rau hauv uas lub davhlau tseem muaj kev nyab xeeb. Rau cov qauv kev txiav txim siab, nws yog dav - los ntawm -30 ° C rau + 40 ° C, los ntawm qhov peb tuaj yeem xaus tias nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm yuav luag thoob plaws tebchaws Russia. Lub caij nkoj (uas yog, kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj) qhov nrawm ntawm Robinson nyoob hoom qav taub yog kwv yees li 110 mais ntawm ib teev (hauv US units) lossis peb 177 km / h, tab sis tuaj yeem ncav cuag 190 hauv hom tom qab. Muab qhov ncaj ntawm txoj kev sib tw, qhov zoo ntawm kev thauj huab cua ua kom pom tseeb. Qhov siab tshaj plaws davhlau qhov siab, hu ua lub qab nthab los ntawm aviators, ncav cuag 4250 meters, tab sis feem ntau nws mus qis dua, ntawm ib thiab ib nrab txhiab, nyob rau hauv uas Robinson nyoob hoom qav taub siv roj ntau tshaj. Specifications txawv ntawm tus qauv thiabdegree ntawm kev tsim kho lub cev muaj zog.

robinson nyoob hoom qav taub
robinson nyoob hoom qav taub

Kev hloov kho

Robinson Helicopter hais txog kev tsim khoom yog qhov nyuaj rau kev sib piv nrog "tus ncej" ntawm Asmeskas kev lag luam dav hlau xws li Boeing, Sikorsky lossis McDonnell-Douglas. Lub tuam txhab tau ua tiav kev lag luam ua tiav hauv ib ntu nqaim ntawm kev lag luam dav hlau me me. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis tau txhais hais tias nws cov khoom yog tsim rau cov neeg yuav khoom ntiag tug xwb, lawv kuj tseem yuav los ntawm tsoomfwv cov koomhaum (piv txwv li, rau tub ceev xwm), thiab tsis yog Asmeskas nkaus xwb. Txhawm rau npog cov neeg siv khoom loj tshaj plaws, xya qhov kev hloov kho ntawm Robinson nyoob hoom qav taub raug tsim:

- "Astro" - nruab nrog lub cav O-540.

- "Raven" yog tus qauv coj mus muag nrog lub cav muaj zog O-540-F1B5 ntawm cov hlau nplaum uas tuaj yeem tiv taus kev tsaws ntawm qhov chaw nyuaj.

Robinson lub dav hlau helicopter
Robinson lub dav hlau helicopter

- "Clipper" - ntab version (hydro-helicopter).

- "Raven II" - muaj lub cav txhaj tshuaj IO-540-AE1A5. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tshuab kiv cua yog ua kom dav. Kev muaj peev xwm navigation kuj tau nthuav dav kom tso cai ya davhlau hauv qhov txwv lossis xoom pom.

- "Clipper II" - tib yam "Raven II" hauv hydro version.

- "I-F-Ar Trainer" - raws li lub npe qhia, tus qauv kev cob qhia uas muaj txhua yam khoom tsim nyog.

- "Polis II" yog lub tsheb rau tub ceev xwm, nruab raws li.

Kev nplij siab thiab kev nyab xeeb

robinson helicopter ceev
robinson helicopter ceev

Lub davhlau hauv Robinson lub nyoob hoom qav taub txawv me ntsis ntawm kev mus rauib txwm tsheb ntawm txoj kev zoo. Cov rooj zaum xis, nrog cov thawv ntim khoom hauv qab lawv. Glazing kuj txaus siab, thiab tsis tsuas yog tus tsav (rau nws, qhov teeb meem no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv: qhov zoo dua qhov pom, yooj yim dua rau kev taug kev hauv qhov chaw), tab sis kuj yog cov neeg caij tsheb uas tsuas yog nyiam.

Raws li qhov txaus ntshai ntawm kev tawg, nws yeej muaj, tab sis nws qhov tshwm sim tsawg dua thaum tsiv mus rau lwm hom kev thauj mus los. Txawm hais tias lub cav tsis ua haujlwm feem ntau tsis ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo - qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tsis yog Robinson nkaus xwb (thiab nws lub teeb heev), tab sis feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov nyoob hoom qav taub uas muaj peev xwm ua rau qhov muag tsis zoo vim qhov kev sib hloov ntawm lub ntsiab. rotor (nws hu ua autorotation).

Feem ntau, cov tsheb ntawm hom no tau raug xwm txheej vim kev cob qhia tsis txaus ntawm cov kws tsav dav hlau lossis kev ua haujlwm tsis raug.

kev lag luam thib ob

robinson nyoob hoom qav taub
robinson nyoob hoom qav taub

Lub Hoobkas nqi ntawm "Robinson R-44" nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas yog hais txog $ 300,000. Muab rau hauv tus account cov txiaj ntsig ntawm tus tswv lag luam thiab cov nqi kev lis kev cai, nws nce mus txog 450,000 hauv Russia. Xws li tus nqi siab txhawb kom cov tswv muaj peev xwm nrhiav txoj hauv kev txuag nyiaj los ntawm kev yuav cov khoom tsim nyog hauv kev ua lag luam thib ob, qhov kev yuav khoom tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm kev them nyiaj ntawm 270 txog 400 txhiab US dollars. Ntawm kaum lub rotorcraft, cuaj raug muag hauv txoj kev no, thiab Robinson nyoob hoom qav taub tsis muaj qhov zam. Daim duab ntawm cov khoom siv tau hais tias me me, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj yog qhov tag nrho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub cev muaj zog ntawm cov nodes thiab cov hnub nyoog dav dav. Lub sijhawm ntawm kev kho dua tshiab tsis tuaj yeemtshaj 2200 teev (los ntawm txoj kev, nws tsis pheej yig - koj yuav tau them txog $ 60 txhiab). Koj kuj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau cov peev txheej seem ntawm txhua qhov chaw, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov khoom kim tshaj plaws. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov tuam txhab tsim dav hlau thoob ntiaj teb tau txais cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb tsis yog los ntawm kev muag khoom, tab sis los ntawm nws cov khoom ntxiv nrog cov khoom siv thiab khoom siv.

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