Chuvashia yog ib lub tebchaws nyob rau hauv Lavxias Federation, nyob 700 mais ntawm Moscow. Cov pejxeem ntawm Chuvashia yog tshaj 1.2 lab tus tib neeg. Kab lus yuav tsom mus rau leej twg nyob hauv tebchaws, nrog rau cov teeb meem pej xeem thiab cov nroog hauv cheeb tsam.
Republic of Chuvashia: cov lus qhia dav dav
Chuvashia yog ib qho ntawm cov koom pheej hauv Lavxias Federation. Nws nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm European ib feem ntawm lub tebchaws. Volga River ntws nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm lub tebchaws. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm "lub nroog" ntawm cheeb tsam mus rau lub peev ntawm Russia yog 630 km.
Lub tebchaws muaj thaj tsam me me (los ntawm Lavxias tus qauv) thaj tsam: txog 18,000 square kilometers. Cov pejxeem ntawm Chuvashia yog 1.23 lab tus tib neeg. Lub koom pheej tau zoo heev nrog rau lwm thaj tsam ntawm Russia los ntawm txoj kev, tsheb ciav hlau, thiab kev thauj dej.
Feem ntau ntawm Chuvashia nyob nruab nrab ntawm tus dej Sura thiab Sviyaga, nyob rau hauv hav zoov thiab hav zoov-steppe natural zones. Lub nyem ntawm thaj chaw yog tiaj tus, kev nyab xeeb yog temperate continental. Ntawm cov minerals nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam, muaj deposits ntawm roj shale thiab phosphate pob zeb.
Chuvashia yog thaj av uas muaj kab lis kev cai nplua nuj thiab kev coj noj coj ua. Nws yog feem ntau hu ua "lub teb chaws ntawm ib puas txhiab zaj nkauj". Cov kws tshawb fawb tsom mus rau qhov originality ntawm lub suab paj nruas kab lis kev cai hauv zos, uas yog qhia tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb yam ntawm hu nkauj, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv ib tug txheej ntawm instruments.
Dynamics thiab pejxeem ntawm tebchaws
Chuvashia yog ib thaj chaw muaj neeg coob tshaj plaws ntawm Lavxias Federation. Raws li xyoo 2016, 1 lab 237 txhiab tus neeg nyob ntawm no. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov nruab nrab cov pej xeem ntom ntom ntawm Chuvashia yog ib qhov siab tshaj plaws hauv Russia (yuav luag 68 tus neeg / sq. km.).
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov xwm txheej pej xeem hauv tebchaws tau nyuaj heev rau nees nkaum xyoo tam sim no. Txij xyoo 1994, cov pejxeem ntawm Chuvashia tau maj mam tuag. Thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm, lub cheeb tsam poob yuav luag 100 txhiab ntawm nws inhabitants! Muaj tseeb tiag, los ntawm 2016 tus nqi ntawm cov pejxeem kev ploj tuag tau nres, feem ntau yog vim qhov nce ntawm tus menyuam yug.
Lwm qhov teeb meem loj ntawm pej xeem hauv cheeb tsam yog "kev laus" ntawm cov pejxeem. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov tub ntxhais hluas nquag tawm hauv tebchaws. Raws li, qhov feem pua ntawm cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog so haujlwm tau nce ntxiv hauv cov hnub nyoog ntawm cov pejxeem.
theem ntawm nroog loj hauv cheeb tsam yog qhov qis - 61.3%. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis ntev los no cov pej xeem hauv nroog ntawm Chuvashia tau nce txhua xyoo.
Hnub nyoog, kev sib deev ntawm cov pejxeem thiab kev tsiv teb tsaws
Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, feem ntawm cov nyiaj laus hauv Chuvashia tau nce txhua xyoo. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov menyuam yaus yog txo qis. Yog xyoo 1989Xyoo 2002 nws yuav luag 27%, tab sis xyoo 2002 nws tsuas yog 19.9%.
Yog peb tham txog poj niam txiv neej tus qauv ntawm cov pejxeem, cov poj niam yeej nyob hauv Chuvashia (53.7%). Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau xyoo tas los no tau muaj kev nyiam sib npaug ntawm tag nrho cov txiv neej thiab poj niam.
Cov pej xeem ntawm Chuvashia poob qis tsis yog vim muaj cov txheej txheem pej xeem, tab sis kuj yog vim muaj kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw. Tshaj li tsib xyoos dhau los, tau muaj qhov tsis zoo rau kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw hauv cheeb tsam. Qhov nruab nrab, txhua xyoo 2-5 txhiab tus neeg tawm hauv Chuvashia dua li nkag mus rau hauv tebchaws. Cov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm kev nyiam rau cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw los ntawm thaj av no yog Moscow, thaj tsam Ulyanovsk, Tatarstan thiab cheeb tsam Moscow.
haiv neeg ntawm cov pejxeem. Leej twg yog Chuvash?
Lub teb chaws muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov koom pheej yog tswj hwm los ntawm Chuvash (67.7%). Tom ntej no tuaj Russians (26.7%), Tatars (2.8%) thiab Mordovians (kwv yees li 1%). Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau thaj chaw ntawm Chuvashia muaj ntau heev diasporas ntawm Ukrainians, Belarusians thiab Armenians.
Chuvash yog haiv neeg hauv paus txawm hauv tebchaws. Qhov no yog ib pawg neeg Turkic, lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb koom nrog Volga Bulgars. Tag nrho cov naj npawb ntawm Chuvash hauv ntiaj teb yog kwv yees li ntawm ib thiab ib nrab lab tus tib neeg. Ib nrab ntawm lawv nyob hauv lub koom pheej ntawm Chuvashia. Cov neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb ntawm pawg neeg no tau tawg mus thoob plaws tebchaws Russia, lawv kuj nyob hauv Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine thiab lwm lub tebchaws.
Chuvash hais lawv hom lus - Chuvash, uas muaj peb yam lus. Hauv 65% ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv hauv cheeb tsamcov me nyuam raug qhia ua lus no. Feem ntau ntawm cov Chuvash yog cov ntseeg Orthodox. Txawm li cas los xij, kuj tseem muaj kev ntseeg ntawm kev ntseeg pagan ib txwm nyob ntawm lawv.
Raws li cov lus dab neeg thaum ub Chuvash, lub ntiaj teb muaj cov duab plaub. Lub firmament rests ntawm plaub tus ncej (tooj liab, pob zeb, kub thiab nyiaj). Txhua lub kaum plaub ntawm lub ntiaj teb no muaj kev ruaj ntseg tiv thaiv los ntawm tus hero tiv thaiv.
Niaj hnub nimno cov qauv ntawm lub tebchaws. Cov pejxeem ntawm Chuvashia los ntawm cheeb tsam
Lub koom pheej ntawm Chuvashia hnub no tau muab faib ua 21 thaj chaw tswj hwm. Muaj cuaj lub nroog, yim lub nroog-hom chaw nyob thiab 1720 lub zos ntawm no. Lub peev ntawm lub koom pheej yog lub nroog ntawm Cheboksary. Raws li kev suav pej xeem zaum kawg, txhua tus neeg thib peb ntawm Chuvashia nyob hauv nws.
Cov cheeb tsam ntawm lub tebchaws muaj qhov sib txawv. Qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam yog Alatyrsky, thiab qhov tsawg tshaj plaws yog Krasnoarmeisky. Cov lus hauv qab no qhia tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm Chuvashia, qhia cov pej xeem rau txhua tus ntawm lawv:
| Npe koog tsev kawm ntawv | Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg nyob (txhiab tus neeg) |
| Alatyrsky | 15, 2 |
| Alikovsky | 16, 3 |
| Batyrevsky | 35, 1 |
| Wurnar | 32, 8 |
| Ibresinsky | 23, 9 |
| Kanashian | 36, 3 |
| Red Army | 14, 6 |
| Krasnochetayskiy | 14, 9 |
| Kozlovsky | 19, 7 |
| Komsomolsky | 25, 6 |
| Marposadskiy | 22, 7 |
| Morgauschsky | 33, 5 |
| Poretsky | 12, 8 |
| Urmar | 23, 6 |
| Civilian | 36, 2 |
| Cheboksary | 62, 5 |
| Shumerlinsky | 9, 4 |
| Shemurshinsky | 12, 8 |
| Yadrinsky | 26, 9 |
| Yantikovsky | 15, 2 |
| Yalchiksky | 17, 9 |
Cities of Chuvashia
Cov npe ntawm lub nroog hauv Chuvashia suav nrog cuaj thaj chaw. Ob tug ntawm lawv yog cov nroog loj. Tab sis tsuas yog 8,5 txhiab tus neeg nyob hauv qhov tsawg tshaj plaws.
Cheboksary suav hais tias yog lub nroog qub tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws (thawj zaug hauv cov ntaub ntawv sau rau 1469). Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 16th, peb lub nroog tau tshwm sim - Alatyr, Yadrin thiab Tsivilsk.
Cov nram qab no yog tag nrho cov nroog ntawm Chuvashia los ntawm cov pejxeem (los ntawm loj tshaj mus rau tsawg tshaj):
- Cheboksary.
- Novocheboksarsk.
- Kanash.
- Alatyr.
- Shumerlya.
- Tsivilsk.
- Kazlovka.
- Mariinsky Posad.
- Yadrin.
Lub nroog Cheboksary yog lub peev ntawm tebchaws
Cheboksary yog lub nroog loj tshaj plaws hauv Chuvashia. Ntxiv nrog rau cov xwm txheej ntawm lub peev, nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev coj noj coj ua, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev thauj mus los ntawm thaj av. Nyob rau hauv 2001, lub nroog tau txais lub Honorary title ntawm "zoo tshaj plaws" nyob rau hauv Russia.
Cheboksary nyob rau ntawm tus dej Volga. Cov rooj vag thauj hauv nroog yog lub tshav dav hlau, chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau thiab chaw nres nkoj dej.
Lub nroog tau tshwm sim nyob rau nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, nws tau los ua ib qho chaw loj ntawm kev lag luam hauv cheeb tsam Volga. Cov mov ci, furs, ntses, zib ntab thiab ntsev yog nquag pauv ntawm no. Tam sim no, ntau tshaj li kaum lub tuam txhab loj ua haujlwm hauv Cheboksary. Nws tsim cov tsheb laij teb, khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab khoom siv kho qhov muag, textiles, thiab khoom qab zib. Ob lub distilleries hauv zos tsim ntau yam dej cawv.
Cheboksary tseem hu ua lub chaw ua si ntawm thaj av. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau sab laug bank ntawm lub Volga muaj ib tug sanatorium "Chuvashia", uas muab kev pab kho mob, nrog rau cov kev pab cuam rau kev kho mob thiab kuaj mob ntawm ntau yam kab mob.
Cheboksary yog qhov chaw kawm tseem ceeb thiab kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Chuvashia. Muaj tsib lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, nrog rau ntau ceg ntawm cov tsev kawm qib siab uas tsis nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Lub nroog muaj yim lub tsev cia puav pheej, tsib lub tsev ua yeeb yam thiab ntau dua 30 lub tsev qiv ntawv pej xeem. Txhua xyoo hauv CheboksaryMuaj ntau lub koob tsheej loj.
Ntawm cov architectural monuments ntawm lub nroog, nws tsim nyog sau cia ob peb lub tuam tsev zoo nkauj tshaj plaws thiab cov complexes. Tshwj xeeb, Vvedensky Cathedral ntawm 1651, lub Vaj Trinity Monastery, nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, lub Koom Txoos Assumption (1763). Ntau tshaj li peb caug monuments, sculptural compositions thiab monuments tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm txawv sij hawm. Qhov zoo nkauj tshaj plaws thiab nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog Niam Monument (uas suav tias yog lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg ncig teb chaw Cheboksary), lub monument equestrian zoo kawg nkaus rau Chapaev, lub bust ntawm tus kws sau paj lug Nizami Ganjavi thiab lwm tus.
Nyob hauv kaw
1 236 628 - qhov no yog cov pej xeem ntawm Chuvashia (rau 2016). Cov pab pawg neeg tseem ceeb hauv tebchaws yog Chuvash - cov neeg hauv paus txawm nyob hauv cheeb tsam. Ntawm no lawv yog kwv yees li 68%. Lub nroog Cheboksary yog lub nroog loj tshaj plaws ntawm Chuvashia thiab nws lub peev.
Hnub no, lub tebchaws no yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm cov teeb meem loj ntawm pej xeem: kev ploj mus thiab kev laus ntawm cov pejxeem, nrog rau cov tub ntxhais hluas tawm mus rau lwm qhov, ntau thaj tsam ntawm lub tebchaws.
